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Deep view of composite SNR CTA1 with LHAASO in γ-rays up to 300 TeV

Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2025年

作者： Zhen Cao f.Aharonian Axikegu Y.x.Bai Y.W.Bao D.Bastieri x.J.Bi Y.J.Bi W.Bian A.V.Bukevich Q.Cao W.Y.Cao Zhe Cao J.Chang J.f.Chang A.M.Chen E.S.Chen H.x.Chen Liang Chen Lin Chen Long Chen M.J.Chen M.L.Chen Q.H.Chen S.Chen S.H.Chen S.Z.Chen T.L.Chen Y.Chen N.Cheng Y.D.Cheng M.C.Chu M.Y.Cui S.W.Cui x.H.Cui Y.D.Cui B.Z.Dai H.L.Dai Z.G.Dai Danzengluobu x.Q.Dong K.K.Duan J.H.fan Y.Z.fan J.fang J.H.fang K.fang C.f.feng H.feng L.feng S.H.feng x.T.feng Y.feng Y.L.feng S.Gabici B.Gao C.D.Gao Q.Gao W.Gao W.K.Gao M.M.Ge T.T.Ge L.S.Geng G.Giacinti G.H.Gong Q.B.Gou M.H.Gu f.L.Guo J.Guo x.L.Guo Y.Q.Guo Y.Y.Guo Y.A.Han O.A.Hannuksela M.Hasan H.H.He H.N.He J.Y.He Y.He Y.K.Hor B.W.Hou C.Hou x.Hou H.B.Hu Q.Hu S.C.Hu C.Huang D.H.Huang T.Q.Huang W.J.Huang x.T.Huang x.Y.Huang Y.Huang Y.Y.Huang x.L.Ji H.Y.Jia K.Jia H.B.Jiang K.Jiang x.W.Jiang Z.J.Jiang M.Jin M.M.Kang I.Karpikov D.Khangulyan D.Kuleshov K.Kurinov B.B.Li C.M.Li Cheng Li Cong Li D.Li f.Li H.B.Li H.C.Li Jian Li Jie Li K.Li S.D.Li W.L.Li W.L.Li x.R.Li xin Li Y.Z.Li Zhe Li Zhuo Li E.W.Liang Y.f.Liang S.J.Lin B.Liu C.Liu D.Liu D.B.Liu H.Liu H.D.Liu J.Liu J.L.Liu M.Y.Liu R.Y.Liu S.M.Liu W.Liu Y.Liu Y.N.Liu Q.Luo Y.Luo H.K.Lv B.Q.Ma L.L.Ma x.H.Ma J.R.Mao Z.Min W.Mitthumsiri H.J.Mu Y.C.Nan A.Neronov K.C.Y.Ng L.J.Ou P.Pattarakijwanich Z.Y.Pei J.C.Qi M.Y.Qi B.Q.Qiao J.J.Qin A.Raza D.Ruffolo A.Sáiz M.Saeed D.Semikoz L.Shao O.Shchegolev x.D.Sheng f.W.Shu H.C.Song Yu.V.Stenkin V.Stepanov Y.Su D.x.Sun Q.N.Sun x.N.Sun Z.B.Sun J.Takata P.H.T.Tam Q.W.Tang R.Tang Z.B.Tang W.W.Tian L.H.Wan C.Wang C.B.Wang G.W.Wang H.G.Wang H.H.Wang J.C.Wang Kai Wang Kai Wang L.P.Wang L.Y.Wang P.H.Wang R.Wang W.Wang x.G.Wang x.Y.Wang Y.Wang Y.D.Wang Y.J.Wang Z.H.Wang Z.x.Wang Zhen Wang Zheng Wang D.M.Wei J.J.Wei Y.J.Wei T.Wen C.Y.Wu H.R.Wu Q.W.Wu S.Wu x.f.Wu Y.S.Wu S.Q.xi J.xia G.M.xiang D.x.xiao G.xiao Y.L.xin Y.xing D.R.xiong Z.xiong D.L.xu R.f.xu R.x.xu W.L.xu L.xue D.H.Yan J.Z.Yan T.Yan C.W.Yang C.Y.Yang f.Yang f.f.Yang L.L.Yang M.J.Yang R.Z.Yang W.x.Yang Y.H.Yao Z.G.Yao L.Q.Yin N.Yin x.H.You Z.Y.You Y.H Southwest Jiaotong University School of Astronomy and Space Science Nanjing University Center for Astrophysics Guangzhou University Tsung-Dao Lee Institute & School of Physics and Astronomy Shanghai Jiao Tong University Institute for Nuclear Research of Russian Academy of Sciences Hebei Normal University University of Science and Technology of China LHAASO Collaboration State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics Key Laboratory of Dark Matter and Space Astronomy & Key Laboratory of Radio Astronomy Purple Mountain Observatory Chinese Academy of Sciences Research Center for Astronomical Computing Zhejiang Laboratory Key Laboratory for Research in Galaxies and Cosmology Shanghai Astronomical Observatory Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Physics and Astronomy Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics & Experimental Physics Division & Computing Center Yunnan University Key Laboratory of Cosmic Rays (Tibet University) Ministry of Education Department of Physics The Chinese University of Hong Kong Key Laboratory of Radio Astronomy and Technology National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Physics and Astronomy (Zhuhai) & School of Physics (Guangzhou) & Sino-french Institute of Nuclear Engineering and Technology (Zhuhai) Sun Yat-sen University Institute of High Energy Physics Institute of frontier and Interdisciplinary Science Shandong University APC Université Paris Cité CNRS/IN2P3 CEA/IRfU Observatoire de Paris Department of Engineering Physics & Department of Astronomy Tsinghua University School of Physics and Microelectronics Chinese Academy of Sciences Zhengzhou University Yunnan Observatories Chinese Academy of Sciences China Center of Advanced Science and Technology College of Physics Sichuan University School of Physics Peking University Guangxi Key Laboratory for Relativistic Astrophysics School of Physical Science and Technology University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangxi University Department of Physics faculty of Science Mahidol University Moscow Institute

The ultra-high-energy（UHE） gamma-ray source 1LHAASO J0007+7303u is positionally associated with the composite SNR CTA1 that is located at high Galactic Latitude b ≈ 10.5°. This provides a rare opportunity to spatially resolve the component of the pulsar wind nebula（PWN） and supernova remnant（SNR） at UHE. This paper conducted a dedicated data analysis of 1LHAASO J0007+7303u using the data collected from December 2019 to July 2023. This source is well detected with significances of 21σ and 17σ at 8-100 TeV and >100 TeV, respectively. The corresponding extensions are determined to be 0.23°±0.03°and 0.17°±0.03°. The emission is proposed to originate from the relativistic electrons accelerated within the PWN of PSR J0007+7303. The energy spectrum is well described by a power-law with an exponential cutoff function dN/dE =（42.4 ± 4.1）(E/（20 TeV）)-2.31±0.11exp(-E/（110±25 TeV）) TeV-1cm-2s-1in the energy range from 8 to 300 TeV, implying a steady-state parent electron spectrum dNe/dEe∝(Ee/（100 TeV）)-3.13±0.16exp[(-Ee/（373±70 TeV）)2] at energies above ≈ 50 TeV. The cutoff energy of the electron spectrum is roughly equal to the expected current maximum energy of particles accelerated at the PWN terminal shock. Combining the x-ray and gamma-ray emission, the current space-averaged magnetic field can be limited to≈ 4.5 μG. To satisfy the multi-wavelength spectrum and the γ-ray extensions, the transport of relativistic particles within the PWN is likely dominated by the advection process under the free-expansion phase assumption.

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LHAASO detection of very-high-energy γ-ray emission surrounding PSR J0248+6021

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2025年

We report the detection of an extended very-high-energy(VHE) γ-ray source coincident with the location of middle-aged(62.4 kyr) pulsar PSR J0248+6021, by using the LHAASO-WCDA data of live 796 d and LHAASO-KM2A data of live 1216d. A significant excess of γ-ray induced showers is observed both by WCDA in energy bands of 1-25 Te V and KM2A in energy bands of >25 TeV with 7.3σ and 13.5σ, respectively. The best-fit position derived through WCDA data is R.A. = 42.06°± 0.12°and Dec. = 60.24°± 0.13°with an extension of 0.69°±0.15°and that of the KM2A data is R.A.= 42.29°± 0.13°and Dec. =60.38°± 0.07°with an extension of 0.37°±0.07°. No clear extended multiwavelength counterpart of this LHAASO source has been found from the radio band to the GeV band. The most plausible explanation of the VHE γ-ray emission is the inverse Compton process of highly relativistic electrons and positrons injected by the pulsar. These electrons/positrons are hypothesized to be either confined within the pulsar wind nebula or to have already escaped into the interstellar medium, forming a pulsar halo.

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Observation of the γ-ray emission from W43 with LHAASO

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2025年

In this paper, we report the detection of the very-high-energy (VHE, 100 Ge V100 TeV) γ-ray emissions from the direction of the young star-forming region W43, observed by the Large High Altitude Air Shower Observation (LHAASO). The extended γ-ray source was detected with a significance of～16σby KM2A and～17σby WCDA, respectively. The angular extension of this γ-ray source is about 0.5 degrees, corresponding to a physical size of about 50pc. We discuss the origin of the γ-ray emission and possible cosmic ray acceleration in the W43 region using multi-wavelength data. Our findings suggest that W43 is likely another young star cluster capable of accelerating cosmic rays (CRs) to at least several hundred TeV.

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Topology Data Analysis-Based Error Detection for Semantic Image Transmission with Incremental Knowledge-Based HARQ

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China Communications 2025年第1期22卷 235-255页

作者： Ni fei Li Rongpeng zhao Zhifeng Zhang Honggang College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China Zhejiang Lab Hangzhou 311121China faculty of Data Science City University of MacaoMacaoChina

Semantic communication(SemCom)aims to achieve high-fidelity information delivery under low communication consumption by only guaranteeing semantic ***,semantic communication still suffers from unexpected channel volatility and thus developing a re-transmission mechanism(e.g.,hybrid automatic repeat request[HARQ])becomes *** that regard,instead of discarding previously transmitted information,the incremental knowledge-based HARQ(IK-HARQ)is deemed as a more effective mechanism that could sufficiently utilize the information ***,considering the possible existence of semantic ambiguity in image transmission,a simple bit-level cyclic redundancy check(CRC)might compromise the performance of ***,there emerges a strong incentive to revolutionize the CRC mechanism,thus more effectively reaping the benefits of both SemCom and *** this paper,built on top of swin transformer-based joint source-channel coding(JSCC)and IK-HARQ,we propose a semantic image transmission framework *** particular,different from the conventional CRC,we introduce a topological data analysis(TDA)-based error detection method,which capably digs out the inner topological and geometric information of images,to capture semantic information and determine the necessity for *** numerical results validate the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed SC-TDA-HARQ framework,especially under the limited bandwidth condition,and manifest the superiority of TDA-based error detection method in image transmission.

关键词： error detection incremental knowledgebased HARQ joint source-channel coding semantic communication swin transformer topological data analysis

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An integrated PHM framework for radar systems through system structural decomposition

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Journal of Systems Engineering and Electronics 2025年第01期 95-107页

作者： WANG Hong KULEVOME Delanyo Kwame Bensah zhao Zi’an School of Information and Communication Engineering University of Electronic Science and Technology of China

Implementing an efficient real-time prognostics and health management (PHM) framework improves safety and reduces maintenance costs in complex engineering ***, research on PHM framework development for radar systems is limited. furthermore, typical PHM approaches are centralized, do not scale well, and are challenging to *** paper proposes an integrated PHM framework for radar systems based on system structural decomposition to enhance reliability and support maintenance actions. The complexity challenge associated with implementing PHM at the system level is addressed by dividing the radar system into subsystems. Subsequently, optimal measurement point selection and sensor placement algorithms are formulated for effective data acquisition. Local modules are developed for each subsystem health assessment, fault diagnosis, and fault prediction without a centralized controller. Maintenance decisions are based on each local module’s fault diagnosis and prediction results. To further improve the effectiveness of the prognostics stage, the feasibility of integrating deep learning (DL) models is also *** experiments with different degradation patterns are performed to evaluate the effectiveness of the framework’s DLbased prognostics model. The proposed framework facilitates transitioning from traditional reactive maintenance practices to a predictive maintenance approach, thereby reducing downtime and improving the overall availability of radar systems.

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Comprehensive recovery of rare earth elements and gypsum from phosphogypsum:A wastewater free process combining gravity separation and hydrometallurgy

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Journal of Rare Earths 2025年第2期43卷 362-370,I0005页

作者： Jialin Qing Dapeng zhao Li Zeng Guiqing Zhang Liang Zhou Jiawei Du Qinggang Li Zuoying Cao Shengxi Wu School of Metallurgy and Environment Central South UniversityChangsha410083China Key Laboratory of Metallurgical Separation Science and Engineering of Non-ferrous Metals Industry Central South UniversityChangsha410083China National Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Refractory Non-ferrous Metals Resources Central South UniversityChangsha410083China

Comprehensive utilization of phosphogypsum(PG)has attracted much attention,especially for the recovery of rare earth elements(REEs)and gypsum due to the issues of stockpile,environmental pollution,and waste of associated *** utilization methods suffered the issues of low REEs leaching efficiency,huge amount of CaSO_(4)saturated wastewater and high recovery *** solve these issues,this study investigated the occurrence of REEs in PG and the leaching of *** results show that REEs in PG are in the forms of(1)REEs mineral inclusions,(2)REEs isomorphous substitution of Ca^(2+)in gypsum lattice,(3)dispersed soluble REEs *** leaching results demonstrate that(1)the dissolution of gypsum matrix is the control factor of REEs leaching;(2)H_(2)SO_(4)is a promising leachant considering the recycle of leachate;(3)the gypsum matrix suffers a recrystallization during the acid leaching and releases the soluble REEs from PG to aqueous *** the recovery of the undissolved REEs mineral inclusions,wet sieving concentrated 37.1 wt%of the REEs in a 10.7 wt%mass,increasing REEs content from 309 to 1071 ***,a green process combining gravity separation and hydrometallurgy is *** process owns the merits of wastewater free,considerable REEs recovery(about 10%increase compared with traditional processes),excellent gypsum purification(>95 wt%CaSO_(4)·2H_(2)O,withf soluble P_(2)O_(5) andf soluble f)and reagent saving(about 2/3less reagent consumption than non-cyclical leaching).

关键词： Phosphogypsum Rare earths Wastewater free Recrystallization reinforcement Gravity separation

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Changes in River Cross-section Morphology and Response to Streamflow and Sediment Processes in Middle Reaches of Yellow River,China

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Chinese Geographical Science 2025年第1期35卷 161-174页

作者： WEN Yongfu LI Pengfei LI Mengzhen MA Chaohui GAO Peng MU xingmin zhao Guangju The Research Center of Soil and Water Conservation and Ecological Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of EducationYangling 712100China Institute of Soil and Water Conservation Chinese Academy of Sciences&Ministry of Water ResourcesYangling 712100China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Hebei University of Water Resources and Electric Engineering Cangzhou 061001China xi’an University of Science and Technology Xi’an 710054China Institute of Soil and Water Conservation Northwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100China

Changes in river cross-section morphology have decisive influences on the flood discharge and sand transport capacity of rivers;thus,these changes strongly reflect the vitality of a *** this paper,based on the river cross-section and water and sediment data of two different periods(1974−1987 and 2007−2021),the trend analysis,change-point analysis and sediment rating curve method were used to analyze the change process of river cross-section morphology and its response to streamflow and sediment changes in the main river stream of the Yellow River at the Longmen hydrological *** 1974 to 1987(except in 1977),the riverbed experi-enced siltation,and the riverbed elevation ***,from 2007 to 2021,the riverbed experienced scouring,and the riverbed el-evation gradually *** cross-section shape changed from rectangular to U-shaped(deeper on the right side)at the Longmen *** changes in streamflow and sediment processes significantly impacted the evolution of river ***-flow(Pfficients(Pfficients followed a power *** decreasing trend in sediment discharge was sig-nificantly stronger than that in *** sediment particles tended to become *** sediment rating curve indicates that the sediment supply from upstream decreased while the erosive power in the river channel increased,leading to a gradual decline in riverbed elevation at the Longmen cross-section from 2007 to *** findings help us better understand the impacts of ecological restoration on changes in river streamflow and sediment during river evolution.

关键词： cross-section shape riverbed elevation water depth streamflow sediment discharge eco-restoration Longmen station middle reaches of the Yellow River,China

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Visible-light-driven four-component diacylation of styrenes with acyl azolium salts:carbonylative synthesis of 1,4-diketones

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Science China Chemistry 2025年

作者： Maolin Yang Yukun Liu Peng Yang Yanhua zhao xiaofeng Wu Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy Dalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences

A photochemically induced carbon monoxide-inclusive four-component carbonylation reaction has been delineated,facilitating the diacylation of styrenes with acyl azolium salts to synthesize valuable 1,4-diketone compounds with moderate to good *** process proceeds by generating acyl radicals from the Hantzsch esters and carbon monoxide,which subsequently add to the terminal position of ***,under light irradiation,the newly generated carbon radical can further react with activated acyl azolium salts to finish the desired 1,4-diketone products.

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Bacillus CotA laccase improved the intestinal health,amino acid metabolism and hepatic metabolic capacity of Pekin ducks fed naturally contaminated AfB_(1)diet

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2025年第1期16卷 331-344页

作者： Mingxin Ma Qianqian Wang Yanrong Liu Guiming Li Limeng Liu Gaigai Wang Yongpeng Guo Shimeng Huang Qiugang Ma Cheng Ji Lihong zhao State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and feeding Poultry Nutrition and Feed Technology Innovation TeamCollege of Animal Science and TechnologyChina Agricultural UniversityNo.2.Yuanmingyuan West RoadBeijing 100193People’s Republic of China Poultry Institute Shandong Academy of Agricultural SciencesJinan 250100China College of Animal Science and Technology Henan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhou 450046China

Background AflatoxinB1(AfB_(1))is a prevalent contaminant in agricultural products,presenting significant risks to animal *** laccase from Bacillus licheniformis has shown significant efficacy in degrading mycotoxins in vitro *** efficacy of Bacillus CotA laccase in animals,however,remains to be confirmed.A 2×2 factorial design was used to investigate the effects of Bacillus CotA laccase level(0 or 1 U/kg),AfB_(1) challenge(challenged or unchal-lenged)and their interactions on *** purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of Bacillus CotA laccase in alleviatingAfB_(1) toxicosis of *** Bacillus CotA laccase alleviatedAfB_(1)-induced declines in growth performance of ducks accompanied by improved average daily gain(ADG)and lower feed/gain ratio(f/G).Bacillus CotA laccase amelioratedAfB_(1)-induced gut barrier dysfunctions and inflammation testified by increasing the jejunal villi height/crypt depth ratio(VH/CD)and the mRNA expression of tight junction protein 1(TJP1)and zonula occluden-1(ZO-1)as well as decreasing the expression of inflammation-related genes in the jejunum of *** acid metabolome showed that Bacillus CotA laccase amelioratedAfB_(1)-induced amino acid metabolism disorders evidenced by increasing the level of glu-tamic acid in serum and upregulating the expression of amino acid transport related genes in jejunum of ***-lus CotA laccase amelioratedAfB_(1)-induced liver injury testified by suppressing oxidative stress,inhibiting apoptosis,and downregulating the expression of hepatic metabolic enzyme related genes of ***,Bacillus CotA laccase degradedAfB_(1) in digestive tract of ducks,resulting in the reduced absorption level ofAfB_(1) across intestinal epithelium testified by the decreased level ofAfB_(1)-DNA adduct in the liver,and the reduced content ofAfB_(1) residues in liver and feces of *** Bacillus CotA laccase effectively improved the growth performance,inte

关键词： AfB_(1)residue Aflatoxin Bacillus CotA laccase Duck Intestinal barrier function Liver metabolic enzyme

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Analytical solutions of uniform extended dislocations and tractions over a circular area in anisotropic magnetoelectroelastic bimaterials

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 2013年第1期29卷 73-84页

作者： Y.-f. zhao x.-C. Shang E. Pan Dept. of Civil Engineering University of Akron Dept. of Applied Mechanics University of Science and Technology

In this paper, we derive the analytical solutions in a three-dimensional anisotropic magnetoelectroelastic bimaterial space subject to uniform extended dislocations and tractions within a horizontal circular area. By virtue of the Stroh formalism and fourier transformation, the final expression of solutions in the physical domain contains only line integrals over [0, 2π] rather than infinite integrals. As the reduced cases, the half-space and homogeneous full-space solutions can be directly derived from the present solutions. Also, in terms of material domains, the present solutions can be reduced to the piezoelectric, piezomagnetic, purely elastic materials with different symmetries of material prop- erty. To carry out numerical calculations, Gauss quadrature is adopted. In the numerical examples, the effect of different loading locations on the response at the interface is analyzed. It is shown that, when the magnetic traction or electric dislocation is applied, the physical quantities on the interface may not decrease monotonically as the loading area moves away from the interface. The distributions of different in-plane physical quantities on the upper and lower interfaces under various extended horizontal loadings are compared and the differences are discussed. The work presented in this paper can serve as benchmarks for future numerical studies in related research fields.

关键词： Anisotropic bimaterial space. Magnetoelectroe- lastic Extended dislocations Extended tractions Circular loading Analytic solutions

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