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Prevalence of Tick Infestations and Tick-Borne Diseases in Cattle in Cameroon

Open Journal of Animal Sciences 2023年第4期13卷 560-573页

作者： Hamidou Hayatou félix meutchieye fatima Ezzahra Amarir Abdelkbir Rhalem Mohammed Bouslikhane Julius Awah-Ndukum Biotechnology and Bio-Informatics Research Unit Faculty of Agronomy and Agricultural Sciences University of Dschang Dschang Cameroon Laboratory of Parasitology Department of Pathology and Veterinary Public Health Hassan II Agronomy and Veterinary Institute (IAV) Rabat Morocco Laboratory of Microbiology Epidemiology and Pathology of Animal Emerging and Re-Emerging Diseases Research Unit Hassan II Agronomy and Veterinary Institute (IAV) Rabat Morocco Animal Physiology and Health Research Unit Department of Animal Science Faculty of Agriculture and Agricultural Sciences University of Dschang Dschang Cameroon

Ticks induce huge production and economic losses in the livestock industry and create serious environmental, animal and human health problems. The study was carried out to characterize tick species and determine the prevalence of tick infestation and tick-borne diseases in cattle in Cameroon. Tick and blood samples were collected from a total of 742 animals and analyzed to determine the type of tick and haemoparasites using standard procedures. Overall, four tick species namely Amblyomma variegatum (75.09%), Rhipicephalus microplus (19.43%), Rhipicephalus decoloratus (0.88%) and Hyalomma marginatum (0.18%) and six blood disease agents including Anapalasma marginale (11.29%), Ehrlichia ruminantium (3.52%), Babesia bovis (1.32%), Babesia major (0.44%), Anaplasma phagocytophilum (0.29%) and Dermatophilus congolensis (3.37%). Various co-infections were recorded and the predominant associations were Amblyomma variegatum-Rhipicephalus microplus (4.06%) and Amblyomma variegatum-Hyalomma marginatum (0.36%);Anaplasma-Ehrlichia (12%), Anaplasma-Dematophylus (8%), Babesia-Anaplasma-Ehrlichia (14%) and Babesia-Anaplasma-Ehrlichia-Dermato-phylus (5%). Breed, sex, age and locality significantly influenced the rate of tick infestation while locality, breed and age significantly influenced the detection of blood disease agents in the study.

关键词： Prevalence Tick Blood Disease Cattle Cameroon

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Morphometric Traits Differentiation and Phenotypic Diversity of Two Snail Species Ecotypes Archachatina marginata and Achatina fulica in the Western Highlands of Cameroon

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Open Journal of Animal Sciences 2023年第3期13卷 345-363页

作者： Gorothy Nkwendem Djouatsa Blaise Arnaud Hako Touko Sandrine Tsayo Tchinda Constantin Nzwessa félix meutchieye Alexis Teguia Biotechnology and Bio-Informatics Research Unit Faculty of Agronomy and Agricultural Sciences University of Dschang Dschang Cameroon Buhl Data Services GmbH Software Development Germany Siegen Germany Animal Production and Nutrition Research Unit Department of Animal Sciences Faculty of Agronomy and Agricultural Sciences University of Dschang Dschang Cameroon

This study was conducted from June 2021 to January 2023 to assess the genetic diversity of giant African snails in the western highlands of Cameroon. A total of 652 snails were randomly collected from the wild in three localities in the western highlands (Bafang, Bafoussam, and Santchou). The study revealed significant variations in morphobiometric characteristics both between species and localities. The predominant shell coloration was brownish with yellow zigzag stripes (65%), while the dominant coloration for shell openings was whitish (48%). Regarding foot coloration, both brown with spotted black and black with spotted brown colorations were dominant (29%). The highest recorded live weight of snails (39.33 ± 34) was found in the species Archachatina marginata. In terms of length measurements (in mm), the length of the right and left sides of the shell was higher in the A. fulica species (49.8 ± 19.7 mm and 40.07 ± 18 mm, respectively). Bafang exhibited the highest values for shell length (56 ± 11 mm) and shell width (46.52 ± 11.46 mm). A. fulica recorded the highest shell length (81.5 ± 27 mm), while A. marginata recorded the highest shell width (49.6 ± 12.1 mm), with the highest values observed in A. fulica from fulica having a slightly higher aperture width value (30 ± 10 mm) compared to A. marginata, while A. marginata had the highest value for aperture length measurement (54.5 ± 12 mm). A. fulica also exhibited the highest values for the length from apex to the first whorl and the length from left to right of the first whorl (43.2 ± 18 mm and 39 ± 19.8 mm, respectively). Strong and positive correlations were observed between the live weight of snails and body measurements regardless of species, except for the number of whorls, which showed very weak or negative correlations with other body measurements. The results of Hierarchical Cluster Analysis (HCA) revealed three distinct snail population types. These findings provide valuable insights into the phenoty

关键词： Phenotype Diversity Ecotypes Western Highlands of Cameroon

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Liquid Storage of Ram Semen: Associated Damages and Improvement

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Open Journal of Animal Sciences 2021年第3期11卷 473-500页

作者： Serge Leugoué Kameni félix meutchieye ferdinand Ngoula Department of Animal Science Faculty of Agronomy and Agricultural Science University of Dschang Dschang Cameroon

The successful application of assisted reproductive techniques (ARTs) in ovine as in other mammal species relies on many factors among which the quality of the semen used. After collection, semen samples are generally processed for storage (liquid storage or cryoconservation) before being used for insemination or in vitro embryo production. During the liquid storage process, sperm cells are exposed to artificial conditions which lead to oxidative stress—the imbalance between pro-oxidants and antioxidants (AO), following overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS)—resulting in ultrastructural, biochemical and functional damages of spermatozoa. Especially, viability, motility, mitochondrial activity, membrane integrity, and font-family:Verdana;">acrosome integrity are reduced while morphological abnormalities, DNA fragmentation, and lipid peroxidation (LPO) are increased, affecting the fertilizing ability and subsequent early embryonic development when using standard extenders. Indeed, an optimal semen extender must not only regulate and support an environment of adequate pH and buffering capacity to protect spermatozoa from osmotic and cooling stresses, but, also prevent the generation and/or scavenge excess ROS. To improve ram semen liquid storage, several methods have been developed with the supplementation of extenders with antioxidants or antioxidant like-compounds (enzymes, amino-acids, vitamins, plant extracts), seminal plasma, sugars, fatty acids, and nanoparticles being a relevant approach. Promising results have been registered with the supplementation of extenders with these compounds, confirming they can be used to preserve ram semen quality and fertility. Therefore, the present review provides an updated ove

关键词： Antioxidants Lipid Peroxidation Liquid Storage Ovine Oxidative Stress Reactive Oxygen Species

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Morphometric Assessment of Common Guinea fowl (Numida meleagris) in Cameroon

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Open Journal of Animal Sciences 2023年第4期13卷 478-495页

作者： francis Djiotsa Dongmo felix meutchieye Jean Massawa Jean Pierre Mingoas Kilekoung Doctoral Training Unit Animal Genetic Improvement School of Veterinary Medicine and Sciences University of Ngaoundere Ngaoundere Cameroon Biotechnology and Bio-Informatics Research Unit Department of Animal Science Faculty of Agronomy and Agricultural Sciences University of Dschang Dschang Cameroon

A survey was conducted in the Sudano-Sahelian, High Savannah, and Western Highlands agroecological zones of Cameroon to assess the morphometric features and to determine the population structure of the native common guinea fowl breed. A total of 1021 adult common guinea fowls were sampled in the dominant pastoral production system. The main results showed that there was a phenotypic variability (p f the morphometric characteristics of common guinea fowls with a dominance of pearl gray coloring of the plumage (23.02%), bluish red barbels (29.09%), black eyes (36.04%) and tarsi (39.18%). The development of the barbels and the shape of the comb are determinants of the sex (p favor of the females (p ference (31.81 ± 0.99), Wing length (25.99 ± 0.18), wingspan (41.82 ± 0.32), Thigh diameter (9.17 ± 0.10), Thigh length (11.30 ± 0.07), Tarsus length (6.62 ± 0.04), Tarsus diameter (1.20 ± 0.07), Body length (40.13 ± 0.15), and Live weight (1.68 ± 0.02 kg). The highest positive correlation (r f1, f2 and f3) make it possible to better explain phenotypic variability (50.21%). The variables that contributed most to the explanation of the observed total variability are the length of the crest (0.70%), the beak (0.61%), the wattle (0.70%), the body (0.44%), the wing (0.35%), thigh (0.68%), tarsus (0.29%) and wing span (0.41%) for the main component f1 while the f2 and f3 components mainly concern the length of the barbel (0.43%) and the height of the crest (0.48%) respectively. The f1 factor constitutes the most discriminating variable (89.40%). The AfD

关键词： Genetic Diversity Measurement Guinea fowl Cameroon

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Nutritive value of forages consumed by ruminants during the dry season in the Western Highlands of Cameroon

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Grassland Research 2023年第2期2卷 112-119页

作者： Leslie Tieubou Tsopgni Jules Lemoufouet felix meutchieye Langston Wilfried Edie Nounamo Camile Nyembo Kondo Jean Raphaël Kana Mama Mouchili Back Armel feudjio Department of Animal Science Faculty of Agronomy and Agricultural SciencesUniversity of DschangDschangCameroon

Background:In the Western Highlands of Cameroon(WHC),information on the nutritional value of fodder species consumed by ruminants is very ***:Through interviews with farmers and monitoring of animals on the range,information was obtained on the types of fodder resources consumed by the *** of each forage species were collected in 15 districts,mixed,chopped,and dried in a ventilated oven at 60°C,and then ground for chemical composition ***:Twenty-two forage species were *** these species,Vernonia amygdalina(29.43%±0.45%dry matter[DM])and Pennisetum clandestinum(87.21%±1.33%DM)were,respectively,the highest in protein and neutral detergent fiber *** esculenta was one of the most energy-rich forages in terms of forage unit for lactation and forage unit for meat *** ascending classification revealed three main groups of forages,respectively,rich in crude fiber(Group 1),protein(Group 2),and energy(Group 3).Conclusions:The present study identified 22 forage species browsed by ruminants in *** studies should be carried out to determine the antinutritional factors and to evaluate their nutrient value using in vitro or in situ digestibility techniques.

关键词： chemical composition nutritional value ruminants tropical forages Western Highlands of Cameroon

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farming features of African Bonytongue fish Heterotis niloticus in Cameroon, Central Africa

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Open Journal of Animal Sciences 2023年第2期13卷 232-248页

作者： Jeanne Wikondi Ema Patrick Jolly Ngono Algrient Towa Nana felix meutchieye Minette Eyango Tabi Tomedi Department of Genetics and Biostatistics School of Veterinary Medicine and Sciences The University of Ngaoundere Ngaoundere Cameroon Applied Hydrobiology and Ichthyology Research Unit The University of Dschang Dschang Cameroon Department of Animal Science Biotechnology and Bioinformatics Research Unit The University of Dschang Dschang Cameroon Institute of fisheries and Aquatic Sciences of the University of Douala Douala-Bassa Cameroon

The characterization of African bonytongue Heterotis niloticus fish farming was conducted in the Bi-modal agro-ecological zone of Cameroon from January to May 2021, Thirty-two fish farmers were interviewed and SPSS 6.2 Version was used to analyse the data. The results showed that the majority of fish farmers (81%) are men above 51 years, all of whom are Christians with more than fifty percent of them married. About 43% of them have university level education, and more than 6% of them considered the farming of Heterotis niloticus as their main income-earning activity. The main objective of Heterotis niloticus farming is sales (50%) and the uses (56%) of waged labour. A majority of the farmers produced reared African bonytongue in a polyculture system and 65% of them raised Heterotis niloticus in derivation ponds.

关键词： Aquaculture Characterization African Bonytongue Cameroon Central Africa

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Genetic Diversity of Cameroon Native Goat Populations Revealed by Caprine Microsatellites

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Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(A) 2014年第8期4卷 706-713页

作者： meutchieye felix Wamonje francis Ngono Ema Patrick Jolly Djikeng Appolinaire Manjeli Yacouba faculty of Agronomy and Agricultural Sciences University of Dschang PO Box 188 Dschang Cameroon Biosciences in Eastern and Central Africa-International Livestock Research Institute Nairobi-Kenya School of VeterinaryMedieine and Science University of Ngaoundere PO Box 454 Ngaoundere Cameroon

A total of seventeen caprine microsatellite markers were used on 169 goats to investigate genetic diversity of eight Cameroon native goat populations and to assess genetic differentiation with the East African small goat. All microsatellites showed a high polymorphic content (PIC) of more than 0.5 in almost all ecotypes. These microsatellite markers were useful for native goat ecotypes variability assessment. Expected heterozygosity of all ecotypes was above 0.5, varying from 0.2 to 0.7. Only goats from Eastern rainforest ecotype deviated from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium test (P > 0.001). Although geographic distribution was a good indication of differentiation, there appeared a tendency of genetic exchange between various ecotypes in Cameroon native goats.

关键词：遗传多样性微卫星标记山羊群体喀麦隆 Hardy-Weinberg平衡本地山羊生态型遗传分化

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