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A global analysis of the introduction pathways and characteristics associated with non-native fish species introduction, establishment, and impacts

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Ecological Processes 2024年第2期 16-31页

作者： Camille Bernery Céline Bellard franck Courchamp Sébastien Brosse Boris leroy CNRS Agro Paris Tech Ecologie Systématique Evolution Université Paris-Saclay Unité Biologie des Organismes et Ecosystèmes Aquatiques (BOREA UMR 8067) Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle Sorbonne Universités Université de Caen Normandie Université des Antilles CNRS IRD Laboratoire évolution & Diversité Biologique (EDB UMR5174) Université Paul Sabatier-Toulouse 3 CNRS IRD UPS

Background The invasion success of introduced freshwater fishes is influenced by many factors, including ecological, species, and socioeconomic characteristics. Most studies that document the importance of these characteristics are conducted at local scales and/or focus on a single step of the invasion process. In this study, we aim to determine the species characteristics, ecological characteristics, and socioeconomic characteristics of non-native freshwater fish invasions. Our assessment was done at the global scale and considers all three steps of the invasion(i.e., introduction, establishment, and impact). for this purpose, we applied generalized linear models to 20 variables collected for 307 non-native species and modeled them as a function of ecological characteristics(i.e., environmental features), species traits(i.e., functional and morphological), and socioeconomic characteristics(i.e., human use and introduction pathways). We considered the number of countries in which each species was introduced, established, or had ecological impacts as a proxy of invasion step success. We also explored the specifics of species introduced through the aquaculture and the ornamental fish trade *** We found that non-native freshwater fishes with broad diets, high parental care, and multiple introduction pathways are the most widely introduced and established worldwide. The number of countries with impacts reported was best explained by the type of introduction pathway(i.e., aquaculture or fisheries). Moreover, among non-native species introduced through aquaculture, those belonging to Cypriniformes and having broad diets were the most widely introduced and established species. In contrast, the species introduced through the ornamental fish trade pathway belonged to various taxonomic orders but were mainly native to tropical *** Considering several types of factors is important when analyzing the invasion success of freshwater fish and disentang

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An integrative approach for the prediction of acute systemic toxicity:past and future

An integrative approach for the prediction of acute systemic...

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中国毒理学会第六届全国毒理学大会

作者： R NOTE H NOCAIRI M THOMAS L BOUROUf JM MCKIM V MICHAUT G OUEDRAOGO f leroy J COTOVIO L'Oreal Recherche Avenue Eugene Schueller93600 Aulnay-sous-BoisFrance

Increasing societal concerns for animal welfare and current legislation constraints have made the industry entre a new phase in its innovation and R&D *** challenge is to move from a descriptive to a predictive(mechanistically-based) toxicology,with ultimately the anticipation of the risk in human and decreasing reliance on animal *** such,the rapid emergence of new technologies and development of systems biology approaches are thought to offer great promise for filling in current toxicity data gaps and addressing this paradigm shift in a cost/time effective manner and with a sound scientific ***,risk assessors could use biological profiling from high-throughput in vitro assays including novel-omic technologies,along with in silico(computer-based) analysis to predict human *** bioinformatics or computational alternatives include the development of virtual tissue models which can provide a basis for predicting emergent properties of *** is a growing international effort to develop and ensure the transition of such methods into regulatory *** the United States,the US EPA,for example,is actively contributing to this transformative shift through the ToxCast program with an initial focus on providing biological profiles for well-characterized *** Europe,several research programs are being supported or coordinated by the European Commission (EU) within the framework of the REACh new chemicals legislation and the 7th amendment to the Cosmetics Directive(European Commission,2003).This directive foresees a marketing ban of cosmetic products containing ingredients or combinations of ingredients which have been tested,among other toxicity endpoints,in acute toxicity studies after March *** regards to acute toxicity,efforts have been gathered over the last years to develop in vitro methods that would be sufficiently robust to reduce or even replace in vivo animal *** rationale behind derives fro

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Consolidation of a femoral Neck fracture in Sickle Cell Disease Patient after Surgical Abstention: A Beneficial and favorable Outcome

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Surgical Science 2024年第7期15卷 438-443页

作者： Marc leroy Guifo Albert Desiré Atangana fouda faustin Atemkeng Tsatedem Emini Ngono Mengale Ntang Ulrich Bisay Souhe Ginette Kalla faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaound 1 Yaound Cameroon faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Dschang Dschang Cameroon faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Ebolowa Ebolowa Cameroon

femoral neck fracture is classically a traumatic pathology in the elderly but it can also occur in young people during a road traffic accident or occasionally when the femoral neck has been weakened by a pathological process. In sickle cell patients, the hip is often subjected to aseptic necrosis. The authors report the case of the child NL, aged 5 years and 4 months in whom a fracture of the femoral neck classified Delbet 3 was found as well as his sickle cell status discovered and in whom treatment by surgical abstention was carried out with a favorable evolution. This association of factors of the femoral head necrosis or nonunion is unusual and confirms the osteogenetic potential of a child. However, monitoring is necessary because other anomalies may reveal themselves.

关键词： Sickle Cell Disease fracture femoral Neck Osteomyelitis

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Clinical Epidemiology and Surgical Treatment of Spontaneous Perforations of the Terminal Ileum: A Multicentre Study in Cameroon

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Surgical Science 2024年第5期15卷 311-320页

作者： Eric Patrick Savom Richard II Mbele Mahamat Yannick Ekani Boukar Abdal Deudeu Cédric Paterson Atangana fred Dikongue Dikongue Guy Aristide Bang Marc leroy Guifo Yaoundé General Hospital Yaound&#233 Cameroon faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences of the University of Yaoundé I Yaoundé Cameroon faculty of Health Sciences University of Buea Buea Cameroon faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences of the University of Dschang Dschang Cameroon Yaoundé Teaching Hospital Yaoundé Cameroon

Background: Perforations of the terminal ileum are a frequent clinical situation and a therapeutic challenge. Surgical treatment is controversial. Several surgical modalities have been proposed and postoperative morbidity and mortality remain high. The aim of this study was to review our experience in the surgical management of perforations of the terminal ileum. Patients and methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study with retrospective data collection from January 1, 2017 to December 31, 2021, in five hospitals in Cameroon. Patients’ demographic, clinical presentation, surgical findings and 30-days postoperative outcomes data were collected. Results: We collected 34 files. The sex ratio was 1.4 and the average age was 20.28 years. The average consultation time was 9.1 days. Abdominal pain was present in all our patients. Peritoneal irritation was present in 46 cases (88.5%). The mean time to treatment after admission was 17.5 hours. The perforation was unique in 40 cases (76.9%) and located between 6 and 10 cm from the ileocecal valve in 29 cases (55.8%). Typhoid was the most suspected etiology intraoperatively in 38 cases (73.1%). A simple suture was performed in 18 patients (34.6%), resection with anastomosis in 11 patients (21.2%) and an ileostomy in 5 patients (9.6%). The average length of hospitalization was 21.74 days. Postoperative morbidity and mortality were 32.7% and 17.3% respectively. Conclusion: Perforations of the terminal ileum are common and affect young people. Surgical procedures are varied. Reducing consultation and care times and respecting treatment principles could improve postoperative morbidity and mortality, which remain high.

关键词： Perforation of the Terminal Ileum Simple Suture Resection Morbidity Mortality

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Tackling heterogeneity in treatment-resistant breast cancer using a broad-spectrum therapeutic approach

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Cancer Drug Resistance 2022年第4期5卷 917-925页

作者： leroy Lowe J.William LaValley Dean W.felsher Getting to Know Cancer(NGO) TruroNova Scotia B2N 1X5Canada Wellness Plan MD Ltd AustinTX 78759USA Division of Oncology Departments of Medicine and PathologyStanford UniversityCA CCSR 1105USA.

Tumor heterogeneity can contribute to the development of therapeutic resistance in cancer, including advancedbreast cancers. The object of the Halifax project was to identify new treatments that would address mechanisms oftherapeutic resistance through tumor heterogeneity by uncovering combinations of therapeutics that could targetthe hallmarks of cancer rather than focusing on individual gene products. A taskforce of 180 cancer researchers,used molecular profiling to highlight key targets responsible for each of the hallmarks of cancer and then findexisting therapeutic agents that could be used to reach those targets with limited toxicity. In many cases, naturalhealth products and re-purposed pharmaceuticals were identified as potential agents. Hence, by combining themolecular profiling of tumors with therapeutics that target the hallmark features of cancer, the heterogeneity ofadvanced-stage breast cancers can be addressed.

关键词： Breast cancer chemoresistance drug resistance targeted therapy

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基于强化学习的部分线性离散时间系统的最优输出调节

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自动化学报 2022年第9期48卷 2242-2253页

作者：庞文砚范家璐姜艺 LEWIS frank leroy 东北大学流程工业综合自动化国家重点实验室中国沈阳110819 德克萨斯大学阿灵顿分校美国沃斯堡76118

针对同时具有线性外部干扰与非线性不确定性下的离散时间部分线性系统的最优输出调节问题,提出了仅利用在线数据的基于强化学习的数据驱动控制方法.首先,该问题可拆分为一个受约束的静态优化问题和一个动态规划问题,第一个问题可以解出... 详细信息

针对同时具有线性外部干扰与非线性不确定性下的离散时间部分线性系统的最优输出调节问题,提出了仅利用在线数据的基于强化学习的数据驱动控制方法.首先,该问题可拆分为一个受约束的静态优化问题和一个动态规划问题,第一个问题可以解出调节器方程的解.第二个问题可以确定出控制器的最优反馈增益.然后,运用小增益定理证明了存在非线性不确定性离散时间部分线性系统的最优输出调节问题的稳定性.针对传统的控制方法需要准确的系统模型参数用来解决这两个优化问题,提出了一种数据驱动离线策略更新算法,该算法仅使用在线数据找到动态规划问题的解.然后,基于动态规划问题的解,利用在线数据为静态优化问题提供了最优解.最后,仿真结果验证了该方法的有效性.

关键词：输出调节离散时间系统强化学习非线性未知动态

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Health effects of climate change in Africa:A call for an improved implementation of prevention measures

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Eco-Environment & Health 2023年第2期2卷 74-78页

作者： Enos Moyo leroy Gore Nhari Perseverance Moyo Grant Murewanhema Tafadzwa Dzinamarira Oshakati Medical Centre OshakatiNamibia National Pathology Research and Diagnostic Center Midlands State UniversityGweruZimbabwe College of Medicine and Health Sciences University of ZimbabweHarareZimbabwe School of Health Systems and Public Health University of PretoriaPretoriaSouth Africa

The world’s climate,particularly in Africa,has changed substantially during the past few decades,contributed by several human *** is one of the continents that is most vulnerable to climate change *** the beginning of 2022,extreme weather events in Africa have affected about 19 million people and killed at least 4,000 ***,floods,heatwaves,wildfires,droughts,and famine were among the severe weather *** disasters and extreme weather events brought on by climate change may compromise access to clean water,sanitation systems,and healthcare facilities,making people more vulnerable to a number of *** and drought can lead to both communicable and non-communicable *** African population is more likely to experience more mental health disorders than before because of natural disasters,which result in the loss of property and sometimes loss of lives more ***,therefore,call for an improved implementation of strategies to prevent the health effects of climate change so that the health of the people in Africa can be maintained.

关键词： Climate change Health effects Prevention measures

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Surface acoustic wave photonic filters with a single narrow radio-frequency passband in standard silicon on insulator

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Photonics Research 2022年第7期10卷 1723-1730页

作者： MOSHE KATZMAN MAAYAN PRIEL INBAR SHAfIR SAAWAN KUMAR BAG DVIR MUNK NAOR INBAR MOSHE fELDBERG TALI SHARABANI leroy DOKHANIAN MATAN SLOOK AVI ZADOK faculty of Engineering Bar-Ilan UniversityRamat-Gan 5290002Israel Institute for Nano-Technology and Advanced Materials Bar-Ilan UniversityRamat-Gan 5290002Israel Soreq NRC Yavne 81800Israel Tower Semiconductors Migal Ha’Emek 2310502Israel

Integrated microwave photonic filters are becoming increasingly important for signal processing within advanced wireless and cellular *** with narrow transmission passbands mandate long time delays,which are difficult to accommodate within photonic *** delays may be obtained through slow moving acoustic waves *** radio-frequency information can be converted from one optical carrier to another via surface acoustic waves and filtered in the ***,the transfer functions of previously reported devices consisted of multiple periodic passbands,and the selection of a single transmission band was not *** this work,we demonstrate surface acoustic wave,silicon-photonic filters of microwave frequency with a single transmission *** filter response consists of up to 32 tap coefficients,and the transmission bandwidth is only7 *** results extend the capabilities of integrated microwave photonics in the standard silicon-on-insulator platform.

关键词： filters pass microwave

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Rapid prototyping of a polymer MEMS dropletdispenser by laser-assisted 3D printing

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2023年第4期9卷 211-221页

作者： Rémi Courson Oleksii Bratash Ali Maziz CloéDesmet Ricardo Alvarado Meza Loïc leroy Elodie Engel Arnaud Buhot Laurent Malaquin Thierry Leïchlé LAAS-CNRS Universitéde ToulouseCNRS31400 ToulouseFrance UniversitéGrenoble Alpes CNRSCEAIRIGSyMMES38000 GrenobleFrance Georgia Tech−CNRS International Research Laboratory AtlantaGA 30332USA

In this work, we introduce a polymer version of a previously developed silicon MEMS drop deposition tool for surfacefunctionalization that consists of a microcantilever integrating an open fluidic channel and a reservoir. The device isfabricated by laser stereolithography, which offers the advantages of low-cost and fast prototyping. Additionally,thanks to the ability to process multiple materials, a magnetic base is incorporated into the cantilever for convenienthandling and attachment to the holder of a robotized stage used for spotting. Droplets with diameters ranging from∼50 μm to ∼300 μm are printed upon direct contact of the cantilever tip with the surface to pattern. Liquid loading isachieved by fully immersing the cantilever into a reservoir drop, where a single load results in the deposition of morethan 200 droplets. The influences of the size and shape of the cantilever tip and the reservoir on the printing outcomeare studied. As a proof-of-concept of the biofunctionalization capability of this 3D printed droplet dispenser,microarrays of oligonucleotides and antibodies displaying high specificity and no cross-contamination are fabricated,and droplets are deposited at the tip of an optical fiber bundle.

关键词： cantilever reservoir printing

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Macroeconomics : theories, policies, and international applications / Roger leroy Miller, David VanHoose. 2nd ed.

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2001年

作者： Roger leroy Miller David VanHoose.

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