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Thermo-kinetic characteristics on stabilizing hetero-phase interf.ce of.metal matrix composites by crystal plasticity f.nite element method

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Journal of.Materials Science & Technology 2024年第2期169卷 53-67页

作者： Y.b.Zhang S.J.Song f.Liu State Key Laboratory of.Solidif.cation Processing Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710072China Analytical&Testing Center Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710072China

Using dislocation-based constitutive modeling in three-dimension crystal plasticity f.nite element(3D CPf.)simulations,co-def.rmation and instability of.hetero-phase interf.ce in dif.erent material systems were herein studied f.r polycrystalline metal matrix composites(MMCs).Local stress and strain f.elds in two types of.3layer MMCs such as f.c/f.c Cu-Ag and f.c/bcc Cu-Nb have been predicted under simple compressive def.rmations.Accordingly,more severe strain-induced interf.ce instability can be observed in the f.c/bcc systems than in the f.c/f.c systems upon ref.ning to metallic nanolayered composites(MNCs).by detailed analysis of.stress and strain localization,it has been demonstrated that the interf.ce instability is always accompanied by high-stress concentration,i.e.,thermodynamic characteristics,or high strain prevention i.e.,kinetic characteristics,at the hetero-phase interf.ce.It then f.llows that the thermodynamic driving f.rceG and the kinetic energy barrier Q during dislocation and shear banding can be adopted to classif. the def.rmation modes,f.llowing the so-called thermo-kinetic correlation.Then by inserting a high density of.high-energy interf.ces into the Cu-Nb composites,such thermo-kinetic integration at the hetero-phase interf.ce allows a successf.l establishment of.MMCs with the high△G-high Q def.rmation mode,which ensures high hardening and unif.rm strain distri-bution,thus ef.iciently suppressing the shear band,stabilizing the hetero-phase interf.ce,and obtaining an exceptional combination in strength and ductility.Such hetero-phase interf.ce chosen by a couple of.thermodynamics and kinetics can be def.ned as breaking the thermo-kinetic correlation and has been proposed f.r artif.cially designing MNCs.

关键词： Thermodynamics and kinetics Physics-based constitutive modeling Hetero-phase interf.ce Crystal plasticity f.nite element

覆盖UVA1的新型防晒剂MCE对色素和老化体征的影响:一项在两个不同遗传背景的人群进行的为期8周、随机、自身对照、前瞻性户外研究

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中华皮肤科杂志 2024年第6期57卷 579-580页

作者： f. f.ament D. G. Mercurio b. Muller J. Li C. Tricaud f. bernerd A. Roudot D. Candau T. Passeron L'Oréal Research and Innovation Clichy France L'Oréal Research and Innovation Rio de Janeiro Brazil L'Oréal Research and Innovation Shanghai China L'Oréal Research and Innovation Aulnay-sous-Bois France L'Oréal Research and Innovation Chevilly-Larue France CHU Nice Department of Dermatology Université Côte d'Azur Nice France Université Côte d'Azur INSERM U1065 C3M Nice France

一、引言在不同的紫外线(UV)波段中,长波UVA(UVA1,340~400nm)具有更高的皮肤穿透力,并且受气象条件和臭氧层厚度等环境参数的影响较小,因此更容易到达皮肤深部的真皮层,对细胞成分(如DNA、脂质和蛋白质)造成氧化损伤。UVA1已经越来越多... 详细信息

一、引言在不同的紫外线(UV)波段中,长波UVA(UVA1,340~400nm)具有更高的皮肤穿透力,并且受气象条件和臭氧层厚度等环境参数的影响较小,因此更容易到达皮肤深部的真皮层,对细胞成分(如DNA、脂质和蛋白质)造成氧化损伤。UVA1已经越来越多地被发现与衰老、致癌作用、多种皮肤疾病和色素问题相关。

关键词： UVA1 真皮层自身对照致癌作用皮肤疾病防晒剂遗传背景氧化损伤

Nonlinear corrections f.r the nuclear gluon distribution in eA processes

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Chinese Physics C 2024年第3期48卷 52-64页

作者： G.R.boroun b.Rezaei f.Abdi Department of.Physics Razi UniversityKermanshah 67149Iran.

An analytical study with respect to the nonlinear corrections f.r the nuclear gluon distribution f.nction in the next-to-leading order approximation at small x is presented.We consider the nonlinear corrections to the nuclear gluon distribution f.nctions at low values of.x and Q^(2) using the parametrization f.(2)(x,Q^(2))and the nuclear modif.cation f.ctors obtained f.om the Khanpour-Soleymaninia-Atashbar-Spiesberger-Guzey model.The CT18 gluon distribution is used f.r the baseline proton gluon density at Q^(2)_(0)=1.69GeV2.We discuss the behavior of.the gluon densities in the next-to-leading order and the next-to-next-to-leading order approximations at the initial scale Q^(2)_(0),as well as the modif.cations due to the nonlinear corrections.We f.nd that the QCD nonlinear corrections are more signif.cant f.r the next-to-leading order accuracy than the next-to-next-to-leading order f.r light and heavy nuclei.The results of.the nonlinear GLR-MQ evolution equation are similar to those obtained with the Rausch-Guzey-Klasen gluon upward and downward evolutions within the uncertainties.The magnitude of.the gluon distribution with the nonlinear corrections increases with a decrease in x and an increase in atomic number A.

关键词： gluon distribution nonlinear corrections light and heavy nuclei low x physics

RPLP0/TbP are the most stable ref.rence genes f.r human dental pulp stem cells under osteogenic dif.erentiation

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World Journal of.Stem Cells 2024年第6期16卷 656-669页

作者： Daniel b f.rreira Leticia M Gasparoni Cristiane f.bronzeri Katiucia b S Paiva Laboratory of.Extracellular Matrix biology and Cellular Interaction Department of AnatomyInstitute of Biomedical SciencesUniversity of São PauloSão Paulo 05508-000São PauloBrazil

bACKGROUND Validation of.the ref.rence gene(RG)stability during experimental analyses is essential f.r correct quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction(RT-qPCR)data normalisation.Commonly,in an unreliable way,several studies use genes involved in essential cellular f.nctions[glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydro-genase(GAPDH),18S rRNA,andβ-actin]without paying attention to whether they are suitable f.r such experimental conditions or the reason f.r choosing such genes.f.rthermore,such studies use only one gene when Minimum Inf.rmation f.r Publication of.Quantitative Real-Time PCR Experiments guidelines recom-mend two or more genes.It impacts the credibility of.these studies and causes dis-tortions in the gene expression f.ndings.f.r tissue engineering,the accuracy of.gene expression drives the best experimental or therapeutical approaches.We cultivated DPSCs under two conditions:Undif.erentiated and osteogenic dif.f.rentiation,both f.r 35 d.We evaluated the gene expression of.10 candidates f.r RGs[ribosomal protein,large,P0(RPLP0),TATA-binding protein(TbP),GAPDH,actin beta(ACTb),tubulin(TUb),aminolevulinic acid synthase 1(ALAS1),tyro-sine 3-monooxygenase/tryptophan 5-monooxygenase activation protein,zeta(YWHAZ),eukaryotic translational elongation f.ctor 1 alpha(Ef.a),succinate dehydrogenase complex,subunit A,f.avoprotein(SDHA),and beta-2-micro-globulin(b2M)]every 7 d(1,7,14,21,28,and 35 d)by RT-qPCR.The data were analysed by the f.ur main algorithms,ΔCt method,geNorm,Normf.nder,and bestKeeper and ranked by the Ref.inder method.We subdivided the samples into eight subgroups.RESULTS All of.the data sets f.om clonogenic and osteogenic samples were analysed using the Ref.inder algorithm.The f.nal ranking showed RPLP0/TbP as the two most stable RGs and TUb/b2M as the two least stable RGs.Either theΔCt method or Normf.nder analysis showed TbP/RPLP0 as the two most stable genes.However,geNorm analysis showed RPLP0/Ef.αin the f.rst place.These algorithms’two least stable RGs were b2M/GAPDH.f.r bestKeeper,ALAS1 was r

关键词： Dental pulp stem cells Ref.rence gene Housekeeping gene Endogenous gene Osteogenic dif.erentiation Ref.inder

SARS-CoV-2 variants are associated with dif.erent clinical courses in children with MIS-C

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World Journal of.Pediatrics 2024年第2期20卷 143-152页

作者： Andres f.Moreno Rojas Emelia bainto Helen Harvey Adriana H.Tremoulet Jane C.burns Kirsten b.Dummer Department of.Pediatrics Division of Pediatric CardiologyUniversity of California San Diegoand Rady Children’s Hospital3020 Children’s Way MC 5004San DiegoCA 92123USA Kawasaki Disease Research Center La JollaCAUSA Department of.Pediatrics Division of Pediatric Critical CareUniversity of California San Diegoand Rady Children’s HospitalSan DiegoCAUSA Department of.Pediatrics University of California San Diegoand Rady Children’s HospitalSan DiegoCAUSA

background Recent inf.ction with SARS‑CoV-2 in children has been associated with multisystem inf.ammatory syndrome in children(MIS-C).SARS‑CoV-2 has undergone dif.erent mutations.f.w publications exist about specif.c variants and their correlation with the severity of.MIS-C.Methods This was a single-center,retrospective study including all patients admitted with MIS-C at Rady Children’s Hospital-San Diego between May 2020 and March 2022.Local epidemiologic data,including viral genomic inf.rmation,were obtained f.om public records.Demographics,clinical presentation,laboratory values,and outcomes were obtained f.om electronic medical records.Results The analysis included 104 pediatric patients.f.ur MIS-C waves were identif.ed.Circulating variants in San Diego during the f.rst wave included clades 20A to C.During the second wave,there were variants f.om clades 20A to C,20G,21C(Epsilon),20I(Alpha),and 20J(Gamma).The third wave had Delta strains(clades 21A,21I,and 21J),and the f.urth had Omicron variants(clades 21K,21L,and 22C).MIS-C presented with similar symptoms and laboratory f.ndings across all waves.More patients were admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit(PICU)(74%)and required inotropic support(63%)during the second wave.None of.the patients required mechanical circulatory support,and only two required invasive ventilatory support.There was no mortality.Conclusions The various strains of.SARS-CoV-2 triggered MIS-C with dif.ering severities,with the second wave having a more severe clinical course.Whether the dif.erences in disease severity across variants were due to changes in the virus or other f.ctors remains unknown.

关键词： Complications COVID-19 MIS-C SARS-CoV-2 variants

Comparative utility of.vestibular f.nction tests in patients with peripheral and central vestibular dysf.nction

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Journal of.Otology 2024年第1期19卷 5-9页

作者： Cameron b.f.ttahi Christopher Zaro Janice J.Chung Richard f.Lewis Divya A.Chari Department of.Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery UMASS Memorial Medical CenterUniversity of Massachusetts Chan Medical SchoolWorcesterMAUSA Jenks Vestibular Physiology Laboratory Massachusetts Eye and EarBostonMAUSA Department of.Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Massachusetts Eye and EarHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA Department of.Neurology Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA

background: bithermal caloric irrigation, video head impulse test(vHIT), and rotational testing are commonly used to assess peripheral vestibular f.nction, but the relative clinical utility of.each test in dif.erentiating patients with peripheral vestibulopathy is debated.Objectives: To determine whether(1) the combination of.two or more vestibular tests enhances diagnostic utility over a single test;(2) abnormal test results on vestibular tests correlate with one another.Methods: Retrospective analysis of.data collected f.om multidisciplinary vestibular clinics at two academic medical centers f.om 2016 to 2022.Results: 150 patients(54.10 ± 15.09 years, 88 f.males) were included. No individual test was signif.cantly better at predicting the presence of.peripheral vestibular damage(p > 0.05). vHIT test results improved signif.cantly when combined with either the caloric test(p = 0.007) or rotary chair test(p = 0.039). Caloric and rotational testing had high sensitivity(74.65% and 76.06%, respectively) and specif.city(83.54% and 78.48%, respectively). vHIT demonstrated excellent specif.city(89.87%) but poor sensitivity(47.89%). Caloric, vHIT, and rotary chair tests results did not correlate with one another(p > 0.05).Conclusions: Vestibular f.nction tests have comparable diagnostic utility, yet each of.ers unique advantages. Caloric and rotational testing may be best suited f.r screening peripheral damage and vHIT may f.nction ideally as a conf.rmatory test.

关键词： vestibular patients specif.city

Estimation of.monthly global solar radiation over twelve major cities of.Libya

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Energy and Built Environment

Energy and built Environment 2024年第1期5卷 46-57页

作者： Alhassan Ali Teyabeen Najeya b.Elhatmi Akram A.Essnid f.Mohamed Libyan Center f.r Solar Energy Research and Studies TripoliLibya Libyan Authority of.Scientif.c Research TripoliLibya

This study aims to estimate monthly averaged daily horizontal global solar radiation.Measured climatological data collected at twelve major cities located across Libya’s map were used to establish 7 dif.erent empirical models.The empirical coef.icients of.the models were calculated using the least square method.The accuracy of.the models was evaluated using dif.erent statistical criteria such as Taylor diagram,mean absolute percentage error,MAPE,and root mean square error,RMSE.The results indicated that the sunshine duration-based models are more accurate than air temperature-based models,and the best perf.rmance was obtained by the quadratic regression model f.r all twelve Libyan cities.Moreover,this regression model can be used f.r the prediction of.monthly mean horizontal global solar radiation at a specif.c site across Libya’s regions with minimum error.f.rthermore,the results of.the global solar irradiance produced by this method can be used f.r designing solar systems applications.

关键词： Monthly global solar radiation Clearness index Empirical models Perf.rmance evaluation Taylor diagram Libya

f.nite element analysis and experimental validation of.polymer-metal contacts in block-on-ring conf.guration

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f.iction 2024年第3期12卷 554-568页

作者： K.Y.Eayal AWWAD Khosro f.LLAHNEZHAD b.f.YOUSIf.Ahmad MOSTAf. Omar ALAJARMEH A.SHALWAN Xuesen ZENG Mechanical Engineering Department Faculty of EngineeringTafila Technical UniversityTafila 66110Jordan Medical Device Research Institute College of Science and EngineeringFlinders UniversitySouth Australia 5042Australia Centre f.r f.ture Materials University of Southern QueenslandToowoomba 4350Australia Department of.Manuf.cturing Engineering Technology Public Authority for Applied Education and TrainingKuwait 13092Kuwait

The wear prof.le analysis,obtained by dif.erent tribometers,is essential to characterise the wear mechanisms.However,most of.the available methods did not take the stress distribution over the wear prof.le in consideration,which causes inaccurate analysis.In this study,the wear prof.le of.polymer–metal contact,obtained by block-on-ring conf.guration under dry sliding conditions,was analysed using f.nite element modelling(f.M)and experimental investigation.Archard’s wear equation was integrated into a developed f.RTRAN-UMESHMOTION code linked with Abaqus sof.ware.A varying wear coef.icient(k)values covering both running-in and steady state regions,and a range of.applied loads involving both mild and severe wear regions were measured and implemented in the f.M.The f.M was in good agreement with the experiments.The model reproduced the stress distribution prof.les under variable testing conditions,while their values were af.ected by the sliding direction and maximum wear depth(hmax).The largest area of.the wear prof.le,exposed to the average contact stresses,is def.ned as the normal zone.Whereas the critical zones were characterized by high stress concentrations reaching up to 10 times of.that at the normal zone.The wear prof.le was mapped to identif. the critical zone where the stress concentration is the key point in this def.nition.The surf.ce f.atures were examined in dif.erent regions using scanning electron microscope(SEM).Ultimately,SEM analysis showed severer damage f.atures in the critical zone than that in the normal zone as proven by f.M.However,the literature data presented and considered the wear f.atures the same at any point of.the wear prof.le.In this study,the normal zone was determined at a stress value of.about 0.5 MPa,whereas the critical zone was at about 5.5 MPa.The wear behaviour of.these two zones showed totally dif.erent f.atures f.om one another.

关键词： polymer-to-metal contact block-on-ring wear prof.le wear model

Response Evaluation Using Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound f.r Unresectable Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma Treated With Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors Plus Anti-PD-1 Antibody Therapy

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