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Assessment of the Vaccination Status of Children Aged 6 to 30 Months in a Tertiary Level Health Care Center in Côte d’Ivoire

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第3期14卷 536-546页

作者： Yenan John Patrick Kpangni Jean Bertrand Yao Kouassi Christian Yeboua Yao Kossonou Roland Aka-Tanoh koko Aude Hélène Avi-Siallou Christelle Honorine Asse Kouadio Vincent Department of Pediatrics University Teaching Hospital of Bouake Bouake Ivory Coast Unit Pediatric Surgery University Teaching Hospital of Bouake Bouake Ivory Coast

Introduction: Vaccination coverage in Côte d’Ivoire over the period 2011 to 2015 was below the target of 95% for all antigens. The objective of this study was to analyze the vaccination status of children aged 6 to 30 months with a view to improving vaccination coverage. Patients and Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study which took place from June to September 2018 in a tertiary health center, focusing on children aged 6 to 30 months with a correctly completed health record. The parameters studied were sex, age, educational level of mothers, dates of vaccine administration and reason for missed vaccination opportunities. Results: We retained 212 children. The sex ratio was 1.21 and 93% had received the BCG vaccine before the age of 1 month. The average ages of combined and co-administered vaccines for the 1st and 2nd doses were 7.66 ± 3.81 and 12.88 ± 3.95 weeks, respectively. The median was 16.57 weeks for the 3rd dose. The proportion of vaccinated subjects was greater than 90% for the BCG vaccine and the 3 doses of combined vaccines, and 77% for the yellow fever and measles vaccines. The reasons for non-vaccination were attributable to the children’s parents and health facilities. Conclusion: Improving vaccination coverage requires regular supply of vaccines to centers, and the involvement of all health professionals, community and religious leaders in the vaccination awareness process.

关键词： Children Vaccination Coverage Missed Opportunities

Serum Calcium Ionised Rate and Materno-Perinatal Prognosis in Arterial Hypertension in Pregnancy at the Reference General Hospital of Panzi

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2024年第3期14卷 422-434页

作者： Mushera Aganze Alain Raha Maroyi Kenny Kakisingi Mibi De Joseph Musese Nguru Marie Constance Julien Bwama Botalatala Mbozi Andrea koko Kasengire Euphrasie Imani Erahamoba Pince Olivier Nyakio Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics Panzi General Referral Hospital Bukavu Democratic Republic of the Congo Department of Medicine and Public Health Evangelical University in Africa Bukavu Democratic Republic of the Congo Biopharm Hospital Bukavu Democratic Republic of the Congo International Institute of Tropical Agriculture IITA Olusegun Obasanjo Campus Kalambo Station South Kivu Democratic Republic of the Congo School of Medicine Official University of Bukavu Bukavu Democratic Republic of the Congo

Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy are among the leading causes of severe maternal morbidity and mortality, particularly in developing countries. Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy are among the leading causes of severe maternal morbidity and mortality, particularly in developing countries, maternal hypocalcaemia being a factor favouring the onset of arterial hypertension during pregnancy. The aim was to determine the maternal and perinatal prognosis of patients with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy as a function of serum ionised calcium levels. Material and Methods: A cross-sectional analytical study of 114 patients with arterial hypertension during pregnancy or during pregnancy or in the postpartum period at the HGR/Panzi from 1 January 2021 to 30 June 2022, text was entered using Microsoft Office Word 2010 and the tables were analysed using Excel 2010. The data was analysed using SPSS version 20.0 and Stata 14.0. The associations of the variables were calculated using Pearson's chi-square test, with a significance threshold set at a value of p f risk factors, Odds ratios and their confidence intervals were estimated in a univariate analysis. The most determining factors were identified by multivariate analysis using the forward conditional logistic regression model. Results: The mean gestational age was 34.43 ± 4.327 amenorheas weeks, 46.6% of patients had a vaginal delivery, 66.65% of which were indicated for maternal prognosis, maternal complications were associated with maternal hypocalcaemia in 81, 82% (P = 0.043) and an OR = 3.255 (P = 0.0158) threefold risk that the patient presenting with a complication is likely to be in a state of hypocalcaemia at 95% confidence index, and fetal prognosis was not significantly related to maternal calcaemia. Conclusion: Maternal hypocalcaemia is one of the factors that can influence maternal-foetal complications maternal-fetal complications, early management and prevention of this pathology is patholog

关键词： Hypocalcaemia Arterial Hypertension During Pregnancy and Maternal and Perinatal Prognosis

Psychological Experience of Mothers of Children with Sickle Cell Disease followed at the Pediatric Department of Bouaké University Teaching Hospital

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第1期14卷 149-163页

作者： Akanji Iburaima Alamun Aka-Tanoh koko Aude Hélène Yao Kouassi Christian Adou Leioh Romeo Sahi Gnantin Josette Landryse Amani Ehi Alexise Eleonore Boune Aboulaye Asse Kouadio Vincent Paediatrics Department Bouaké University Teaching Hospital Bouaké C&#244te d’Ivoire

Introduction: Sickle cell disease has physical and emotional repercussions on the child and his family. The aim of this study was to describe the psychosocial experiences of mothers of children with sickle cell disease in order to improve the overall care of the child. Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study carried out in the pediatrics department of Bouaké University Teaching Hospital from June to September 2023. It focused on mothers of major sickle-cell-affected children followed up in the pediatrics department of the Bouaké University Teaching Hospital. The variables studied were sociodemographic, psychological, social and economic. Results: Of the 40 mothers surveyed, 15% were not in school and 32.5% were unemployed. for them, sickle cell disease was of natural (genetic) origin in 90% and supernatural in 10%. They stated that the child had an average age of 36 months (extremes 7 and 108 months) when the disease was discovered. And 52% of them were satisfied with the way the disease was clearly and completely announced. following the announcement, the questioned mothers said they had felt shock (35%), sadness (31.7%), guilt (23.3%) and discouragement (10%). Anxiety and depression were experienced by 77.5% and 22.5% respectively. In 60% of cases, they stated that the disease was incurable, and the outcome was fatal in 2.5% of cases. The child’s illness was a source of problems in the home in 25% of cases, represented by arguments in 92% and divorce in 8%. In 97.5% of cases, the mother told her family and friends about the child’s illness. In 90% of cases, the mother and child benefited from psychological support from family and friends. Conclusion: Sickle cell disease is a serious illness with a psychological and social impact on mothers. We recommend psychological support for mothers from the moment of diagnosis and throughout follow-up.

关键词： Psychosocial Experience Sickle Cell Disease Côte d’Ivoire

fast MATLAB assembly of fEM matrices in 2D and 3D using cell-array approach

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International Journal of Modeling, Simulation, and Scientific Computing 2016年第2期7卷 167-186页

作者： Jonas koko Clermont Universit´e Universit´e Blaise Pascal LIMOSBP 10448F-63000 Clermont-FerrandFrance CNRSUMR 6158LIMOSF-63173 AubiereFrance

We propose a MATLAB implementation of the P1 finite element method for the numerical solutions of the Poisson problem and the linear elasticity problem in two-dimensional(2D)and three-dimensional(3D).The code consists of vectorized(and short)assembling functions for the matrices(mass and stiffness)and the right-hand *** for the P1 finite element,the element mass matrix and right-hand side are simple,the implementation uses only the MATLAB function sparse on the elements *** the stiffness matrix,to obtain a MATLAB implementation close to the standard form,cell-arrays are used to store the gradients of the element basis *** assembling procedure can then use matrix/vector products on small size *** experiments show that our implementation is fast,scalable with respect to time,and outperforms existing vectorized MATLAB fEM codes.

关键词： MATLAB code vectorization finite element stiffness matrix mass matrix

INf-γ and IL-2 Profile as Therapeutic Markers in Tuberculosis Patients at the Jamot Hospital of Yaounde-Cameroon

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Journal of Tuberculosis Research 2024年第2期12卷 119-128页

作者： Alexandra Emmanuelle Membangbi Jacky Njiki-Bikoï Esther Del-florence Moni Ndedi Donatien Serge Mbaga Elsa Nguiffo Makue André Chris Mikangue Mbongue koko-Ta Ladiff Sharonne Martha Mesembe Justin Olivier Essindi Aïcha Ngoutane Arnaud franck Elang Sabine Aimée Touangnou-Chamda George Ikomey Mondinde Eric Walter Perfura-Yone Marie Joseph Nkodo Mindimi Sara Honorine Riwom Essama Department of Microbiology The University of Yaound 1 Yaound Cameroon Center for the Study and Control of Communicable Diseases (CSCCD) Yaound Cameroon The Institute for Medical Research and Medicinal Plants Studies Yaound Cameroon faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences The University of Yaound I Yaound Cameroon The Pneumology Department Jamot Hospital of Yaound Yaound Cameroon

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the top lethal infectious diseases worldwide. In recent years, interferon-γ (INf-γ) release assays (IGRAs) have been established as routine tests for diagnosing TB infection. However, produced INf-γ assessment cannot permit to distinguish active ATB from latent TB infection (LTBI), especially in TB epidemic areas. In addition to IfN-γ, interleukin-2 (IL-2), secreted by activated T cells, is involved in immune response against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. This could be involved in the follow up of treatment response. The aim of our study was to determine IfN-γ and IL2 cytokines profiles of patients under antituberculosis treatment. Materials and Methods: A six months’ cross-sectional study was conducted at the Jamot Hospital of Yaoundé, from May to August 2021. Sociodemographic and clinical data as well as 5 mL of blood were collected from each participant. INf-γ and IL-2 were determined using indirect Enzyme linked Immuno-Sorbent Assay (ELISA) according to the manufacturer’s recommendations and spectrum exam in combination with radiography and GeneXpert were used as standard. P-values Results: The results showed that men were more infected 14/61 (31.8%) with a high presence in active and resistant TB groups. The mean age was 41.3 ± 13.1 years with a 95% CI = [38.2 - 44.7], the age group with the highest infection rate was ranged between 31 and 40 years. The IL-2 and INf-γ means were respectively 327.6 ± 160.6 pg/mL and 26.6 ± 13.0 pg/mL in ATB patients, 251.1 ± 30.9 pg/mL and 21.4 ± 9.2 pg/mL in patients with resistant tuberculosis, while it was 149.3 ± 93.3 pg/mL and 17.9 ± 9.4 pg/mL in cured patients, 15.1 ± 8.4 pg/mL and 5.3 ± 2.6 pg/mL in participants presumed healthy (p γ and IL-2rates were observed between the different groups. Conclusion: Monitoring the serum levels of INf-γ and IL-2 would be useful for the follow-up of anti-tuberculosis patients, particularly in the both cytokines association case.

关键词： Tuberculosis Antituberculosis Treatment INf-γ IL-2 ELISA

Contribution to the Optimization of the Transient Stability of an Electric Power Transmission Network Using a Universal Power flow Compensator Controlled by a Three-Stage Inverter

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World Journal of Engineering and Technology 2020年第4期8卷 675-688页

作者： koko koko Joseph Nneme Nneme Léandre Ndjakomo Essiane Salomé Laboratory of Computer and Automatic Engineering UFD of Engineering Sciences ENSET University of Douala Douala Cameroon Higher Normal School of Technical Education ENSET of EBOLOWA University of Yaoundé Yaoundé Cameroon

The use of an electrical network as close as possible to its limits can lead to its instability in the event of a high amplitude disturbance. The damping of system oscillations can be achieved by conventional means of voltage and speed regulation but also by fACTS (flexible AC Transmission Systems) devices, which are increasingly used in power networks. In this work, optimal control coordination between a hybrid power flow controller and a three-level inverter was used to improve the transient stability of a transmission line. The UPfC is a combination of a serial compensator (SSSC) and a parallel compensator (STATCOM) both connected to a DC-LINK DC bus. The SSSC acts as a voltage source for the network and injects a voltage that can be adjusted in phase and amplitude in addition to the network voltage;the STATCOM acts as a current source. The approach used is tested in the Matlab Simulink environment on a single machine network. Optimal controller tuning gives a better transient stability improvement by reducing the transport angle oscillations from 248.17% to 9.85%.

关键词： fACTS UPfC Three-Stage Inverter PI Power Transit Transient Stability

Comparative Analysis of Hybrid Controllers of Done Systems (UPfC) and Interphase Power Regulators Type RPI 30p15 on Contingency Management in Electrical Networks

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World Journal of Engineering and Technology 2021年第3期9卷 708-726页

作者： koko koko Joseph Nneme Nneme Léandre Ndjakomo Essiane Salomé Batassou Guilzia Jeannot Laboratory of Computer and Automatic Engineering UFD of Engineering Sciences ENSET University of Douala Douala Cameroon Higher Normal School of Technical Education ENSET of EBOLOWA University of Yaoundé 1 Yaoundé Cameroon

The aim of this work is to demonstrate that interphase power regulators (IPR) bring new and interesting ultra-solutions that complement those already taken into account by the fACTS (flexible Alternative Transmission ... 详细信息

The aim of this work is to demonstrate that interphase power regulators (Ifont-family:"">PR) bring new and interesting ultra-solutions that complement those already taken into account by the fACTS (flexible Alternative Transmission System) in the resolution of the problems related to the power flow in the AC transmission networks. In order to facilitate the understanding of this work, a comparative study of the performances of the two technologies between the UPfC (Unified Power flow Controller) and RPI was carried out and at the end of which we were able to highlight the preponderance of RPI compared to the UPfC in the bypassing of the short-circuit fault insofar as the latter allows, in particular, an increase in the transformation capacity without an increase in the level of the short-circuit. The decoupled watt-var method has been used to control the UPfC while the RPI is controlled by phase shift. The simulation results are obtained in the Matlab Simulink environment and show the flexibility of the RPI compared to the UPfC in limiting strong contingencies.

关键词： Transmission Line High Contingency fACTS PST TCPST UPfC Three-Leg RPI 30P15 Phase-Shifting Transformer Modeling

Bimetallic Oxyhydroxide as a High-Performance Water Oxidation Electrocatalyst under Industry-Relevant Conditions

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Engineering 2021年第9期7卷 1306-1312页

作者： Jiaxin Yuan Xiaodi Cheng Chaojun Lei Bin Yang Zhongjian Li Kun Luo K.H.koko Lam Lecheng Lei Yang Hou Kostya Ken Ostrikov Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of the Ministry of Education College of Chemical and Biological EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China Institute of Zhejiang University–Quzhou Quzhou 324000China State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China Department of Electrical Engineering The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong Kong 999077China School of Chemistry Physicsand Mechanical EngineeringQueensland University of TechnologyBrisbaneQLD 4001Australia

Developing high-performing oxygen evolution reaction(OER)electrocatalysts under high-current operation conditions is critical for future commercial applications of alkaline water electrolysis for clean energy ***,we prepared a three-dimensional(3D)bimetallic oxyhydroxide hybrid grown on a Ni foam(NifeOOH/Nf)prepared by immersing Ni foam(Nf)into fe(NO_(3))_(3) *** this unique 3D structure,the NifeOOH/Nf hybrid was composed of crystalline Ni(OH)_(2) and amorphous feOOH evenly grown on the Nf *** a bimetallic oxyhydroxide electrocatalyst,the NifeOOH/Nf hybrid exhibited excellent catalytic activity,surpassing not only the other reported Ni–fe based electrocatalysts,but also the commercial Ir/C *** situ electrochemical Raman spectroscopy demonstrated the active feOOH and NiOOH phases involved in the OER *** from the synergy of fe and Ni catalytic sites,the NifeOOH/Nf hybrid delivered an outstanding OER performance under challenging industrial conditions in a 10.0 mol·L^(-1) KOH electrolyte at 80℃,requiring potentials as small as 1.47 and 1.51 V to achieve the super-high catalytic current densities of 100 and 500mA∙cm^(-2),respectively.

关键词： Bimetallic oxyhydroxide 3D hybrid Electrocatalysis Oxygen evolution reaction High current density

Lane Keeping Algorithm for Off-The-Shelf Wide-Angle Camera

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Instrumentation 2019年第2期6卷 49-62页

作者： Kyaw koko HTET Kok Kiong TAN Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering National University of SingaporeSingapore 117583

Automobile accidents cost over a trillion-do llar every year and this figure will continue increasing without employing new technological *** these solutions,the automated lane-keeping system is one of the promising ones and such a system consists of two essential technologies:road detection and steering *** this paper,novel lane keeping algorithms are proposed and are implemented using only a single off-the-shelf wide-angle camera as *** implemented system is verified,through both simulation and experiments,and is found providing satisfactory performance for an automated lane-keeping *** compared to the state-of-the-art lane-keeping systems,the implemented system can perform consistently across various ambient light conditions including the most challenging ones.

关键词： Automotive accidents Autonomous driving Road detection Steering control Lane detection Lane keeping Sensing with mono camera