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morphological traits explain the individual position within resource-consumer networks of a Neotropical marsupial

Current Zoology 2024年第4期70卷 453-464页

作者： Nicholas f.de Camargo Hernani f.m.de Oliveira Juliana f.ribeiro Amabilio J.A.de Camargo Emerson m.Vieira Laboratorio de Ecologia de Vertebrados Departamento de EcologiaInstituto de Ciencias BiologicasUniversidade de BrasiliaCP 04457BrasiliaDF70910-900Brazil departamento de Zoologia Setor de Ciencias BiologicasUniversidade Federal do ParanaAvenida Coronel Francisco Heraclito dos Santos100CuritibaPR81531980Brazil Embrapa Cerrados Rodovia BR020km 18CP 08223PlanaltinaDE73310-970Brazil

Knowledge regarding the influence of individual traits on interaction patterns in nature can help understand the topological role of individuals within a network of intrapopulation *** tested hypotheses on the relationships between individuals'positions within networks(specialization and centrality)of 4 populations of the mouse opossum Gracilinanus agilis and their traits(i.e.,body length,body condition,tail length relative to body length,sex,reproductive condition,and botfly parasitism)and also seasonal effects in the Brazilian *** with lower body length,better body condition,and relatively shorter tail were more specialized(i.e.,less connected within the network).Individuals were also more specialized and less connected during the warm-wet *** relationship between individuals'position in the network and body traits,however,was independent of *** propose that specialization may arise not only as a result of preferred feed-ing strategies by more capable individuals(i.e.,those with better body condition and potentially prone to defend and access high-quality food resources)but alsobecause of morphological ***/younger individuals(consequently with less experience in foraging)and short-tailed individuals(less skilled to explore the vertical strata of the vegetation)would feed only on a subset of the available food resources and consequently become more ***,individuals are more specialized during the warm-wet season because of high competition(population-dense period)and higher ecological opportunities(resource-rich period).Therefore,our study reveals the relevance of individual traits inshaping interactionpatternsandspecialization inpopulations.

关键词： bodytraits centrality Cerrado Gracilinanus agilis seasonality specialization.

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Optimal risk Sharing for maxmin Choquet Expected Utility model

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Acta mathematicae Applicatae Sinica 2024年第2期40卷 430-444页

作者： de-jian TIAN Shang-ri WU School of mathematics China University of Mining and TechnologyXuzhou 221116China

This article analyzes the Pareto optimal allocations,agreeable trades and agreeable bets under the maxmin Choquet expected utility(mCEU)*** provide several useful characterizations for Pareto optimal allocations for risk averse *** derive the formulation descriptions for non-existence agreeable trades or agreeable bets for risk neutral *** build some relationships between ex-ante stage and interim stage on agreeable trades or bets when new information arrives.

关键词： maxmin Choquet expected utility model Pareto optimal allocation agreeable trade agreeable bet

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RANKL inhibition reduces lesional cellularity and Gαs variant expression and enables osteogenic maturation in fibrous dysplasia

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Bone Research 2024年第1期12卷 165-179页

作者： Luis f.de Castro Jarred m.Whitlock Zachary michel Kristen Pan Jocelyn Taylor Vivian Szymczuk Brendan Boyce Daniel martin Vardit Kram Rebeca Galisteo Kamran melikov Leonid V.Chernomordik michael T.Collins Alison m.Boyce Skeletal Disorders and mineral Homeostasis Section National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial ResearchNational Institutes of HealthBethesdaMDUSA Section on membrane Biology Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human DevelopmentNational Institutes of HealthBethesdaMDUSA metabolic Bone Disorders Unit National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial ResearchNational Institutes of HealthBethesdaMDUSA department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery The Johns Hopkins Medical InstitutionsBaltimoreMDUSA department of Pathology and Laboratory medicine University of Rochester Medical CenterRochesterNYUSA NIDCR Genomics and Computational Biology Core National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial ResearchNational Institutes of HealthBethesdaMDUSA

fibrous dysplasia(fD)is a rare,disabling skeletal disease for which there are no established *** evidence supports inhibiting the osteoclastogenic factor receptor activator of nuclear kappa-B ligand(RANKL)as a potential treatment *** this study,we investigated the mechanisms underlying RANKL inhibition in fD tissue and its likely indirect effects on osteoprogenitors by evaluating human fD tissue pre-and post-treatment in a phase 2 clinical trial of.denosumab(NCT03571191)and in m.rine in vivo and ex vivo preclinical *** analysis of human and mouse tissue demonstrated increased osteogenic maturation,reduced cellularity,and reduced expression of the pathogenic Gαs variant in fD lesions after RANKL *** sequencing of human and mouse tissue supported these *** interaction between osteoclasts and mutant osteoprogenitors was further assessed in an ex vivo lesion model,which indicated that the proliferation of abnormal fD osteoprogenitors was dependent on *** results from this study demonstrated that,in addition to its expected antiosteoclastic effect,denosumab reduces fD lesion activity by decreasing fD cell proliferation and increasing osteogenic maturation,leading to increased bone formation within *** findings highlight the unappreciated role of cellular crosstalk between osteoclasts and preosteoblasts/osteoblasts as a driver of fD pathology and demonstrate a novel mechanism of action of.denosumab in the treatment of bone disease.

关键词： dysplasia treatment finding

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Highly efficient expression of human extracellular superoxide dismutase(rhEcSOD)with ultraviolet-B-induced damage-resistance activity in transgenic silkworm cocoons

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Insect Science 2024年第4期31卷 1150-1164页

作者： feng Wang ri-Yuan Wang de-Bin Zhong Ping Zhao Qing-You Xia Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China(CHONGQING)Science City Biological Science Research CenterSouthwest UniversityChongqingChina Century Legend Biotechnology Research Institute(Chongqing)Co. Ltd.ChongqingChina

Extracellular superoxide dismutase(EcSOD)protects tissues from oxidative stress,and thus is considered as a therapeutic agent for many diseases such as atherosclerosis,hypertension,and ***,cost-effective production of bioactive recombinant human EcSOD(rhEcSOD)remains a ***,we developed an efficient strategy for producing active rhEcSOD by transgenic *** was successfully synthesized as homodimers and homotetramers in the middle silk gland and spun into the cocoons with a concentration of 9.48±0.21 mg/*** of rhEcSOD from the cocoons could be conveniently achieved with a purity of 99.50%and a yield of 3.5±0.5 mg/***,N-glycosylation at the only site of N89 in rhEcSOD with 10 types were *** purified rhEcSOD gained the potent enzymatic activity of 4162±293 U/mg after Cu/Zn ions *** importantly,rhEcSOD was capable of penetrating and accumulating in the nuclei of cells to maintain cell morphology and attenuate ultraviolet B-induced cell apoptosis by eliminating reactive oxygen species and inhibiting the C-Jun N-terminal kinase signaling *** results demonstrated that the transgenic silkworm could successfully produce rhEcSOD with enzymatic and biological activities for biomedical applications.

关键词： antioxidant human extracellular superoxide dismutase recombinant expression silkworm silk gland

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Influence of indoor airflow on airborne disease transmission in a classroom

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Building Simulation 2024年第3期17卷 355-370页

作者： mojtaba Zabihi ri Li Joshua Brinkerhoff School of Engineering Faculty of Applied ScienceUniversity of British ColumbiaKelownaCanada

It has been widely accepted that the most effective way to mitigate airborne disease transmission in an indoor space is to increase the ventilation airflow,measured in air change per hour(ACH).However,increasing ACH did not effectively prevent the spread of *** better understand the role of ACH and airflow large-scale patterns,a comprehensive fully transient computational fluid dynamics(CfD)simulation of two-phase flows based on a discrete phase model(DPm)was performed in a university classroom setting with people *** investigations encompass various particle sizes,ventilation layouts,and flow *** findings demonstrated that the particle size threshold at which particles are deemed airborne is highly influenced by the background flow strength and large-scale flow pattern,ranging from 5µm to 10µm in the cases *** effects of occupants are significant and must be precisely accounted for in respiratory particle transport *** enhanced ventilation design(UfAD-CDR)for university classrooms is introduced that places a premium on mitigating airborne disease *** to the baseline design at the same ACH,this design successfully reduced the maximum number density of respiratory particles by up to 85%.A novel airflow-related parameter,Horizontality,is introduced to quantify and connect the large-scale airflow pattern with indoor aerosol *** underscores that ACH alone cannot ensure or regulate air *** addition to the necessary ACH for air exchange,minimizing horizontal bulk motion is essential for reducing aerosol transmissibility within the room.

关键词： aerosol transmission airflow pattern horizontality COVID-19 simulation classroom ventilation

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Understanding the Recovery of the Intervertebral Disc:A Comprehensive Review of In Vivo and In Vitro Studies

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2024年第4期21卷 1919-1948页

作者： faten feki fahmi Zaïri Abderrahman Tamoud melissa moulart Rym Taktak Nader Haddar fahed Zaïri Sfax University ENISMaterials Engineering and Environment Laboratory3038SfaxTunisia University of Lille IMT Nord EuropeJUNIAUniversity of ArtoisULR 4515-LGCgELaboratoire de Génie Civil et geo-Environnement59000LilleFrance PrediTwins Lab 59000LilleFrance Japet medical device 59000LilleFrance Sfax University ENISLaboratory of Advanced Materials3038SfaxTunisia Ramsay Générale de Santé Hôpital PrivéLe Bois59000LilleFrance

Within the consistent daily rhythm of human life,intervertebral discs endure a variety of complex loads beyond the influences of gravity and muscle forces,leading to significant morphological changes(in terms of volume,area,and height)as well as biomechanical alterations,including an increase in disc stiffness and a decrease in intradiscal ***,the discs demonstrate an ability to regain their original morphological and biomechanical characteristics after a period of nocturnal *** preservation of normal disc function is critically dependent on this recovery phase,which serves to forestall premature disc *** phenomenon of disc recovery has been extensively documented through numerous in vivo studies employing advanced clinical techniques such as magnetic Resonance Imaging(mri),stadiometry,and intradiscal pressure ***,the findings from in vitro studies present a more complex picture,with reports varying between full recovery and only partial recuperation of the disc ***,research focusing on degenerated discs in vitro has shed light on the quantifiable impact of.degeneration on the disc ability to *** dynamics within the disc are considered a primary factor in recovery,yet the disc intricate multiscale structure and its viscoelastic properties also play key *** elements interact in complex ways to influence the recovery mechanism,particularly in relation to the overall health of the *** objective of this review is to collate,analyze,and critically evaluate the existing body of in vivo and in vitro research on this topic,providing a comprehensive understanding of disc recovery *** understanding offers a blueprint for future advancements in medical treatments and bionic engineering solutions designed to mimic,support,and enhance the natural recovery processes of intervertebral discs.

关键词： Intervertebral disc Recovery In vivo vs.in vitro studies degeneration Viscoelastic effects fluid dynamics

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Control and vibration analyses of a sandwich doubly curved micro-composite shell with honeycomb,truss,and corrugated cores based on the fourth-order shear deformation theory

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Applied mathematics and mechanics(English Edition) 2024年第10期45卷 1773-1790页

作者： f.SHIRdeLAN m.mOHAmmADImEHR f.BARGOZINI department of Solid mechanics Faculty of Mechanical EngineeringUniversity of KashanKashan 87317-53153Iran

Curved shells are increasingly utilized in applied engineering due to their shared characteristics with other sandwich structures,flexibility,and attractive ***,the inability of controlling and regulating vibrations and destroying them afterward is a challenge to *** this paper,the curve shell equations and a linear quadratic regulator are adopted for the state feedback design to manage the structure vibrations in state space forms.A five-layer sandwich doubly curved micro-composite shell,com.rising two piezoelectric layers for the sensor and actuator,is modeled by the fourth-order shear deformation *** core(honeycomb,truss,and corrugated)is analyzed for the bearing of transverse shear *** results show that the honeycomb core has a greater effect on the *** the parameters related to the core and the weight percentage of graphene increase,the frequency *** uniform distribution of graphene platelets results in the lowest natural frequency while the natural frequency ***,without taking into account the piezoelectric layers,the third-order shear deformation theory(TSDT)and fourth-order shear deformation theory(fOSDT)align ***,when the piezoelectric layers are incorporated,these two theories diverge significantly,with the frequencies in the fOSDT being lower than those in the TSDT.

关键词： vibration and control doubly curved shell micro-composite honeycomb truss corrugate core

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The viscous strip approach to simplify the calculation of the surface acoustic wave generated streaming

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Applied mathematics and mechanics(English Edition) 2024年第4期45卷 711-724页

作者： f.JAZINI DORCHEH m.GHASSEmI fuel Cells and Nano Systems(fCNS)Laboratory Department of Mechanical EngineeringK.N.Toosi University of TechnologyTehran 19697Iran

In recent decades,the importance of surface acoustic waves,as a biocompatible tool to integrate with microfluidics,has been proven in various medical and biological *** num.rical modeling of acoustic streaming caused by surface acoustic waves in microchannels requires the effect of viscosity to be considered in the equations which complicates the *** this paper,it is shown that the major contribution of viscosity and the horizontal component of actuation is concentrated in a narrow region alongside the actuation *** the inviscid equations are considerably easier to solve,a division into the viscous and inviscid domains would alleviate the computational load *** particles'traces calculated by this approximation are excellently alongside their counterparts from the completely viscous *** is also shown that the optimum thickness for the viscous strip is about 9-fold the acoustic boundary layer thickness for various flow patterns and amplitudes of actuation.

关键词： surface acoustic wave microfluidics num.rical simulation particle tracing acoustic streaming

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Influence of curing conditions on the shrinkage behavior of three-dimensional printed concrete formwork

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frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2024年第8期18卷 1225-1236页

作者： m.BEKAERT K.van TITTELBOOm G.de SCHUTTER magnel-Vandepitte Laboratory for structural Engineering and Building materials Department of Structural Engineering and Building MaterialsFaculty of Engineering and ArchitectureGhent UniversityGhent 60 B-9052Belgium

The use of three-dimensional(3D)printed concrete as formwork is becoming more widely applied within the ***,the technology is still not optimized and there are many reports of preliminary cracking during the curing of cast *** is believed to result from differential shrinkage between the printed and cast *** cracks(in the printed concrete or at the interface between the infill and printed concrete)form a preferential path for aggressive substances and can reduce the durability of the combined concrete *** ensure the desired service life of the structure,it is important that the differential shrinkage between cast and printed concrete is *** study investigated the effect of curing conditions on the differential shrinkage behavior of 3D and cast *** influence of prewetting of the dry-cured 3D printed formwork was also *** the experimental program,a vibrated and self-compacting concrete were used as cast *** 3D printed formwork was produced and combined with cast concrete to simulate a concrete *** formwork was cured for 1,7,or 28 d exposed to the air(relative humidity:60%or 95%)or submerged in *** length change of the combined elements was observed over 56 d after concrete casting and throughout the thickness of the *** show that increasing the curing period in dry conditions of the printed concrete leads to an expansion of the formwork on the first day after *** expansion leads to a non-uniform strain evolution throughout the curing period of the combined *** concrete formwork stored in wet conditions does not expand after the casting process but tends to show a decreasing linear deformation within the whole elements.

关键词： 3D concrete printing formwork shrinkage curing

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Selective and asymmetric ion transport in covalent organic framework-based two-dimensional nanofluidic devices

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International Journal of Smart and Nano materials 2024年第1期15卷 186-197页

作者： Li-Qiu Huang Shuang Chen ri-Jian mo Zhong-Qiu Li Xing-Hua Xia State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringNanjing UniversityNanjingChina

Two-dimensional(2D)covalent organic framework(COf)mem-branes featuring well-aligned and programmable vertical nano-channels have emerged as a promising candidate for advanced nanofluidic devices and showcased vast potential in the fields of smart-gating,ion-separation,and ***,the transverse interlayer nanochannels with a height of sub-nanometer-scale in 2D-COf membranes have scarcely been studied in ***,we report the ion transport characteristics in 2D interlayer nanochannels of protonated Cof *** dis-tinct surface-charge-governed ionic conductance in domination of electrolyte concentration below 1o-3 m as well as the exceptional anion/cation(Cl^(-)/K^(+))selectivity is revealed due to the pronounced charge and nano-confinement ***,evident ion current rectification is witnessed when incorporating asymmetric geometry into the system,which is attributed to the dynamic process of ion enrichment and dissipation within the protonated *** work offers immense prospects for 2D-COf membranes in the fields of biomimetic nanofluidic devices and cutting-edge electronic devices.

关键词： Two-dimensional covalent organic framework interlayernanochannels ion transport characteristics nanofluidic device

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