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burden,stress and depression in caregivers of.cirrhosis patients bef.re and af.er liver transplantation

World Journal of.Transplantation 2025年第2期15卷 276-287页

作者： Adriano Virches Mariana b Claudino Maria C Miyazaki Eliane T Miyazaki Renato f.Silva Rita C Silva Heitor b f.rias Neide A Domingos Randolf. Santos Jr Patricia S f.cuta Department of.Psychology School of Medicine of São Josédo Rio Preto(FAMERP/Faculdade de Medicina de São Josédo Rio Preto)São Josédo Rio Preto 15090-000São PauloBrazil Department of.Surgery and Study Group of.Liver Tumors-GETf.and Liver and Small Intestine Transplantation Unit School of Medicine of São Josédo Rio Preto and Base HospitalSão Josédo Rio Preto 15090-000São PauloBrazil Department of.Gastroenterology and Liver and Small Intestine Transplantation Unit School of Medicine of São Josédo Rio Preto and Base HospitalSão Josédo Rio Preto 15090-000São PauloBrazil Stricto Sensu Graduate Program in Psychology Pontifical Catholic University of Minas GeraisBelo Horizonte 32604-115Minas GeraisBrazil Stricto Sensu Graduate Program in Psychology and Health School of Medicine of São Josédo Rio PretoSão Josédo Rio Preto 15090-000São PauloBrazil Department of.Medicine Faceres Medical SchoolSão Josédo Rio Preto 15090-305São PauloBrazil

bACKGROUND f.mily caregivers of.cirrhosis patients(CPs)of.en experience burden,stress,and *** whether these conditions improve f.llowing the patient undergoing liver transplantation(LT)is crucial,as it would elucidate the compre-hensive benef.ts of.the procedure and demonstrate the positive impacts not only on the patients but also on their caregivers and *** To compare the levels of.burden,stress and depression among f.mily caregivers of.cirrhotic and liver transplant *** This cross-sectional observational study evaluated caregivers of.CPs and LT recipients at a quaternary brazilian *** included identif.cation cards,interview scripts,the caregiver burden scale Inventory,Lipp’s Stress Symptom Inventory,and the beck Depression Inventory-Second *** analyses involved conf.rmatory f.ctor analysis and calculation of.McDonald’s omega and composite *** scores were compared with the Mann-Whitney U test,with ef.ect size as the rank-biserial correlation coef.icient(r).Statistical analysis was perf.rmed with R sof.ware(Pf.male(CP:85.7%vs LT:84.6%)and the patients’spouses(76.6%vs 63.1%).The median age and caregiving duration were 55.4(23.3-76.3)vs 54.6(25.7-82.1)and 3.9(1-20)vs 8(1.5-24)years,respectively(P=0.001).LT caregivers were less likely to be at risk of.overload(21.5%vs 49.4%),to be under stress(33.8%vs 36.4%)and to show symptoms of.depression(15.4%vs 35.1%).Compared with LT caregivers,CP caregivers had greater median f.ctor scores f.r burden(general tension,P=0.012;isolation,P=0.014;disappointment,P=0.004),depression(P=0.008),and stress(P=0.047),with small to moderate ef.ect *** disappointment(r=0.240)and depression(r=0.225)dimensions had the largest ef.ect *** f.mily caregivers of.LT recipients are less likely to exhibit symptoms of.burden,stress,and depression,su

关键词： Mental disorders Caregiver burden Psychological stress Depressive disorder Chronic disease Liver cirrhosis Transplant recipients Liver transplantation

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Soil Pore Characterization Using f.ee Sof.ware and a Portable Optical Microscope

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Pedosphere 2013年第4期23卷 503-510页

作者： L. f. PIRES f. S. bORGES S. PASSONI A. b. PEREIRA Department of.Physics State University of Ponta Grossa (UEPG) Department of.Soil Science State University of Ponta Grossa (UEPG)

Total porosity （TP）, determined by image analysis, pore type and pore size distribution were evaluated on impregnated soil blocks f.om an undisturbed brazilian sandy loam soil using a digital portable optical microscope. The f.ee sof.ware Image J （version 1.40g） was used f.r image analysis. Procedures f.r soil image collection and analysis were presented. The image analysis allowed the evaluation of.pore sizes with diameters ranging f.om 20 to 〉 1 000 μm. The f.llowing types of.pores were also obtained： rounded, elongated and intermediate. The results M[owed the characterization of.the soil as moderately porous （TP = 21.6%）. Rounded, intermediate and elongated pores were responsible f.r 11.6%, 31.7% and 56.7% of.TP. In relation to pore size 51.1% of.TP was in the 100-500μm size class and a third of.TP came f.om the pores larger than 500μm.

关键词： image analysis soil porosity soil structure pore size distribution

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Resonance Conversion as the Ef.ective Way of.Triggering the ^（178m2）Hf.Isomer Energy

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Chinese Physics Letters 2006年第8期23卷 2049-2051页

作者： f. f.odor KARPESHIN M. b.TRZHASKOVSKAYA 张景波 Science Center and Department of.Physics Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin 150001 f.ck Institute of.Physics St. Petersburg State University RU-198504 St. Petersburg Russia PNPI RU-198355 St. Petersburg Leningrad District Russia

Experiments on photo-induced de-excitation triggering of.^（178m2）Hf.are revisited. We present an alternative and more ef.ective way of.triggering by exploiting the resonance internal conversion. f.ll theoretical description of.a possible channel is presented. It is theref.re revisited the impact itself.produced by those experiments.

关键词： Resonance Conversion Ef.ective Way

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Closed-f.rm solutions f.r f.ee vibration of.rectangular f.M thin plates resting on elastic f.undation

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 2016年第6期32卷 1088-1103页

作者： T. f. Xu Y. f. Xing Institute of.Solid Mechanics Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191 China China Academy of.Launch Vehicle Technology R&D Center Beijing 100076 China

This article presents closed-f.rm solutions f.r the f.equency analysis of.rectangular f.nctionally graded material (f.M) thin plates subjected to initially in-plane loads and with an elastic f.undation. based on classical thin plate theory, the governing dif.erential equations are derived using Hamilton's principle. A neutral surf.ce is used to eliminate stretching-bending coupling in f.M plates on the basis of.the assumption of.constant Poisson's ratio. The resulting governing equation of.f.M thin plates has the same f.rm as homogeneous thin plates. The separation-of.variables method is adopted to obtain solutions f.r the f.ee vibration problems of.rectangular f.M thin plates with separable boundary conditions, including, f.r example, clamped plates. The obtained normal modes and f.equencies are in elegant closed f.rms, and present f.rmulations and solutions are validated by comparing present results with those in the literature and f.nite element method results obtained by the authors. A parameter study reveals the ef.ects of.the power law index n and aspect ratio a/b on f.equencies.

关键词： f.nctionally graded material f.ee vibration Rectangular plate Close f.rm solutions Neutral surf.ce

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Delayed Ionization and Delayed Detachment in Molecules and Clusters

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Chinese Journal of.Chemical Physics 2009年第2期22卷 162-170页

作者： f. Lépine b. baguenard b. Concina M. A. Lebeault C. bordas Université de Lyon F-69522 Lyon France Université Lyon 1 Villeurbanne CNRS UMR 5579 LASIM

The evolution of.a molecular system excited above its ionization threshold depends on a number of.parameters that include the nature of.the excited states and their couplings to the various continua. The general nature of.the processes governing this evolution depends also essentially on the complexity of.the molecule, more precisely on its size, density of.states, and strength of.the couplings among the various internal degrees of.f.eedom. In this paper we address the question of.the transition between autoionization that prevails in small molecules, and delayed ionization occurring in larger molecules or clusters. This transition is illustrated by autoionization of.Na2 Rydberg states on one hand, delayed ionization in f.llerene C60, and delayed detachment in small cluster anions on the other hand. All processes are studied in the case of.nanosecond laser excitation, corresponding to a rather slow deposition of.the internal energy.

关键词： Autoionization Autodetachment Thermionic emission

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Genetic outcomes f.om the translocations of.the critically endangered woylie

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Current Zoology 2013年第3期59卷 294-310页

作者： Carlo PACIONI Adrian f. WAYNE Peter b. S. SPENCER School of.Veterinary and Lif. Sciences Murdoch University Murdoch 6150 Western Australia Department of.Environment and Conservation Science Division Manjimup 6258 Western Australia

Translocations are an important conservation strategy f.r many species. However simply observing demographic growth of.a translocated population is not suf.icient to inf.r species recovery. Adequate genetic representation of.the source population（s） and their long-term viability should also be considered. The woylie bettongia penicillata ogilbyi has been subject to more f.rmal translocations f.r conservation than any other marsupial that, up until recently, has resulted in one of.the most suc- cessf.l species recoveries in Australia. We used mitochondrial and nuclear DNA markers to assess the genetic outcomes of.trans- located woylie populations. These populations have lost genetic variability, dif.erentiated f.om their source population and the supplementation program on two island populations appears to have f.iled. We discuss the conservation implications that our re- suits have f.r managing threatened species, outline some general recommendations f.r the management of.present and f.ture translocations and discuss the appropriate sampling design f.r the establishment of.new populations or captive breeding programs that may mitigate the genetic ＇erosion＇ seen in our study species. This research provides some practical outcomes and a pragmatic understanding of.translocation biology. The f.ndings are directly applicable to other translocation programs .

关键词： bettongia penicillata Macropod translocation Supplementation Microsatellites mtDNA

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Transverse approach between real world concentrations of.SO_2, NO_2, bTEX, aldehyde emissions and corrosion in the Grand Mare tunnel

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Journal of.Environmental Sciences 2012年第7期24卷 1240-1250页

作者： I. Ameur-bouddabbous J. Kasperek A. barbier f. Harel b. Hannoyer GPM-UMR 6634 CNRS. Uf. Science and Technology University of Rouen BP 12 76801 Saint Etienne du Rouvray Cedex France LCAE Chemistry Department Science Faculty of Tunis Campus Universitaire 2092 El Manar Tunis Tunisie DIRNO Rue de Verdun 76160 Darnetal France

With regard to automotive traf.ic, a tunnel-type semi enclosed atmosphere is characterized by a higher concentration of.gaseous pollutants than on urban traf.ic roads and highlights the gaseous ef.luent species having an impact on material degradation. Theref.re, a transverse approach between air quality and its consequences upon the longevity of.materials is necessary, implying better knowledge of.tunnel atmosphere and a better understanding of.material degradation inside a tunnel f.r operating administration. Gaseous pollutant measurements carried out in a road tunnel in Rouen （Normandy） give the real world traf.ic concentrations of.experimental exposure conditions. The sampling campaigns, achieved in summer and winter include SO2, NO2, bTEX and aldehyde analyses. Ef.luent prof.les in the upward and downward tubes have been established. The current work shows that SO2, NO〉 f.rmaldehyde, acetaldehyde, propanal and butanal must be considered in the degradation process of.materials in a stuf.y environment. As regards NO,, its concentration depends on the modif.cation of.the automotive f.eet. The total aldehyde concentrations indicate no particular trend between the two bores. f.rmaldehyde, acetaldehyde, propanal, butanal and acrolein species are the most abundant species emitted by vehicles and represent 90% to 95% of.the total aldehyde emissions.

关键词： SO2 tunnel study aldehydes NO2 bTEX atmospheric corrosion

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Axial magnetic f.eld ef.ect in numerical analysis of.high power Cherenkov f.ee electron laser

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Chinese Physics b 2019年第6期28卷 176-183页

作者： f.bazoubAND b Maraghechi Department of.Physics Fasa UniversityPost code 74616-86131FasaIran Department of.Physics Manhattanville CollegePurchaseNew York 10577USA

Cherenkov f.ee electron laser(Cf.L) is simulated numerically by using the single particle method to optimize the electron beam. The electron beam is assumed to be moving near the surf.ce of.a f.at dielectric slab along a growing radiation. The set of.coupled nonlinear dif.erential equations of.motion is solved to study the electron dynamics. f.r three sets of.parameters, in high power Cf.L, it is f.und that an axial magnetic f.eld is always necessary to keep the electron beam in the interaction region and its optimal strength is reported f.r each case. At the injection point, the electron beam’s distance above the dielectric surf.ce is kept at a minimum value so that the electrons neither hit the dielectric nor move away f.om it to the weaker radiation f.elds and out of.the interaction region. The optimal electron beam radius and current are thereby calculated. This analysis is in agreement with two previous numerical studies f.r a cylindrical waveguide but is at odds with analytical treatments of.a f.at dielectric that does not use an axial magnetic f.eld. This is backed by an interesting physical reasoning.

关键词： Cherenkov f.ee electron laser axial magnetic f.eld f.at dielectric slab electron beam

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Evaluation of.stress intensity f.ctors f.r bi-material interf.ce cracks using displacement jump methods

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 2017年第6期33卷 1051-1064页

作者： K. C. Nehar b. E. Hachi f. Cazes M. Haboussi Laboratoire de développement en mécanique et matériaux (LDMM) Université de Djelfa PB 3117 Djelfa Algeria Laboratoire des Sciences des Procédés et des Matériaux (LSPM) UPR 3407 CNRS Université Paris 13 Paris France

The aim of.the present work is to investigate the numerical modeling of.interf.cial cracks that may appear at the interf.ce between two isotropic elastic materials. The extended f.nite element method is employed to analyze brittle and bi-material interf.cial f.tigue crack growth by computing the mixed mode stress intensity f.ctors(SIf.. Three dif.erent approaches are introduced to compute the SIf.. In the f.rst one, mixed mode SIf.is deduced f.om the computation of.the contour integral as per the classical J-integral method,whereas a displacement method is used to evaluate the SIf.by using either one or two displacement jumps located along the crack path in the second and third approaches. The displacement jump method is rather classical f.r mono-materials,but has to our knowledge not been used up to now f.r a bimaterial. Hence, use of.displacement jump f.r characterizing bi-material cracks constitutes the main contribution of.the present study. Several benchmark tests including parametric studies are perf.rmed to show the ef.ectiveness of.these computational methodologies f.r SIf.considering static and f.tigue problems of.bi-material structures. It is f.und that results based on the displacement jump methods are in a very good agreement with those of.exact solutions, such as f.r the J-integral method, but with a larger domain of.applicability and a better numerical ef.iciency(less time consuming and less spurious boundary ef.ect).

关键词： bi-material interf.ce crack Mixed mode stress intensity f.ctor Displacement jump X-f.M f.tigue crack growth

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Can Quick Release Experiments Reveal the Muscle Structure？ A bionic Approach

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Journal of.bionic Engineering 2012年第2期9卷 211-223页

作者： D. f. b. Haeuf.e M. Gunther R. blickhan S. Schmitt Institute of.Sports and Exercise-Science University of Stuttgart Allmandring 28 D-70569 Stuttgart Germany Stuttgart Research Centre f.r Simulation Technology （SRC SimTech） University of Stuttgart Pfaffenwaldring 7a D-70569 Stuttgart Germany Institute of.Motion Science Friedrich-Schiller-University Seidelstraβe 20 D-07749 Jena Germany

The goal of.this study was to understand the macroscopic mechanical structure and f.nction of.biological muscle with respect to its dynamic role in the contraction. A recently published muscle model, deriving the hyperbolic f.rce-velocity relation f.om f.rst-order mechanical principles, predicts dif.erent f.rce-velocity operating points f.r dif.erent load situations. With a new approach, this model could be simplif.ed and thus, transf.rred into a numerical simulation and a hardware experiment. Two types of.quick release experiments were perf.rmed in simulation and with the hardware setup, which represent two extreme cases of.the contraction dynamics： against a constant f.rce （isotonic） and against an inertial mass. both experiments revealed hyperbolic or hyperbolic-like f.rce-velocity relations. Interestingly, the analytical model not only predicts these extreme cases, but also additionally all contraction states in between. It was possible to validate these predictions with the numerical model and the hardware experiment. These results prove that the origin of.the hyperbolic f.rce-velocity relation can be mechanically explained on a macroscopic level by the dynamical interaction of.three mechanical elements. The implications f.r the interpretation of.biological muscle experiments and the realization of.muscle-like bionic actuators are discussed.

关键词： f.rce-velocity relation isotonic quick release proof.of.concept artif.cial muscle

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