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Spatio-temporal coupled mode theory f.r nonlocal metasurf.ces

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第2期13卷 267-282页

作者： Adam Overvig Sander A.Mann Andrea alù Photonics Initiative Advanced Science Research CenterCity University of New YorkNew YorkNY10031USA Physics Program Graduate Center of the City University of New YorkNew YorkNY10016USA

Dif.ractive nonlocal metasurf.ces have recently opened a broad range of.exciting developments in nanophotonics research and applications,leveraging spatially extended—yet locally patterned—resonant modes to control light with new degrees of.f.eedom.While conventional grating responses are elegantly captured by temporal coupled mode theory,current approaches are not well equipped to capture the arbitrary spatial response observed in the nascent f.eld of.nonlocal metasurf.ces.Here,we introduce spatio-temporal coupled mode theory(STCMT),capable of.elegantly capturing the key f.atures of.the resonant response of.wavef.ont-shaping nonlocal metasurf.ces.This f.amework can quantitatively guide nonlocal metasurf.ce design while maintaining compatibility with local metasurf.ce f.ameworks,making it a powerf.l tool to rationally design and optimize a broad class of.ultrathin optical components.We validate this STCMT f.amework against f.ll-wave simulations of.various nonlocal metasurf.ces,demonstrating that this tool of.ers a powerf.l semi-analytical f.amework to understand and model the physics and f.nctionality of.these devices,without the need f.r computationally intense f.ll-wave simulations.We also discuss how this model may shed physical insights into nonlocal phenomena in photonics and the f.nctionality of.the resulting devices.As a relevant example,we showcase STCMT’s f.exibility by applying it to study and rapidly prototype nonlocal metasurf.ces that spatially shape thermal emission.

关键词： theory resonant spatially

RoGRUT: A Hybrid Deep Learning Model f.r Detecting Power Trapping in Smart Grids

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第5期79卷 3175-3192页

作者： f.rah Mohammad Saad al-Ahmadi Jalal al-Muhtadi Center of.Excellence in Inf.rmation Assurance(CoEIA) King Saud UniversityRiyadh11543Saudi Arabia College of.Computer&Inf.rmation Sciences King Saud UniversityRiyadh11543Saudi Arabia

Electricity thef. is a widespread non-technical issue that has a negative impact on both power grids and electricity users.It hinders the economic growth of.utility companies,poses electrical risks,and impacts the high energy costs borne by consumers.The development of.smart grids is crucial f.r the identif.cation of.power thef. since these systems create enormous amounts of.data,including inf.rmation on client consumption,which may be used to identif. electricity thef. using machine learning and deep learning techniques.Moreover,there also exist dif.erent solutions such as hardware-based solutions to detect electricity thef. that may require human resources and expensive hardware.Computer-based solutions are presented in the literature to identif. electricity thef. but due to the dimensionality curse,class imbalance issue and improper hyper-parameter tuning of.such models lead to poor perf.rmance.In this research,a hybrid deep learning model abbreviated as RoGRUT is proposed to detect electricity thef. as amalicious and non-malicious activity.The key steps of.the RoGRUT are data preprocessing that covers the problem of.class imbalance,f.ature extraction and f.nal thef. detection.Dif.erent advanced-level models like RoBERTa is used to address the curse of.dimensionality issue,the near miss f.r class imbalance,and transf.r learning f.r classif.cation.The ef.ectiveness of.the RoGRUTis evaluated using the dataset f.omactual smartmeters.A signif.cant number of.simulations demonstrate that,when compared to its competitors,the RoGRUT achieves the best classif.cation results.The perf.rmance evaluation of.the proposed model revealed exemplary results across variousmetrics.The accuracy achieved was 88%,with precision at an impressive 86%and recall reaching 84%.The f.-Score,a measure of.overall perf.rmance,stood at 85%.f.rthermore,themodel exhibited a noteworthyMatthew correlation coef.icient of.78%and excelled with an area under the curve of.91%.

关键词： Electricity thef. smart grid RoBERTa GRU transf.r learning

Glucokinase regulatory protein rs780094 polymorphism is associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, non-alcoholic f.tty liver disease, and nephropathy

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World Journal of.Diabetes 2024年第5期15卷 814-817页

作者： Ashraf.al Madhoun Department of.Genetics and Bioinf.rmatics Dasman Diabetes InstituteDasman 15400Kuwait

In this editorial,we comment on the article by Liu et al published in the recent issue of.the World Journal of.Diabetes(Relationship between GCKR gene rs780094 polymorphism and type 2 diabetes with albuminuria).Type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)is a chronic disorder characterized by dysregulated glucose homeostasis.The persistent elevated blood glucose level in T2DM signif.cantly increases the risk of.developing severe complications,including cardiovascular disease,re-tinopathy,neuropathy,and nephropathy.T2DM arises f.om a complex interplay between genetic,epigenetic,and environmental f.ctors.Global genomic studies have identif.ed numerous genetic variations associated with an increased risk of.T2DM.Specif.cally,variations within the glucokinase regulatory protein(GCKR)gene have been linked to heightened susceptibility to T2DM and its associated complications.The clinical trial by Liu et al f.rther elucidates the role of.the GCKR rs780094 polymorphism in T2DM and nephropathy development.Their f.ndings demonstrate that individuals carrying the CT or TT genotype at the GCKR rs780094 locus are at a higher risk of.developing T2DM with albuminuria compared to those with the CC genotype.These f.ndings highlight the importance of.genetic testing and risk assessment in T2DM to develop ef.ective preventive strategies and personalized treatment plans.

关键词： Glucokinase regulatory protein rs780094 Type 2 diabetes mellitus Dyslipidemia Non-alcoholic f.tty liver disease Nephropathy

Enhancing the Decomposition of.Paper Cups Using Galleria Mellonella and Eisenia f.tida

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Journal of.Renewable Materials 2024年第2期12卷 349-367页

作者： Shadi Moqbel Habib al-Ghoul Abd al-Majeed al-Ghzawi Rami Mukbel Civil Engineering Department The University of JordanAmman11942Jordan Department of.Chemistry Technical University of MunichMunichGermany Plant Production Jordan University of Science and TechnologyIrbid22110Jordan Basic Medical Veterinary Sciences Jordan University of Science and TechnologyIrbid22110Jordan

The composition of.paper cups creates a challenge f.r the recycling industry,as the paperboard–plastic f.lm composite is hard to separate.Theref.re,paper cups are sent to landf.lls or waste incinerators.This study explores the combined use of.red worms(Eisenia f.tida)and Greater wax moth(Galleria mellonella)in the biodegradation of.paper cups.The study investigates the conditions and combinations that promote using Eisenia f.tida and Galleria mellonella f.r degrading paper cups.The study considered the inf.uence of.environmental temperature,the presence of.f.od waste,varying the number of.Eisenia f.tida worms,and the presence of.a Galleria mellonella growth-slowing agent on the degradation process.To achieve the study objectives,the study f.llowed a quantitative approach.The study monitored the degradation of.paper cup cuts that were placed in jars containing dif.erent combinations of.Eisenia f.tida worms,Galleria mellonella larvae,f.od waste,bedding material,and Galleria mellonella growth-slowing agents.The study f.und that the best operating temperature is 30oC.The study f.und that using f.od waste improves the perf.rmance of.Eisenia f.tida worms and Galleria mellonella larvae signif.cantly.The study f.und that adding a Galleria mellonella growth-slowing agent slightly enhances the degradation of.the paper cup.f.nally,a numerical model was obtained to simulate the paper cup degradation ef.iciency.

关键词： Paper cups resource recovery recycling circular economy Galleria mellonella Eisenia f.tida

Clinical studies in COVID-related olf.ctory disorders:Review of.an institutional experience

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World Journal of.Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 2024年第2期10卷 129-136页

作者： Theresa Tharakan Dorina Kallogjeri Jay f.Piccirillo Department of.Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Clinical Outcomes Research OfficeSchool of MedicineWashington University in St LouisSt LouisMissouriUSA

Objective:To share a single institutional experience with clinical research on COVID-related olf.ctory dysf.nction(OD).Data Source/Method:Narrative review of.published original data and ongoing clinical trials on COVID-related OD at Washington University f.om 2020 to 2023.Results:There were three new diagnostic-/patient-reported outcome measures developed and tested.We report f.ve clinical trials of.interventions f.r COVID-related olf.ctory disorders:combined Visual-Olf.ctory Training(VOLT)with patient-pref.rred scents versus standard olf.ctory training(VOLT trial),oral gabapentin versus placebo(Gabapentin f.r the Relief.of.Acquired Chemosensory Experience trial),nasal theophylline irrigations versus placebo(Smell Changes and Ef.icacy of.Nasal Theophylline trial),stellate ganglion block(single-arm),and mindf.lness-based stress reduction(MBSR)versus lif.style intervention(MBSR trial).Conclusions:Initial intervention trials f.r COVID-related OD have shown potential f.r improving subjective and objective olf.ctory outcomes.However,there remains no gold standard treatment that def.nitively outperf.rms placebo in controlled trials.Theref.re,continued investigation of.novel therapeutic strategies f.r COVID-related OD is necessary to maximize olf.ctory outcomes f.r af.ected patients.

关键词： chemosensory disorders COVID olf.ctory dysf.nction

f.stering f.rm innovativeness:Understanding the sequential relationships between human resource practices,psychological empowerment,innovative work behavior,and f.rm innovative capability

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International Journal of.Innovation Studies 2024年第1期8卷 76-91页

作者： Ruba Sami al Daboub Amro al-Madadha Ahmad Samed al-Adwan Business Administration Department Princess Sumaya University for TechnologyAmmanJordan Department of.Business Technology Business SchoolHourani Center for Applied Scientific ResearchAl-Ahliyya Amman UniversityAmmanJordan

This study investigated the relationships between human resource(HR)practices,employee psychological empowerment,employee innovative work behavior,and f.rm innovation capability in the context of.the Inf.rmation and Communication Technology(ICT)sector in Jordan.Employing the Social Exchange Theory(SET)as a guiding f.amework,this study explored how employee psychological empowerment and innovative work behavior mediated the inf.uence of.HR practices on a f.rm’s innovative capabilities.Drawing on extensive data collected f.om ICT organizations in Jordan,our analysis had several key f.ndings.A signif.cant positive correlation between HR practices and psychological empowerment was observed.Job design emerged as the most inf.uential f.ctor af.ecting psychological empowerment,whereas compensation had a weaker impact.f.rthermore,we established that psychological empowerment signif.cantly enhanced innovative work behavior,underscoring its role as a catalyst f.r innovative work behavior within the sector.f.nally,our study supported the theory that psychological empowerment inf.uenced a f.rms’innovation capabilities,emphasizing the pivotal role of.employee empowerment in driving f.rm-level innovation in the Jordanian ICT sector.These f.ndings provide insights f.r academic and practical audiences,clarif.ing how HR practices,employee psychological empowerment,and innovative work behavior collectively inf.uenced f.rm innovation capability within the unique context of.the Jordanian ICT sector.

关键词： Human resources practices Psychological empowerment Innovative work behavior f.rm innovative capability Social exchange theory Job design

Deep eutectic solvents:Green multi-task agents f.r sustainable super green hydrogen technologies

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Journal of.Energy Chemistry 2024年第5期92卷 357-382页

作者： Raiyan al-f.rsi Maan Hayyan Renewable Energy Engineering Program Faculty of Engineering and TechnologyMuscat UniversityMuscat 130Oman Chemical Engineering Program Faculty of Engineering and TechnologyMuscat UniversityMuscat 130Oman

While reliance on renewable energy resources has become a reality, there is still a need to deploy greener and more sustainable methods in order to achieve sustainable development goals. Indeed, green hydrogen is currently believed to be a reliable solution f.r global warming and the pollution challenges arising f.om f.ssil f.els, making it the resilient f.el of.the f.ture. However, the sustainability of.green hydrogen technologies is yet to be achieved. In this context, generation of.green hydrogen with the aid of.deep eutectic solvents(DESs) as green mixtures has been demonstrated as a promising research area. This systematic review article covers green hydrogen generation through water splitting and biomass f.rmentation when DESs are utilized within the generation process. It also discusses the incorporation of.DESs in f.el cell technologies. DESs can play a variety of.roles such as solvent, electrolyte, or precursor;colloidal suspension and reaction medium;galvanic replacement, shape-controlling, decoration, or extractive agent;f.nally oxidant. These roles are relevant to several methods of.green hydrogen generation, including electrocatalysis, photocatalysis, and f.rmentation. As such, it is of.utmost importance to screen potential DES f.rmulations and determine how they can f.nction in and contribute throughout the green hydrogen mobility stages. The realization of.super green hydrogen generation stands out as a pivotal milestone in our journey towards achieving a more sustainable f.rm of.development;DESs have great potential in making this milestone achievable. Overall, incorporating DESs in hydrogen generation constitutes a promising research area and of.ers potential scalability f.r green hydrogen production, storage,transport, and utilization.

关键词： Watersplitting Biohydrogen Super green hydrogen Electrocatalysis Photocatalysis f.el cell Power-to-X

Cloud Datacenter Selection Using Service Broker Policies:A Survey

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第4期139卷 1-41页

作者： Salam al-E’mari Yousef.Sanjalawe Ahmad al-Daraiseh Mohammad Bany Taha Mohammad aladaileh Department of.Inf.rmation Security Faculty of ITUniversity of PetraAmman11196Jordan Department of.Cybersecurity School of ITAmerican University of Madaba(AUM)Amman11821Jordan Department of.Computer Science School of ITAmerican University of Madaba(AUM)Amman11821Jordan Department of.Data Science and Artif.cial Intelligence School of ITAmerican University of Madaba(AUM)Amman11821Jordan

Amid the landscape of.Cloud Computing(CC),the Cloud Datacenter(DC)stands as a conglomerate of.physical servers,whose perf.rmance can be hindered by bottlenecks within the realm of.prolif.rating CC services.A linchpin in CC’s perf.rmance,the Cloud Service Broker(CSB),orchestrates DC selection.f.ilure to adroitly route user requests with suitable DCs transf.rms the CSB into a bottleneck,endangering service quality.To tackle this,deploying an ef.icient CSB policy becomes imperative,optimizing DC selection to meet stringent Qualityof.Service(QoS)demands.Amidst numerous CSB policies,their implementation grapples with challenges like costs and availability.This article undertakes a holistic review of.diverse CSB policies,concurrently surveying the predicaments conf.onted by current policies.The f.remost objective is to pinpoint research gaps and remedies to invigorate f.ture policy development.Additionally,it extensively clarif.es various DC selection methodologies employed in CC,enriching practitioners and researchers alike.Employing synthetic analysis,the article systematically assesses and compares myriad DC selection techniques.These analytical insights equip decision-makers with a pragmatic f.amework to discern the apt technique f.r their needs.In summation,this discourse resoundingly underscores the paramount importance of.adept CSB policies in DC selection,highlighting the imperative role of.ef.icient CSB policies in optimizing CC perf.rmance.By emphasizing the signif.cance of.these policies and their modeling implications,the article contributes to both the general modeling discourse and its practical applications in the CC domain.

关键词： Cloud computing cloud service broker datacenter selection quality-of.service user request

Improving the Segmentation of.Arabic Handwriting Using Ligature Detection Technique

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第5期79卷 2015-2034页

作者： Husam Ahmad al Hamad Mohammad Shehab College of.Computer Sciences and Inf.rmatics Amman Arab UniversityAmman11953Jordan

Recognizing handwritten characters remains a critical and f.rmidable challenge within the realm of.computervision. although considerable strides have been made in enhancing English handwritten character recognitionthrough various techniques, deciphering Arabic handwritten characters is particularly intricate. This complexityarises f.om the diverse array of.writing styles among individuals, coupled with the various shapes that a singlecharacter can take when positioned dif.erently within document images, rendering the task more perplexing. Inthis study, a novel segmentation method f.r Arabic handwritten scripts is suggested. This work aims to locatethe local minima of.the vertical and diagonal word image densities to precisely identif. the segmentation pointsbetween the cursive letters. The proposed method starts with pre-processing the word image without af.ectingits main f.atures, then calculates the directions pixel density of.the word image by scanning it vertically and f.omangles 30° to 90° to count the pixel density f.omall directions and address the problem of.overlapping letters, whichis a commonly attitude in writing Arabic texts by many people. Local minima and thresholds are also determinedto identif. the ideal segmentation area. The proposed technique is tested on samples obtained f.omtwo datasets: Aself.curated image dataset and the If./ENIT dataset. The results demonstrate that the proposed method achievesa signif.cant improvement in the proportions of.cursive segmentation of.92.96% on our dataset, as well as 89.37%on the If./ENIT dataset.

关键词： Arabic handwritten segmentation image processing ligature detection technique intelligent recognition