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Impact of Si on the high-temperature oxidation of AlCr(Si)N coatings

Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2022年第5期100卷 91-100页

作者： nikolaus Jager Michael Meindlhumer Michal Zitek Stefan Spor Hynek Hruby farwah Nahif Jaakko Julin Martin Rosenthal Jozef Keckes Christian Mitterer Rostislav Daniel Christian Doppler Laboratory for Advanced Synthesis of Novel Multifunctional Coatings at the Department of Materials Science Montanuniversität LeobenAustria voestalpine eifeler Vacotec GmbH DüsseldorfGermany Institute of Ion Beam Physics and Materials Research Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-RossendorfDresdenGermany Department of Physics University of JyvaskylaFinland European Synchrotron Radiation facility GrenobleFrance Erich Schmid Institute for Materials Science Austrian Academy of SciencesAustria Department of Materials Science Montanuniversität LeobenAustria

The resistance of wear protective coatings against oxidation is crucial for their use at high ***,three nanocomposite AlCr(Si)N coatings with a fixed Al/Cr atomic ratio of 70/30 and a varying Si-content of 0 at.%,2.5 at.% and 5 at.% were analyzed by differential scanning calorimetry,thermogravimetric analysis and X-ray in order to understand the oxidation behavior depending on their ***,a partially oxidized AlCrSiN coating with 5 at.%Si on a sapphire substrate was studied across the coating thickness by depth-resolved cross-sectional X-ray nanodiffraction and scanning trans-mission electron microscopy to investigate the elemental composition,morphology,phases and residual stress evolution of the oxide scale and the non-oxidized coating *** results reveal enhanced oxidation properties of the AlCr(Si)N coatings with increasing Si-content,as demonstrated by a retarded onset of oxidation to higher temperatures from 1100℃ for AlCrN to 1260℃ for the Si-containing coatings and a simultaneous deceleration of the oxidation *** annealing of the AlCrSiN sample with5 at.%Si at an extraordinary high temperature of 1400℃ for 60 min in ambient air,three zones developed throughout the coating strongly differing in their composition and structure:(i)a dense oxide layer comprising an Al-rich and a Cr-rich zone formed at the very top,followed by(ii)a fine-grained transition zone with incomplete oxidation and(iii)a non-oxidized zone with a porous *** varying elemental composition of these zones is furthermore accompanied by micro-structural variations and a complex residual stress development revealed by cross-sectional X-ray *** results provide a deeper understanding of the oxidation behavior of AlCr(Si)N coatings depending on their Si-content and the associated elemental,microstructural and residual stress evolution during high-temperature oxidation.

关键词： AlCrSiN Nanocomposite Cathodic arc Oxidation behaviour Cross-sectional X-ray nanodiffraction

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Sphingolipids in intestine and liver: How to analyze?

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Pathophysiology 2012年第6期3卷 99-101页

作者： nikolaus Gassler Institute of Pathology RWTH Aachen University Pauwelsstra e 30 52074 Aachen Germany

Identification and quantification of lipids, in particular sphingolipids from intestine and liver, using multidimensional mass spectrometry has dramatically improved our understanding of lipid-based molecular pathways and signaling. The editorial gives a short overview about basic technical approaches to characterize lipids from intestine and liver.

关键词： Intestine Lipids Liver Mass spectrometry

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Multimodal imaging in acute retinal ischemia: spectral domain OCT, OCT-angiography and fundus autofluorescence

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2018年第9期11卷 1521-1527页

作者： nikolaus feucht Daniel Zapp Lukas Reznicek Chris P.Lohmann Mathias Maier Christian S.Mayer Department of Ophthalmology Technical University of Munich

AIM： To describe retinal findings of various imaging modalities in acute retinal ischemia. METHODS： fluorescein angiography（fA）, spectral domain optical coherence tomography（SD-OCT）, OCTangiography（OCT-A） and fundus autofluorescence（fAf） images of 13 patients（mean age 64y, range 28-86y） with acute retinal ischemia were evaluated. Six suffered from branch arterial occlusion, 2 had a central retinal artery occlusion, 2 had a combined arteriovenous occlusions, 1 patient had a retrobulbar arterial compression by an orbital haemangioma and 2 patients showed an ocular ischemic ***： All patients showed increased reflectivity and thickening of the ischemic retinal tissue. In 10 out of 13 patients SD-OCT revealed an additional highly reflective band located within or above the outer plexiform layer. Morphological characteristics were a decreasing intensity with distance from the fovea, partially segmental occurrence and manifestation limited in time. OCT-A showed a loss of flow signal in the superficial and deep capillary plexus at the affected areas. Reduced flow signal was detected underneath the regions with retinal edema. fAf showed areas of altered signal intensity at the posterior pole. The regions of decreased fAf signal corresponded to peri-venous regions. CONCLUSION： Multimodal imaging modalities in retinal ischemia yield characteristic findings and valuable diagnostic information. Conventional OCT identifies hyperreflectivity and thickening and a mid-retinal hyperreflective band is frequently observed. OCT-A examination reveals demarcation of the ischemic retinal area on the vascular level. fAf shows decreased fluorescence signal in areas of retinal edema often corresponding to peri-venous regions.

关键词： optical coherence tomography optical coherence tomography-angiography acute retinal ischemia retinal morphology retinal blood flow multimodal retinal imaging

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Segmental intrahepatic cholestasis as a technical complication of the transjugular intrahepatic porto-systemic shunt

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2019年第43期25卷 6430-6439页

作者： Julian nikolaus Bucher Marcus Hollenbach Steffen Strocka Gereon Gaebelein Michael Moche Thorsten Kaiser Michael Bartels Albrecht Hoffmeister Department of Surgery Munich University Hospital at GroβhadernBavariaMunich 81377Germany Medical Department Ⅱ-Gastroenterology HepatologyInfectious DiseasesPulmonologyUniversity of Leipzig Medical CenterSaxonyLeipzig 04103Germany Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology University of Leipzig Medical CenterSaxonyLeipzig 04103Germany Department of General VisceralVascular and Pediatric SurgeryUniversity of SaarlandSaarlandHomburg 66421Germany Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology BavariaNuernberg 90411Germany Institute of Laboratory Medicine Clinical Chemistry and Molecular DiagnosticsUniversity of Leipzig Medical CenterSaxonyLeipzig 04310Germany Department for General and Visceral Surgery Helios Park-Klinikum LeipzigSaxonyLeipzig 04289Germany Medical Department Ⅱ-Gastroenterology HepatologyInfectious DiseasesPulmonologyUniversity of Leipzig Medical CenterLeipzig 04103SaxonyGermany

BACKGROUND Segmental intrahepatic cholestasis caused by transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt(TIPS)(SIC-T),is a rare complication of this technique and only referred by case ***,we conducted a systematic,retrospective analysis to provide evidence regarding prevalence and consequences of this TIPS-induced bile duct *** To assess prevalence and outcome of SIC-T in a large *** In this retrospective cohort study,we screened the institutional databases for all consecutive patients that were treated by TIPS-placement or TIPS-revision between January 2005 and August *** analyzed radiologic images for signs of biliary *** that were indicative of SIC-T were reviewed by two independent radiologists and additional patient data was *** statistics of patient demographics,indications for TIPS and procedural details were *** regression analysis was performed to identify predictors for the development of *** We analyzed 135 cirrhotic patients who underwent TIPS(mean age 55 years,79%male gender).Etiology of cirrhosis was alcohol in most cases and indications for TIPS were mainly refractory ascites and recurrent variceal *** revision was necessary in 31 *** identified 4 cases(2.9%)of SIC-T in direct proximity of the *** was confirmed by CT-scan,MRI or endoscopic retrograde cholangio pancreaticography(ERCP).In two patients TIPS was implanted via the right and in one through the medial hepatic *** patient received TIPS-prolongation by multiple *** patients were asymptomatic but one cholangitic abscess necessitated a transhepatic *** regression analysis identified TIPS-placement other than from medial hepatic vein to right portal vein as risk factor(OR 21.0)for *** SIC-T ads to(mostly late)complications in the interventional treatment of cirrhotic portal hypertensions and can lead to cholangitic ***

关键词： Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt Cirrhosis Ascites Bleeding Cholestasis Biliary congestion

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Measuring Whitespace Pattern Sequences as an Indication of Plagiarism

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Journal of Software Engineering and Applications 2012年第4期5卷 249-254页

作者： nikolaus Baer Robert Zeidman Zeidman Consulting Cupertino USA Zeidman Consulting Cupertino USA.

There are several methods and technologies for comparing the statements, comments, strings, identifiers, and other visible elements of source code in order to efficiently identify similarity. In a prior paper we found that comparing the whitespace patterns was not precise enough to identify copying by itself. However, several possible methods for improving the precision of a whitespace pattern comparison were presented, the most promising of which was an examination of the sequences of lines with matching whitespace patterns. This paper demonstrates a method of evaluating the sequences of matching whitespace patterns and a detailed study of the method’s reliability.

关键词： Plagiarism Source Code Source Code Similarity Whitespace Obfuscation Indentation Maintainability Copyright Infringement Intellectual Property Litigation Open Source

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fatty acid metabolism and acyl-CoA synthetases in the liver-gut axis

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World Journal of Hepatology 2021年第11期13卷 1512-1533页

作者： Yunxia Ma Miljana Nenkov Yuan Chen Adrian T Press Elke Kaemmerer nikolaus Gassler Section Pathology Institute of Forensic MedicineJena University HospitalFriedrich Schiller University JenaJena 07747Germany Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine and Center for Sepsis Control and Care Jena University HospitalFriedrich Schiller University JenaJena 07747Germany Department of Pediatrics Jena University HospitalFriedrich Schiller University JenaJena 07747Germany

fatty acids are energy substrates and cell components which participate in regulating signal transduction,transcription factor activity and secretion of bioactive lipid *** acyl-CoA synthetases(ACSs)family containing 26 family members exhibits tissue-specific distribution,distinct fatty acid substrate preferences and diverse biological *** evidence indicates that dysregulation of fatty acid metabolism in the liver-gut axis,designated as the bidirectional relationship between the gut,microbiome and liver,is closely associated with a range of human diseases including metabolic disorders,inflammatory disease and carcinoma in the gastrointestinal tract and *** this review,we depict the role of ACSs in fatty acid metabolism,possible molecular mechanisms through which they exert functions,and their involvement in hepatocellular and colorectal carcinoma,with particular attention paid to long-chain fatty acids and small-chain fatty ***,the liver-gut communication and the liver and gut intersection with the microbiome as well as diseases related to microbiota imbalance in the liver-gut axis are ***,the development of potentially therapeutic small molecules,proteins and compounds targeting ACSs in cancer treatment is summarized.

关键词： Long-chain fatty acids Short-chain fatty acids Acyl-CoA synthetases Microbiota Liver-gut axis

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Non-invasive water status detection in grapevine(Vitis vinifera L.)by thermography

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2009年第4期2卷 46-54页

作者： Shamaila Zia Klaus Spohrer nikolaus Merkt Du Wenyong Xiongkui He Joachim Müller Institute of Agricultural Engineering Universität HohenheimStuttgartGermany Institute for Special Crop Cultivation and Crop Physiology Universität HohenheimStuttgartGermany Centre for Chemicals Application Technology(CCAT) China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100083China

Grapevines are preferentially grown under mild to moderate water stress conditions to achieve the best compromise between wine quality and *** status detection for advanced irrigation scheduling is frequently done by predawn leaf water potential(ΨPD)or leaf stomata conductance(gL)***,these measurements are time and labor ***,the use of infrared thermography(IRT)opens up the possibility to study large population of leaves and to give an overview on the stomatal variation and their *** the present study IRT was used to identify water stress of potted *** order to define the sensitivity of IRT measurements to water stress,the IRT-based water status information were compared with simultaneously measuredΨPD and gL *** between IRT-based CWSI data on the one hand and gL andΨPD on the other showed the potential of IRT for water stress ***,the CWSI calculation procedure is laborious and the sensitivity of CWSI for water stress detection still needs to be ***,further improvements are necessary in order to apply remote IRT-based systems for irrigation scheduling in the field.

关键词： infrared thermography leaf temperature stomata conductance leaf water potential plant water stress and crop water stress index(CWSI)

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Modulating effects of acyl-CoA synthetase 5-derived mitochondrial Wnt2B palmitoylation on intestinal Wnt activity

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第40期20卷 14855-14864页

作者： Christina Klaus Ursula Schneider Christian Hedberg Anke K Schütz Jürgen Bernhagen Herbert Waldmann nikolaus Gassler Elke Kaemmerer Institute of Pathology RWTH Aachen University 52074 Aachen Germany Department of Chemical Biology Max Planck Institute of Molecular Physiology 44227 Dortmund Germany Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology RWTH Aachen University 52074 Aachen Germany Department of Pediatrics RWTH Aachen University 52074 Aachen Germany

AIM: To investigate the role of acyl-CoA synthetase 5 (ACSL5) activity in Wnt signaling in intestinal surface epithelia.

关键词： Acyl-CoA synthetases Wnt signaling Palmitoylation Intestinal barrier Carcinogenesis

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Structure-function relationship comparison between retinal nerve fibre layer and Bruch's membrane opening-minimum rim width in glaucoma

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2017年第10期10卷 1534-1538页

作者： Lukas Reznicek Sophie Burzer Andrea Laubichler Ali Nasseri Chris P Lohmann nikolaus feucht Michael Ulbig Mathias Maier Department of Ophthalmology Technical University of Munich

AIM：To evaluate and compare structural optical coherence tomography（OCT）-based parameters,such as Bruch’s membrane opening-minimum rim width（BMO-MRW）,and retinal nerve fiber layer（RNfL）thickness in glaucoma patients with visual field（Vf）defects,and to correlate both to mean deviation（MD）values of obtained standard achromatic perimetry（SAP）***：Patients with glaucoma and glaucomatous Vf defects were enrolled in this prospective study and compared to age-matched healthy *** study participants underwent a full ophthalmic examination and Vf testing with *** RNfL thickness and BMO-MRW were acquired with *** analyses between obtained global functional and global as well as sectorial structural parameters were ***：A consecutive series of 30 glaucomatous right eyes of 30 patients were included and compared to 36healthy right eyes of 36 individuals in the control *** MD of values correlated significantly with global RNfL（Pearson ***：0.632,P=0.001）and global BMO-MRW（Pearson ***：0.746,P〈0.001）values in the glaucoma *** MD and sectorial RNfL or BMO-MRW values correlated less *** the control group,MD values did not correlate with RNfL or BMO-MRW measurements.A subgroup analysis of myopic patients（〉4 diopters）within the glaucoma group（n=6）revealed a tendency for higher correlations between MD and BMO-MRW than MD and RNfL ***：In a clinical setting,RNfL thickness and BMO-MRW correlate similarly with global Vf sensitivity in glaucoma patients with BMO-MRW showing higher correlations in myopic glaucoma patients.

关键词： glaucoma optical coherence tomography Bruch's membrane opening-minimum rim width retinal nerve fibre layer myopia standard automated perimetry visual field defects

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Pharmacological drug screening to inhibit uveal melanoma metastatic cells either via EGf-R, MAPK, mTOR or PI3K

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2022年第10期15卷 1569-1576页

作者： Stefan Kassumeh Sebastian Arrow AndréKafka nikolaus Luft Siegfried G.Priglinger Armin Wolf Kirsten Eibl-Lindner Christian M.Wertheimer Department of Ophthalmology University HospitalLMU MunichMunich 80336Germany Department of Ophthalmology University HospitalUniversity UlmUlm 89075Germany

AIM: To screen five potential pharmacological substances specifically targeting EGf-R, MAPK, mTOR, or PI3K for their antiproliferative effects, possible impact on cell viability, as well as cell death rates on three different uveal melanoma metastasis cell lines in vitro. METHODS: Three different uveal melanoma metastasis cell lines(OMM2.5, OMM2.3, and OMM1), that originated from human hepatic and subcutaneous metastasis, were exposed to inhibitors of different targets: erlotinib(EGf-R), everolimus(mTOR), selumetinib(MAPK), trametinib(MAPK) or the alkylphosphocholine erufosine(PI3K). Cell viability was assessed with a 2,3-bis-(2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium-5-carboxanilide(XTT) dye reduction assay after 24 h of treatment. Antiproliferative effects were evaluated separately after a 72-hour incubation of the cells with the pharmacological substance. Subsequently, the IC_(50) was calculated. Tumor cell death was investigated using a double stain apoptosis detection assay. RESULTS: Selumetinib, trametinib, and erufosine significantly decreased cell viability of all OMM cell lines(Pficant inhibition of cell proliferation(Pferation at the used concentrations(Pf necrotic cells after erufosine treatment(Pf dead cells for the other substances were ***: The preliminary drug screening demonstrates five new candidates, successfully targeting the canonical MAPK/ERK and PI3K/AKT/m TOR pathways in uveal melanoma metastasis cells in vitro. Hence, these findings provide an experimental basis to explore future single or combined therapy strategies for metastatic uveal melanoma.

关键词： uveal melanoma selumetinib trametinib erufosine erlotinib

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