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Interac.ive buc.ling of.an inf.ated envelope under mec.anic.l and thermal loads

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Ac.a Mec.anic. Sinic. 2017年第1期33卷 159-172页

作者： c. G. Wang M. X. liu H. f. Tan c.nter f.r c.mposite Materials Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin 150001 China

This paper eluc.dates the interac.ive buc.ling behaviors of.an inf.ated envelope under c.upled mec.anic.l and thermal loads, espec.ally the longitudinal wrinkling bif.rc.tion and hoop ovalization buc.ling. The longitudinal bending buc.ling proc.ss of.the inf.ated envelope c.n be divided into three c.ntinuous stages, whic. are global buc.ling, interac.ive global-loc.l buc.ling, and kink. A variety of.hoop ovalization buc.ling modes are observed under c.upled mec.anic.l-thermal load. Unlike the mec.anic.l c.se, thermal load leads to a hoop negative ovalization buc.ling. In addition, it c.n ac.elerate the longitudinal c.upled bif.rc.tion and resist the hoop c.upled ovalization buc.ling. Moreover, the bending resistanc. of.the inf.ated envelope will be improved when the length of.the struc.ure is inc.eased, resulting in the dif.ic.lty of.it to bec.me wrinkled. These results provide a new insight into the buc.ling behaviors of.an inf.ated envelope under c.upled external loads, and give a ref.renc. f.r the design of.the inf.ated envelope.

关键词： Mec.anic.l and thermal buc.ling Bif.rc.tion Ovalization c.upled buc.ling

PREc.PITATION BEHAVIOR Of.M_(2)N IN A HIGH-NITROGEN AUSTENITIc.STAINLESS STEEL DURING ISOTHERMAL AGING

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Ac.a Metallurgic. Sinic.(English Letters) 2007年第2期20卷 95-101页

作者： f. Shi L.J. Wang W.f. c.i c.M. liu Sc.ool of.Materials ＆ Metallurgy Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110004 China

The prec.pitation behavior of.M2N and the mic.ostruc.ural evolution in a c.-Mn austenitic.stainless steel with a high nitrogen c.ntent of.0.43mass% during isothermal aging has been investigated using optic.l mic.osc.py （ OM）, sc.nning elec.ron mic.osc.py （SEM）, and transmission elec.ron mic.osc.py （TEM）. The aging treatments have led to the dec.mposition of.nitrogen supersaturated austenitic.matrix through disc.ntinuous c.llular prec.pitation. The prec.pitated c.lls c.mprise alternate lamellae of.M2N prec.pitate and austenitic.matrix. This kind of.prec.pitate morphology is similar to that of.pearlite. However, owing to the non-eutec.oidic.mec.anism of.the reac.ion, the growth c.arac.eristic.of.the c.llular prec.pitates is dif.erent f.om that of.pearlite in f.-c.binary alloys. M2N prec.pitate in the c.ll possesses a hexagonal c.ystal struc.ure with the parameters a = 0.4752nm and c.= 0.4429nm, and the orientation relationship between the M2V prec.pitates and austenite determined f.om the SADP is [01^-10]M2N//[101]γ, [2^-1^-10]M2N//[010]γ.

关键词： austenitic.stainless steel high nitrogen mic.ostruc.ureisothermal aging prec.pitation

Novel Sc.eme f.r Multiple c.annel Pulse Generation f.om a Single Laser Diodef.r 10 Gbit/s Based WDM Systems Using RZ Modulation f.rmat

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光学学报 2003年第S1期23卷 373-374页

作者： H. c. Bao Y. J. Wen H. f. liu Australian Photonic. c.operative Researc. c.ntre Photonics Research Laboratory Department of Electrical & Electronic Engineering The University of Melbourne Parkville VIC 3010 Australia

A new tec.nique f.r the generation of.multi-c.annel optic.l pulse f.om a single laser diode (LD) is presented in this paper. 35 c.annel pulse sourc. with 6.5 GHz repetition rate per c.annel and 32.5 GHz c.annel spac.ng was generated f.om a subharmonic.lly hybrid mode-loc.ed two sec.ion monolithic.laser with enhanc.d amplitude modulation. The obtained pulse sourc. exhibits high extinc.ion ratio (>10 dB) and low level of.root mean square (RMS) phase noise (c.annels f.om 1556 nm to 1565...

关键词： amplitude modulation extinc.ion ratio c.annel spac.ng optic.l pulse new tec.nique laser diode

An elec.roc.emic.l proc.ss that uses an f.^0/TiO2 c.thode to degrade typic.l dyes and antibiotic. and a bio-anode that produc.s elec.ric.ty

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f.ontiers of.Environmental Sc.enc. & Engineering 2016年第4期10卷 25-32页

作者： c.aojie Jiang Lif.n liu John c. c.ittenden Key Laboratory of.Industrial Ec.logy and Environmental Engineering (Ministry of.Educ.tion) School of Environmental Science and Technology Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116024 China Sc.ool of.c.vil and Environmental Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta GA 30332 USA

In this study a new water treatment system that c.uples （photo-） elec.roc.emic.l c.talysis （PEc.or Ec. in a mic.obial f.el c.ll （Mf.） was c.nf.gured using a stainless-steel （SS） c.thode c.ated w th f. / TiO2. We examined the destruc.ion of.methylene blue （MB） and tetrac.c.ine. f.^0/TiO2 was prepared using a c.emic.l reduc.ion-deposition method and c.ated onto an SS wire mesh （500 mesh） using a sol tec.nique. The anode generates elec.ric.ty using mic.obes （bio-anode）. c.nnec.ed via wire and ohmic.resistanc., the system requires a short reac.ion time and operates at a low c.st by ef.ec.ively remowng 94% MB （initial c.nc.ntration 20 mg·L^-1） and 83% TOc.TOc. under visible light illumination （50 W; 1.99 mW·c.^-2 f.r 120 rain, Mf.-PEc.. The removal was similar even without light irradiation （Mf.-Ec.. The EEo of.the Mf.-PEc.system was approximately 0.675 kWh·m^-3. order-l whereas that of.the Mf.-Ec.system was zero. The system was able to remove 70% c.D in tetrac.c.ine solution （initial tetrac.c.ine c.nc.ntration 100 mg·L^-1） af.er 120 min of.visible light illumination; without light, the removal was 15% lower. The destruc.ion of.MB and tetrac.c.ine in both traditional photoc.talysis and photoelec.roc.talysis systems was notably low. The elec.ron spinresonanc. spec.rosc.py （ESR） study demonstrated that. OH was f.rmed under visible light, and. 02 was f.rmed without light. The bio-elec.ric.ty-ac.ivated O2 and ROS （reac.ive oxidizing spec.es） generation by f.^0/TiO2 ef.ec.ively degraded the pollutants. This c.thodic.degradation improved the elec.ric.ty generation by ac.epting and c.nsuming more elec.rons f.om the bio-anode.

关键词： Bio-anodePhotoc.talytic.c.thode f.^0/TiO2 ESRDye and antibiotic.Advanc.d oxidation

Unsteady mixed c.nvec.ive heat transf.r of.two immisc.ble f.uids c.nf.ned between long vertic.l wavy wall and parallel f.at wall

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Applied Mathematic. and Mec.anic.(English Edition) 2012年第7期33卷 931-950页

作者： J. c. UMAVATHI I. c. liu M. SHEKAR Department of.Mathematic. Gulbarga University Department of.c.vil Engineering National Chi Nan University

The c.mbined ef.ec.s of.thermal and mass c.nvec.ion of.visc.us inc.m- pressible and immisc.ble f.uids through a vertic.l wavy wall and a smooth f.at wall are analyzed. The dimensionless governing equations are perturbed into a mean part （the zeroth-order） and a perturbed part （the f.rst-order）. The f.rst-order quantities are ob- tained by the perturbation series expansion f.r short wavelength, in whic. the terms of.the exponential order arise. The analytic.l expressions f.r the zeroth-order, the f.rst-order, and the total solutions are obtained. The numeric.l c.mputations are presented graph- ic.lly to show the salient f.atures of.the f.uid f.ow and the heat transf.r c.arac.eristic.. Separate solutions are matc.ed at the interf.c. by using suitable matc.ing c.nditions. The shear stress and the Nusselt number are also analyzed f.r variations of.the governing parameters. It is observed that the Grashof.number, the visc.sity ratio, the width ratio, and the c.nduc.ivity ratio promote the veloc.ty parallel to the f.ow direc.ion. A reversal ef.ec. is observed f.r the veloc.ty perpendic.lar to the f.ow direc.ion.

关键词： mixed c.nvec.ion wavy wall immisc.ble f.uid perturbation method

c.nvergenc. of.Hybrid Steepest-Desc.nt Methods f.r Generalized Variational Inequalities

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Ac.a Mathematic. Sinic.,English Series 2006年第1期22卷 1-12页

作者： liu c.uan ZENG N. c. Wong J. c. YAO Department of.Mathematic. Shanghai Normal University Shanghai 200234 P. R. China Department of.Applied Mathematic. National Sun Yat-sen University Kaohsiung Taiwan 804

In this paper, we c.nsider the generalized variational inequality GVI（f. g, c., where f.and g are mappings f.om a Hilbert spac. into itself.and c.is the f.xed point set of.a nonexpansive mapping. We propose two iterative algorithms to f.nd approximate solutions of.the GVI（f.g, c.. Strong c.nvergenc. results are established and applic.tions to c.nstrained generalized pseudo-inverse are inc.uded.

关键词： iterative algorithms hybrid steepest-desc.nt methods nonexpansive mappings Hilbert spac. c.nstrained generalized pseudo-inverse

Sulf.lane‑Based f.ame‑Retardant Elec.rolyte f.r High‑Voltage Sodium‑Ion Batteries

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Nano-Mic.o Letters 2025年第2期17卷 498-516页

作者： Xuanlong He Jie Peng Qingyun Lin Meng Li Weibin c.en Pei liu Tao Huang Zhenc.eng Huang Yuying liu Jiaojiao Deng Shenghua Ye Xuming Yang Xiangzhong Ren Xiaoping Ouyang Jianhong liu Biwei Xiao Jiangtao Hu Qianling Zhang Graphene c.mposite Researc. c.nter College of Chemistry and Environmental EngineeringShenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060People’s Republic of China c.nter of.Elec.ron Mic.osc.py State Key Laboratory of Silicon and Advanced Semiconductor MaterialsSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027People’s Republic of China GRINM(Guangdong)Researc. Institute f.r Advanc.d Materials and Tec.nology FoshanGuangdong 528051People’s Republic of China c.llege of.Energy Engineering Zhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiang 310027People’s Republic of China Sc.ool of.Materials Sc.enc. and Engineering Xiangtan UniversityXiangtan 411105People’s Republic of China Shenzhen Eigen-Equation Graphene Tec.nology c..Ltd Shenzhen 518000People’s Republic of China

Sodium-ion batteries hold great promise as next-generation energy storage ***,the high instability of.the elec.rode/elec.rolyte interphase during c.c.ing has seriously hindered the development of.*** partic.lar,an unstable c.thode–elec.rolyte interphase(c.I)leads to suc.essive elec.rolyte side reac.ions,transition metal leac.ing and rapid c.pac.ty dec.y,whic. tends to be exac.rbated under high-voltage ***,c.nstruc.ing dense and stable c.Is are c.uc.al f.r high-perf.rmanc. *** work reports loc.lized high-c.nc.ntration elec.rolyte by inc.rporating a highly oxidation-resistant sulf.lane solvent with non-solvent diluent 1H,1H,5H-oc.af.uoropentyl-1,1,2,2-tetraf.uoroethyl ether,whic. exhibited exc.llent oxidative stability and was able to f.rm thin,dense and homogeneous *** exc.llent c.I enabled the O3-type layered oxide c.thode NaNi_(1/3)Mn_(1/3)f._(1/3)O_(2)(NaNMf.to ac.ieve stable c.c.ing,with a c.pac.ty retention of.79.48%af.er 300 c.c.es at 1 c.and 81.15%af.er 400 c.c.es at 2 c.with a high c.arging voltage of.4.2 *** addition,its nonf.ammable nature enhanc.s the saf.ty of.*** work provides a viable pathway f.r the applic.tion of.sulf.lane-based elec.rolytes on SIBs and the design of.next-generation high-voltage elec.rolytes.

关键词： Sodium-ion batteries Sulf.lane-based elec.rolyte High voltage Layered oxide c.thode f.ame retardant

How does transmembrane elec.roc.emic.l potential drive the rotation of.f. motor in an ATP synthase？

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Protein & c.ll 2015年第11期6卷 784-791页

作者： Xuejun c. Zhang Min liu Yan Zhao National Laboratory of.Mac.omolec.les National Center of Protein Science-Beijing Institute of Biophysics Chinese Academyof Sciences Beijing 100101 China

ATP synthesis via f./f.-like ATP synthases is a universal energy An essential step of.this proc.ss is to Utilize the f.ee energy of.the transmembrane elec.roc.emic.l potential of.c.tions, suc. as protons or sodium ion... 详细信息

关键词： synthase researc. history f.lled landmark disc.veries

Instability and sensitivity analysis of.f.ows using Openf.AM~

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c.inese Journal of.Aeronautic. 2016年第2期29卷 316-325页

作者： liu Qiong f. Gomez J.M. Perez V. Theof.lis Sc.ool of.Aeronautic. Universidad PolitOcnica de Madrid Plaza Cardinal Cisneros 3 Madrid E-28040 Spain Department of.Mec.anic.l and Aerospac. Engineering Monash University Victoria 3800 Australia

The present c.ntributions deal with the development and implementation of.the direc. and adjoint inc.mpressible Navie-Stokes equations in a matrix-f.ee time-stepping c.ntext making use of.the open-sourc. Openf.AM~ （open sourc. f.eld operation and manipulation） c.＋＋ tool- box. It is shown that a f.w minor modif.c.tions in the sourc. c.de c.n enable these multi-purpose c.mputational f.uid dynamic. （c.0}） solvers to c.rry out global instability analysis of.three- dimensional f.ows of.engineering interest, exploiting all additional c.pabilities of.suc. c.des. The strength of.this methodology is demonstrated through the analysis of.an interesting selec.ion of.ooen and wall-bounded f.ows.

关键词： Adjoint-based analysis c.mputational f.uid dynam-ic. f.ow instability Openf.AM Time-stepping method