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Hospitalizations and healthcare costs associated with serious, non-lethal firearm-related violence and injuries in the United States, 1998-2011

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f.mily medicine and Community Health 2015年第2期3卷 8-19页

作者： Jason L.Salemi Vikas Jindal RoneéE.wilson mulubrhan f.mogos muktar H.Aliyu Hamisu m.Salihu Department of f.mily and Community medicine Baylor College of MedicineHoustonTexasUSA Department of Occupational Health Kaiser PermanenteLancasterCaliforniaUSA Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics College of Public HealthUniversity of South FloridaTampaFloridaUSA Department of Community Health Systems School of NursingIndiana UniversityIndianapolisIndianaUSA Vanderbilt Institute for Global Health Vanderbilt UniversityNashvilleTennesseeUSA

Objective:To describe the prevalence,trends,correlates,and short-term outcomes of inpa-tient hospitalizations for firearm-related injuries(fRIs)in the United States between 1998 and ***:We conducted a retrospective,cross-sectional analysis of inpatient hospitalizations using data from the Nationwide Inpatient *** addition to generating national prevalence estimates,we used survey logistic regression to calculate odds ratios(ORs)and 95%confidence intervals(CIs)for the association between fRIs and patient/hospital-level ***-ral trends were estimated and characterized using joinpoint ***:There were 10.5 fRIs(95%CI:9.2-11.8)per 10,000 non-maternal/neonatal inpatient hospitalizations,with assault accounting for 60.1%of fRIs,followed by unintentional/accidental(23.0%)and intentional/self-inflicted fRIs(8.2%).The highest odds of fRIs,particularly fRIs associated with an assault,was observed among patients 18-24 years of age,patients 14-17 years of age,patients with no insurance/self-pay,and non-Hispanic *** mean inpatient length of stay for fRIs was 6.9 days;however,4.7%of patients remained in the hospital over 24 days and 1 in 12 patients(8.2%)died before *** mean cost of an inpatient hospitalization for a fRI was$22,149,which was estimated to be$679 million annually;approximately two-thirds of the annual cost(64.7%)was for assault($439 million).Conclusion:fRIs are a preventable public health issue which disproportionately impacts younger generations,while imposing significant economic and societal burdens,even in the ab-sence of *** of fRIs should be considered a priority in this era of healthcare cost containment.

关键词： Assault cost gunshot firearms hospitalization intentional injury

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The motif Tracking Algorithm

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International Journal of Automation and computing 2008年第1期5卷 32-44页

作者： William wilson Phil Birkin Uwe Aickelin School of Computer Science University of NottinghamNottingham NG8 1BBUK

The search for patterns or motifs in data represents a problem area of key interest to finance and economic researchers. In this paper, we introduce the motif tracking algorithm （mTA）, a novel immune inspired （IS） pattern identification tool that is able to identify unknown motifs of a non specified length which repeat within time series data. The power of the algorithm comes from the fact that it uses a small number of parameters with minimal assumptions regarding the data being examined or the underlying motifs. Our interest lies in applying the algorithm to financial time series data to identify unknown patterns that exist. The algorithm is tested using three separate data sets. Particular suitability to financial data is shown by applying it to oil price data. In all cases, the algorithm identifies the presence of a motif population in a fast and efficient manner due to the utilization of an intuitive symbolic representation. The resulting population of.motifs is shown to have considerable potential value for other applications such as forecasting and algorithm seeding.

关键词： motif detection repeating patterns time series analysis artificial immune systems immune memory

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Endoscopic management of refractory gastrointestinal non-variceal bleeding using Histoacryl(N-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate)glue

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Gastroenterology Report 2016年第3期4卷 232-236,I0002,I0003页

作者： Damien CK Loh Robert B wilson Department of Upper Gastrointestinal Surgery Liverpool HospitalSydneyAustralia

Background:Histoacryl glue(N-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate)has well-established utility in the endoscopic management of gastrointestinal variceal *** role of Histoacryl glue in non-variceal bleeding is less clear,and there are few articles describing its use in this ***:Six patients with intractable non-variceal gastrointestinal bleeding were managed using injection of Histoacryl *** patients had previously failed conventional endostasis and/or interventional angioembolization and were not suitable for emergency salvage surgery due to serious comorbidities or unacceptable anaesthetic *** endoscopic Lipiodol-Histoacryl-Lipiodol sandwich injection technique was used in these *** clinical outcomes and complications were ***:There were four f.males and two males with a mean age of 55 *** lesions included gastric ulcers(n=2),duodenal ulcers(n=2),duodenal gastrointestinal stromal tumor(GIST)(n=1)and rectal ulcers(n=1).All patients had successful Histoacryl endostasis without the requirement for salvage *** was no treatment-related morbidity and no *** patients had further bleeding after initial Histoacryl endostasis,which was successfully controlled with further endoscopic Histoacryl ***:Histoacryl endostasis should be included in the treatment algorithm for refractory non-variceal gastrointestinal bleeding.

关键词： Histoacryl glue N-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate endoscopy non-variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding

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functionalization of high-moment magnetic nanodisks for cell manipulation and separation

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Nano Research 2013年第10期6卷 745-751页

作者： mingliang Zhang Christopher m. Earhart Chinchun Ooi Robert J. wilson mary Tang Shan X. Wang 476 Lomita mall Department of Materials Science and Engineering Stanford University Stanford 94305 USA 350Serra mall Department of Electrical Engineering Stanford University Stanford 94305 USA

Synthetic antiferromagnetic （SAf） nanoparticles are layer-structured particles with high single-particle magnetic moments. In order to covalently bind these nanopartides to cells, they were coated with a silica shell followed by conjugation with streptavidin. The silica coating generates both SAf@SiO2 core-shell nano- particles and silica core-free nanopartides. Using a simple magnetic separation, silica nanoparticles were removed and SAf@SiO2 nanoparticles were purified. After streptavidin conjugation, these particles were used to stain lung cancer cells, making them highly magnetically responsive. The stained cells can rotate in response to an external magnetic field and can be captured when a blood sample containing these cells flows through the sifter.

关键词： cell separation core-shell functionalization magnetic properties nanotechnology

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Rufous-and-white wrens Thryophilus rufalbus do not exhibit a dear enemy effects towards conspecific or heterospecific competitors

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Current Zoology 2015年第1期61卷 23-33页

作者： matthew m. BATTISTON David R. wilson Brendan A. GRAHAm Kristin A. KOVACH Daniel J. mENNILL Department of Biological Sciences University of Windsor Windsor Ontario Canada N9B 3P4

many territorial animals exhibit reduced aggression towards neighbours. Known as ＂the dear enemy effect＂, this phenomenon has been documented among conspecific animals across a wide range of animal taxa. In theory, the dear enemy ef- fect can also exist between individuals of different species, particularly when those species compete for shared resources. To date, a heterospecific dear enemy effects has only been documented in ants. In this study, we test for both a conspecific and heterospe- cific dear enemy effect in neotropical rufous-and-white wrens Thryophilus rufalbus. This species competes for resources with banded wrens Thryophilus pleurostictus, a closely related sympatric congener. We used acoustic playback to simulate ruf- ous-and-white wren and banded wren neighbours and non-neighbours at the edges of rufous-and-white wren territories. Ruf- ous-and-white wrens responded more strongly to signals from their own species, demonstrating that resident males discriminate between conspecific and heterospecific rivals. They did not, however, exhibit a conspecific dear enemy effect. further, they did not exhibit a heterospecific dear enemy effect. This could be due to neighbours and non-neighbours posing similar levels of threat in this system, to the possibility that playback from the edges of the subjects＇ large territories did not simulate a threatening signal, or to other factors. Our study provides the first test of a heterospecific dear enemy effect in vertebrates, and presents a valuable experimental approach for testing for a heterospecific dear enemy effect in other animals [Current Zoology 61 （1）： 23-33, 2015].

关键词： Conspecific aggression Dear enemy effect Heterospecific aggression Intra-specific interactions Inter-specific interactions Resource competition

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Use of Ribavirin for Hepatitis C Treatment in the modern Direct-acting Antiviral Era

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Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology 2018年第4期6卷 431-437页

作者： Poonam mathur Shyamasundaran Kottilil Eleanor wilson Division of Clinical Care and Research Institute of Human VirologyUniversity of Maryland School of MedicineBaltimoreMDUSA

Ribavirin,once a staple of hepatitis C treatment,has significant drawbacks,including treatment-limiting side effects,the requirement for intensive laboratory monitoring,the need for frequent dose adjustments,and *** factors make it difficult to escalate ribavirin-based HCV treatment to most infected patients *** studies have shown comparable response rates between ribavirin-inclusive and ribavirin-sparing regimens in uncomplicated patient ***,ribavirin is still used in the management of patients who have failed previous therapy as well as those with decompensated liver *** this review,we explore the evidence supporting the use of ribavirin in the current climate of hepatitis C treatment with oral combination direct-acting antiviral agents.

关键词： Chronic hepatitis C Direct-acting antivirals Ribavirin

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Arterial Stiffness as a Cardiovascular Risk factor in Prostate Cancer Survivors:A Case-Control Study

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Journal of Science in Sport and Exercise 2021年第2期3卷 171-178页

作者： Lynnette m.Jones Rebekah wilson Lee Stoner J.Chris Baldi School of Physical Education Sportand Exercise SciencesUniversity of OtagoPO Box 56DunedinNew Zealand Department of Sport and Exercise Science University of North CarolinaChapel HillNC 27599-8700USA Department of.medicine University of OtagoPO Box 56DunedinNew Zealand

Purpose In New Zealand,prostate cancer (PCa) is the most commonly diagnosed cancer in men and the third most common cause of.male cancer *** these patients,the most common non-cancer related cause of death is cardiovascular disease (CVD).Aortic arterial stiffness may be clinically viable solution for detecting and tracking CVD risk factor in PCa *** aim of the study was to determine whether aortic arterial stiffness is increased in PCa survivors compared to age-matched *** Participants recruited for this prospective comparative study were PCa survivors who had completed treatment(other than endocrine therapy) or were on active surveillance compared,or were age-matched non-cancer *** a single 1-h appointment,all participants had measures of aortic arterial stiffness,arterial wave reflection,central blood pressure and body composition *** Ninety-eight men were recruited,51 PCa survivors and 47 *** was no significant between group dif-ference for aortic arterial stiffness[12.0 m/s (SD:1.7) vs.12.0 m/s (SD:1.9),P=0.953,d=0.0].fat free mass[60.7 kg(SD:4.9) vs.65.1 kg (SD:8.3),P=0.007,d=0.6]and skeletal muscle index[8.6 kg/m2 (SD:0.6) vs.9.0 kg/m2 (SD:0.9),P=0.050,d=0.5]were lower in the PCa *** Aortic arterial stiffness is not increased (worse) in men with PCa who receive various treatments,compared to age-matched *** findings may indicate that factors other than increased aortic arterial stiffness contribute to heightened risk of cardiovascular events in this population.

关键词： Prostate cancer Cardiovascular disease Risk Arterial stiffness

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An interferometric ex vivo study of corneal biomechanics under physiologically representative loading,highlighting the role of the limbus in pressure compensation

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Eye and Vision 2020年第5期7卷 412-422页

作者： Abby wilson John Jones John RTyrer John marshall Wolfson School of.mechanical Manufacturing and Electrical EngineeringLoughborough UniversityLoughboroughUK Laser Optical Engineering Ltd. DerbyshireUK Institute of Ophthalmology UCLLondonUK

Background:The mechanical properties of the cornea are complex and regionally *** paper uses an original method to investigate the biomechanics of the cornea in response to hydrostatic loading over the typical physiological range of intra-ocular pressure(IOP)fluctuations thereby increasing understanding of clinically relevant corneal biomechanical properties and their contributions to the refractive properties of the ***:Displacement speckle pattern interferometry(DSPI)was used to measure the total surface displacement of 40 porcine and 6 human corneal-scleral specimens in response to pressure variations up to 1 mmHg from a baseline of 16.5 *** specimens were mounted in a modified artificial anterior chamber(AAC)and loaded *** of high strain in response to loading were identified by comparing the displacements across different ***:The nature of the response of the corneal surface to loading demonstrated high regional topographic *** properties were shown to be asymmetrical,and deformation of the limbal and pre-limbal regions dominated these responses respectively with over 90%(N-T)and 60%(S-I)of the total maximum displacement occurring in these regions indicating *** contrast,the curvature of the central cornea remained relatively unchanged merely translating in ***:The limbal and pre-limbal regions of the cornea appear to be fundamental to the absorption of small pressure fluctuations facilitating the curvature of the central cornea to remain relatively *** differential mechanical properties of this region could have important implications for the application of corneal surgery and corneal crosslinking,warranting further investigation.

关键词： Cornea Biomechanics Interferometry Limbus Topography

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A comparison of buffering species and regimes applied within a research-scale, recirculating aquaponics system

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Aquaculture and fisheries 2021年第5期6卷 495-505页

作者： wilson A.Lennard University of South Australia UniSA STEMSouth Australia5000Australia University of South Australia UniSA STEMSouth Australia5000Australia.

murray Cod,maccullochella peelii peelii,and Green Oak lettuce,Lactuca sativa,were used to test for differences between four buffering regimes in a research-scale,recirculating aquaponic system consisting of twelve,separate 140L aquaponic *** the aquaponic system,where plant nutrients were supplied from fish wastes and plants stripped nutrients from the water before it was returned to the fish,the buffers tested were potassium bicarbonate,calcium hydroxide,mixed(an equal mixture of potassium bicarbonate and calcium hydroxide)and a control where the buffer used was sodium *** Cod had fCRs and biomass gains that were statistically identical in all treatments(SGR=1.19%/replicate/day;fCR=0.86).Lettuce yields were determined over a 21-day trial,with the potassium treatment(yield of 4.75 kg/m2)and mixed treatment(yield of 5.00 kg/m2)providing the highest *** and mixed treatments also had lower levels of nitrate accumulation(potassium treatment=7.80 mg/L;mixed treatment=8.77 mg/L)and the lowest levels of water use(potassium treatment=1.59 L/day;mixed treatment=1.60 L/day)compared with the other test treatment and the *** and calcium treatments yielded the lowest phosphate accumulations(mixed treatment=2.81 mg/L;calcium treatment=2.60 mg/L),but the calcium treatment may have been affected by calcium-phosphate complexing which may have led to false identifiable phosphate *** dissolved oxygen,pH and conductivity,no statistical differences were ***,results suggest that potassium-based buffer salts were superior to the other buffers tested in the research-scale aquaponic system tested.

关键词： Aquaculture Aquaponic Hydroponic Buffer murray cod Lettuce

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A note on quantum odometers

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Science China mathematics 2023年第7期66卷 1555-1568页

作者： Slawomir Klimek matt mcBride J.wilson Peoples Department of.mathematical Sciences Indiana University-Purdue University IndianapolisIndianapolisIN46202USA Department of.mathematics and Statistics Mississippi State UniversityMississippi StateMS 39762USA Department of.mathematics The Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPA 16802USA

We discuss various aspects of noncommutative geometry of smooth subalgebras of Bunce-Deddens-Toeplitz algebras.

关键词： noncommutative geometry derivation smooth subalgebra K-theory

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