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The soft X-ray Imager(sXI)on the sMILE Mission

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2024年第1期8卷 5-14页

作者： s.sembay A.L.Alme D.Agnolon T.Arnold A.Beardmore A.Belén Balado Margeli C.Bicknell C.Bouldin G.Branduardi-Raymont T.Crawford J.P.Breuer T.Buggey G.Butcher R.Canchal J.A.Carter A.Cheney Y.Collado-Vega H.Connor T.Crawford N.Eaton C.feldman C.forsyth T.frantzen G.Galgóczi J.Garcia G.Y.Genov C.Gordillo H-P.Gröbelbauer M.Guedel Y.Guo M.Hailey D.Hall R.Hampson J.Hasiba O.Hetherington A.Holland s-Y.Hsieh M.W.J.Hubbard H.Jeszenszky M.Jones T.Kennedy K.Koch-Mehrin s.Kögl s.Krucker K.D.Kuntz C.Lakin G.Laky O.Lylund A.Martindale J.Miguel Mas Hesse R.Nakamura K.Oksavik N.Østgaard H.Ottacher R.Ottensamer C.Pagani s.Parsons P.Patel J.Pearson G.Peikert f.s.porter T.Pouliantis B.H.Qureshi W.Raab G.Randal A.M.Read N.M.M.Roque M.E.Rostad C.Runciman s.sachdev A.samsonov M.soman D.sibeck s.smit J.søndergaard R.speight s.stavland M.steller TianRan sun J.Thornhill W.Thomas K.Ullaland B.Walsh D.Walton C.Wang s.Yang school of Physics and Astronomy University of LeicesterLeicesterLE17RHUK space Park Leicester University of LeicesterLeicesterLE17RHUK Mullard space science Laboratory University College LondonDorkingRH56NTUK Centre for Electronic Imaging Open UniversityMilton KeynesMK76 AAUK Birkeland Centre for space science Department of Physics and TechnologyUniv.of BergenN-5007 BergenNorway University of Vienna A-1010 ViennaAustria space Research Institute Austrian Academy of SciencesA-8042 GrazAustria National Institute of Aerospace Technology MadridSpain EsTEC European Space Agency2201 AZ NoordwijkNetherlands state Key Laboratory of space Weather National Space Science CentreBeijing 100190China University of Applied sciences and Arts Northwestern switzerland CH-5210 WindischSwitzerland Koegl space GmbH CH-8157 DielsdorfSwitzerland space Acoustics GmbH CH-8157 DielsdorfSwitzerland Zurich University of Applied sciences 8400 WinterhurSwitzerland Genov solutions N-5172 LoddefjordNorway sTM Engineering N-5165 LaksevagNorway John Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory MD 20723USA NAsA/Goddard space flight Centre MD 20771USA Center for space Physics Boston UniversityBostonMA 02215USA Department of Theoretical Physics and Astrophysics Masaryk University60177 BrnoCzech Republic Institute of Physics E¨otvo¨s Lor´and University1053 BudapestHungary Aerospace Information Research Institute Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100045China Centro de Astrobiologia(CAB) CSIC-INTAMadridSpain

The soft X-ray Imager(sXI)is part of the scientific payload of the solar wind Magnetosphere Ionosphere Link Explorer(sMILE)*** is a joint science mission between the European space Agency(EsA)and the Chinese Academy of sciences(CAs)and is due for launch in *** is a compact X-ray telescope with a wide field-of-view(fOV)capable of encompassing large portions of Earth’s magnetosphere from the vantage point of the sMILE *** is sensitive to the soft X-rays produced by the solar Wind Charge eXchange(sWCX)process produced when heavy ions of solar wind origin interact with neutral particles in Earth’s *** provides a mechanism for boundary detection within the magnetosphere,such as the position of Earth’s magnetopause,because the solar wind heavy ions have a very low density in regions of closed magnetic field *** sensitivity of the sXI is such that it can potentially track movements of the magnetopause on timescales of a few minutes and the orbit of sMILE will enable such movements to be tracked for segments lasting many *** is led by the University of Leicester in the United Kingdom(UK)with collaborating organisations on hardware,software and science support within the UK,Europe,China and the United states.

关键词： soft X-ray Imaging micropore optics large area CCD

Estimating the subsolar magnetopause position from soft X-ray images using a low-pass image filter

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2024年第1期8卷 173-183页

作者： Hyangpyo Kim Hyunju K.Connor Jaewoong Jung Brian M.Walsh David sibeck Kip D.Kuntz frederick s.porter Catriana K.Paw U Rousseau A.Nutter Ramiz Qudsi Rumi Nakamura Michael Collier space Research Institute Austrian Academy of Sciences8042 GrazAustria Geophysical Institute University of Alaska FairbanksFairbanksAlaska 99775USA National Aeronautics and space Administration(NAsA)Goddard space flight Center GreenbeltMaryland 20771USA Astronomy Department University of Maryland College ParkCollege ParkMaryland 20742USA Center for space Physics Boston UniversityBostonMassachusetts 02215USA Department of Physics and Astronomy Johns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMaryland 21218USA Howard University WashingtonDC 20059USA

The Lunar Environment heliospheric X-ray Imager(LEXI)and solar wind Magnetosphere Ionosphere Link Explorer(sMILE)missions will image the Earth’s dayside magneto pause and cusps in soft X-rays after their respective launches in the near future,to specify glo bal magnetic reconnection modes for varying solar wind *** suppo rt the success of these scientific missions,it is critical to develop techniques that extract the magnetopause locations from the observed soft X-ray *** this research,we introduce a new geometric equation that calculates the subsolar magnetopause position(Rs)from a satellite position,the look direction of the instrument,and the angle at which the X-ray emission is *** assumptions are used in this method:(1)The look direction where soft X-ray emissions are maximized lies tangent to the magnetopause,and(2)the magnetopause surface near the subsolar point is almost spherical and thus Rsis nea rly equal to the radius of the magneto pause *** create synthetic soft X-ray images by using the Open Geospace General Circulation Model(OpenGGCM)global magnetohydrodynamic model,the galactic background,the instrument point spread function,and Poisson *** then apply the fast fourier transform and Gaussian low-pass filte rs to the synthetic images to re move noise and obtain accurate look angles for the soft X-ray pea *** the filte red images,we calculate Rs and its accuracy for different LEXI locations,look directions,and solar wind densities by using the OpenGGCM subsolar magnetopause location as ground *** method estimates Rs with an accuracy ofsolar wind density exceeds>10 *** accuracy improves for greater solar wind densities and during southward interplanetary magnetic *** method ca ptures the magnetopause motion during southwa rd interplaneta ry magnetic field ***,the technique will enable quantitative analysis of the magnetopause motion and help reveal the daysi

关键词： soft X-ray magnetopause reconnection low-pass filter LEXI sMILE

Montezuma's revenge-the sequel: The one-hundred year anniversary of the first description of “post-infectious” irritable bowel syndrome

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2018年第45期24卷 5076-5080页

作者： Mark s Riddle Patrick Connor Chad K porter Department of Preventive Medicine and Biostatistics Uniformed Services University Military Enteric Disease Group Department of Military Medicine Royal Centre for Defence Medicine Birmingham Research Park Department of Enteric Diseases Naval Medical Research Center

One-hundred years have passed since the original description of the commonly described phenomenon of persistent abdominal symptoms being triggered by an acute enteric infection. This first account was generated out of astute observations by sir Arthur Hurst in World War I. Additional descriptions followed from military and non-military practitioners adding the evidence which has transitioned this recognized condition from association to causation. While mechanistic understanding is an area of active pursuit, this historical accounting of a centuries progress highlights important advances and contributions of military medicine and scientists to advances benefiting global populations.

关键词： Post-infectious irritable bowel syndrome Medical history Military medicine Gastroenteritis Travelers’diarrhea functional gastrointestinal disorder Bacterial diarrhea

Preliminary study on the summer monsoon climate of Chinese Loess Plateau during the last interglacial period

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维普期刊数据库

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Chinese science Bulletin 1996年第4期41卷 321-325页

作者：孙东怀周杰蒋复初 s.C.porter Xi'an Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology Chinese Academy of Sciences Xi'an 710054 China Institute of Geomechanics Ministry of Geology and Mineral Resources Beijing 100086 China Quaternary Research Centre University of Washington Seattle USA

Research on long-term climatic variation on the Chinese Loess Plateau has demonstrated that loess is mainly the dust deposits transported by the northern wind of the winter monsoon, and that the paleosol accreted by r... 详细信息

关键词： last interglacial Chinese loess susceptibility.

A Multi-match Approach to the Author Uncertainty Problem

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Journal of Data and Information science 2019年第2期4卷 1-18页

作者： stephen f.Carley Alan L.porter Jan L.Youtie search Technology Inc Georgia Institute of Technology Enterprise Innovation Institute Georgia Institute of Technology

Purpose: The ability to identify the scholarship of individual authors is essential for performance evaluation. A number of factors hinder this endeavor. Common and similarly spelled surnames make it difficult to isolate the scholarship of individual authors indexed on large databases. Variations in name spelling of individual scholars further complicates matters. Common family names in scientific powerhouses like China make it problematic to distinguish between authors possessing ubiquitous and/or anglicized surnames(as well as the same or similar first names). The assignment of unique author identifiers provides a major step toward resolving these difficulties. We maintain, however, that in and of themselves, author identifiers are not sufficient to fully address the author uncertainty problem. In this study we build on the author identifier approach by considering commonalities in fielded data between authors containing the same surname and first initial of their first name. We illustrate our approach using three case ***/methodology/approach: The approach we advance in this study is based on commonalities among fielded data in search results. We cast a broad initial net—i.e., a Web of science(WOs) search for a given author's last name, followed by a comma, followed by the first initial of his or her first name(e.g., a search for ‘John Doe' would assume the form: ‘Doe, J'). Results for this search typically contain all of the scholarship legitimately belonging to this author in the given database(i.e., all of his or her true positives), along with a large amount of noise, or scholarship not belonging to this author(i.e., a large number of false positives). from this corpus we proceed to iteratively weed out false positives and retain true positives. Author identifiers provide a good starting point—e.g., if ‘Doe, J' and ‘Doe, John' share the same author identifier, this would be sufficient for us to conclude these are one and the same individual. We fin

关键词： Name disambiguation Author identifiers Multi-match approach

Development of high damage threshold laser-machined apodizers and gain filters for laser applications

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High Power Laser science and Engineering 2016年第3期4卷 113-119页

作者： Patrick Rambo Jens schwarz Mark Kimmel John L.porter sandia National Laboratories

We have developed high damage threshold filters to modify the spatial profile of a high energy laser beam. The filters are formed by laser ablation of a transmissive window. The ablation sites constitute scattering centers which can be filtered in a subsequent spatial filter. By creating the filters in dielectric materials, we see an increased laser-induced damage threshold from previous filters created using ‘metal on glass' lithography.

关键词： apodization laser beam shaping laser micro-machining spatial filtering

Insight into the Disciplinary structure of Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

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Journal of Data and Information science 2017年第1期2卷 70-88页

作者： Chunjuan Luan Alan L.porter faculty of Administration and Law Dalian University of Technology school of Public Policy Georgia Institute of Technology

Purpose： This paper aims to gain an insight into the disciplinary structure of nanoscience ＆ nanotechnology （N＆N）： What is the disciplinary network of N＆N like？ Which disciplines are being integrated into N＆N over time？ for a specific discipline, how many other disciplines have direct or indirect connections with it？ What are the distinct subgroups of N＆N at different evolutionary stages？ such critical issues are to be addressed in this paper. Design/methodology/approach： We map the disciplinary network structure of N＆N by employing the social network analysis tool, Netdraw, identifying which Web of science Categories （WCs） mediate nbetweenness centrality in different stages of nano development. Cliques analysis embedded in the Ucinet program is applied to do the disciplinary cluster analysis in the study according to the path of ＂Network-subgroup-Cliques,＂ and a tree diagram is selected as the visualizing type. findings： The disciplinary network structure reveals the relationships among different disciplines in the N＆N developing process clearly, and it is easy for us to identify which disciplines are connected with the core ＂N＆N＂ directly or indirectly. The tree diagram showing N＆N related disciplines provides an interesting perspective on nano research and development （R＆D） structure. Research limitations： The matrices used to draw the N＆N disciplinary network are the original ones, and normalized matrix could be tried in future similar studies. Practical implications： Results in this paper can help us better understand the disciplinary structure of N＆N, and the dynamic evolution of N＆N related disciplines over time. The findings could benefit R＆D decision making. It can support policy makers from government agencies engaging in science and technology （s＆T） management or s＆T strategy planners to formulate efficient decisions according to a perspective of converging sciences and technologies. Originality/value： The novelty of this study lies in mapping the discipl

关键词： Nanoscience & nanotechnology (N&N) Disciplinary structure social network analysis Cluster analysis Cliques analysis Dynamic evolution

Accumulation sequence of Chinese loess and climatic records of Greenland ice core during the last 130 ka

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Chinese science Bulletin 1995年第15期40卷 1272-1276页

作者：安芷生孙东怀张小曳周卫建 s.C.porter J.shaw 张代州 Xi'an Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology. Chinese Academy of sciences. Xi'an 710061 China Quaternary Research Centre. University of Washington. seattle. UsA Geomagnetism Laboratory. University of Liverpool UK Department of Geophysics. Peking University. Beijing 100871 China

The present winter climate of continental China is associated with cold air *** cold air forming siberian high pressure comes from the Northern Barents *** Kara sea and Northern Atlantic Ocean (fig.1). in other words,... 详细信息

关键词： winter monsoon GRIP core and Chinese loess.

Effect of cooling rate and composition on microstructure and mechanical properties of ultrahigh-strength steels

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Journal of Iron and steel Research International 2019年第12期26卷 1350-1365页

作者： Mohammed Ali David porter Jukka Komi Mamdouh Eissa Hoda El faramawy Taha Mattar Materials and Mechanical Engineering Centre for Advanced Steels ResearchUniversity of OuluOulu 90014Finland steel Technology Department Central Metallurgical Research and Development InstituteHelwanCairo 11421Egypt

The influence of cooling rate on the microstructure and mechanical properties of two new ultrahigh-strength steels(UHsss)with different levels of C,Cr and Ni has been evaluated for the as-cooled and untempered *** UHss had higher contents of C and Cr,while the other one had a higher Ni *** the basis of dilatation curves,microstructures,macrohardness and microhardness,continuous cooling transformation diagrams were constructed as a guide to heat treatment *** rates(CRs)of 60,1 and 0.01°C/s were selected for more detailed *** characterization was made by laser scanning confocal microscopy,field emission scanning electron microscopy combined with electron backscatter diffraction,electron probe microanalysis and X-ray *** properties were characterized using macrohardness,tensile and Charpy V-notch impact *** with the higher C and Cr contents showed lower transformation temperatures and slower bainite formation kinetics than that with the higher Ni *** cooling rates led to lower volume fractions and carbon contents of retained austenite together with finer prior austenite grain size,as well as effective final grain size and lath *** changes were accompanied by higher yield and tensile *** best combinations of strength and toughness were obtained with martensitic microstructures and by avoiding the formation of granular bainite accompanied by proeutectoid carbides at low *** the cooling rates studied,UHss with the higher C and Cr contents showed the higher hardness and strength but at the cost of toughness.

关键词： Ultrahigh-strength steel Electroslag remelting Continuous cooling transformation diagram Microstructure feature Mechanical property