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Caribbean “substitution culture” is a barrier to effective treatment of persons with diabetic foot infections

作者： (英)卡梅伦·布坎南(cameron Buchanan) (印)维韦克·拉玛钱德朗(Vivek Ramachandran)

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World Journal of Surgical Procedures 2019年第2期9卷 12-18页

作者： Shamir O Cawich Vijay Naraynsingh Ramesh Jonallagadda cameron Wilkinson Department of Clinical Surgical Sciences University of the West IndiesSt.AugustineTrinidad & TobagoWest Indies Department of Surgery University of the West IndiesCave HillBarbadosWest Indies Department of Surgery Windsor UniversitySt. KittsWest Indies

Diabetes-related amputation rates are high in the Caribbean. Many authorities have identified independent risk factors for diabetes-related amputations, but cultural factors remain underappreciated. We coined the term “Caribbean substitution culture” to describe the attitude of patients with diabetic foot infections in which they refuse to access medical care, instead voluntarily choosing to substitute “bush medicines” or other alternative therapies in the place of conventional treatment. Recognizing that the Caribbean substitution culture is a barrier to effective treatment of diabetic foot infections is the first step in curbing these practices. In this paper, we discuss the issues related to the Caribbean substitution culture, including the demographics of the population at risk, the alternative therapeutic practices and potential public health strategies to combat this practice.

关键词： Diabetes Surgery Infection Caribbean Foot

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鼠眼压的测量方法

中华眼科杂志 2008年第5期44卷 465-468页

作者：彭玉豪王万恒 J.CamewnMiUar abbotF.Clark Glaucoma Research Alcon Research Ltd. Fort Worth TX 76134USA

对鼠的眼压进行测量是目前青光眼研究中的一个重要环节。本文重点介绍各种主要的鼠眼压测量方法，其中包括微管穿刺术和伺服归零微管系统、眼压笔、反弹眼压计、Goldmann压平眼压计、Schiotz压陷眼压计、气动眼压计和光干涉眼压计等的... 详细信息

对鼠的眼压进行测量是目前青光眼研究中的一个重要环节。本文重点介绍各种主要的鼠眼压测量方法，其中包括微管穿刺术和伺服归零微管系统、眼压笔、反弹眼压计、Goldmann压平眼压计、Schiotz压陷眼压计、气动眼压计和光干涉眼压计等的使用方法，并对其测量眼压的原理、校正方法及优缺点进行概述。

关键词：青光眼眼压测量法鼠科

近200a来珠穆朗玛峰北坡远东绒布冰芯气候记录

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冰川冻土 2000年第3期22卷 211-217页

作者：康世昌秦大河 Paul A. Mayewski cameron P. Wake 任贾文中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所冰芯与寒区环境开放研究实验室甘肃兰州730000 Climate Change Research Center Institute for the Study of EarthOcean and SpaceUniversity of New Hampshire

１９９７年５月中美联合珠穆朗玛峰地区绒布冰川考察期间，在远东绒布冰川海拔６５００ｍ的北支冰流粒雪盆内钻取到一支４１ｍ长冰芯．通过数年层法并根据β活化度的参照年（１９５４年和１９６３年），对远东绒布冰芯实施定年... 详细信息

１９９７年５月中美联合珠穆朗玛峰地区绒布冰川考察期间，在远东绒布冰川海拔６５００ｍ的北支冰流粒雪盆内钻取到一支４１ｍ长冰芯．通过数年层法并根据β活化度的参照年（１９５４年和１９６３年），对远东绒布冰芯实施定年，冰芯底部为１８１４年，冰芯年平均净积累量为２２４ｍｍ（冰当量）．根据远东绒布冰芯（δ１８Ｏ的变化，重建了珠穆朗玛峰北坡地区近２００ａ气候变化，发现有５次冷期和５次暖期，且总趋势为变暖，这与本世纪北半球气候变暖的趋势相一致．远东绒布冰芯气候记录同古里雅冰芯比较，两者的冷暖波动较为一致，说明青藏高原西北部和南部地区的气候变化具有共性．但是，远东绒布冰芯中δ１８Ｏ的变化在短时间尺度上与降水量变化存在某些反相关性，这种关系并未影响到δ１８Ｏ反映气温的长期变化趋势．

关键词：远东绒布冰芯气候变化珠穆朗玛峰古气候

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犯罪制图:理解犯罪热点(中)

预防青少年犯罪研究 2012年第5期 67-77页

作者：郑滋椀金诚 John E.Eck Spencer Chainey James G.cameron Michael Leitner Ronald E.Wilson 浙江警察学院杭州310053

理解犯罪热点需要具备一定的理论基础,需要相关犯罪理论的指导。理解犯罪热点具有多种方法和技术。在介绍各种方法和技术并指出各自优缺点的基础上,指出犯罪制图技术在理解犯罪热点上的显著重要性。识别犯罪热点需要借助一定的空间分析... 详细信息

理解犯罪热点需要具备一定的理论基础,需要相关犯罪理论的指导。理解犯罪热点具有多种方法和技术。在介绍各种方法和技术并指出各自优缺点的基础上,指出犯罪制图技术在理解犯罪热点上的显著重要性。识别犯罪热点需要借助一定的空间分析工具,各种空间分析工具具有自身特定的优缺点及不同的用途。为防止出现主观性和随意性,犯罪热点分析应考虑多种因素,以科学的方法实施。

关键词：犯罪热点理论基础方法和技术犯罪制图空间分析工具

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犯罪制图:理解犯罪热点(上)

预防青少年犯罪研究 2012年第4期 65-73页

作者：郑滋椀金诚 John E.Eck Spencer Chainey James G.cameron Michael Leitner Ronald E.Wilson 浙江警察学院杭州310053

关键词：犯罪热点理论基础方法和技术犯罪制图空间分析工具

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犯罪制图:理解犯罪热点(下)

预防青少年犯罪研究 2012年第6期 63-80,57页

作者：郑滋椀金诚 John E.Eck Spencer Chainey James G.cameron Michael Leitner Ronald E.Wilson 浙江警察学院杭州310053

关键词：犯罪热点理论基础方法技术犯罪制图空间分析工具

Ir（Ⅲ） Complexes as Potential Theranostic Photodynamic Therapy Agents

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Ir（Ⅲ） Complexes as Potential Theranostic Photodynamic The...

中国化学会第十六届全国光化学学术讨论会（2019）

作者： W.Sun B.Liu L.Wang C.Wang S.Moran H.Yin M.Hetu Collin G.cameron K.Colón Sherri A.McFarland Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry North Dakota State University Department of Chemistry Acadia University Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of North Carolina at Greensboro

Ir（Ⅲ） complexes with high quantum yields for triplet excited-state formation, long triplet lifetimes, and bright luminescence are potential theranostic photodynamic therapy（PDT） reagents. More importantly, the triplet excited-state characteristics of these complexes are readily tuned via alternation of the ligands However, most of the currently studied Ir（Ⅲ） complex photosensitizers mainly absorb in the UV and blue spectral region, which is not suitable for potential clinical applications. To red-shift the ground-state absorption and meanwhile to retain the desired triplet excited-state characteristics, we synthesized severa series of cationic or neutral Ir（Ⅲ） complexes that have strong absorption in the visible to the red spectra region and are emissive in the red/NIR region. Their photophysical properties and in vitro/in vivo theranostic PDT effects were systematically evaluated. Alternation of the different types of ligands dramatically impacted the natures and energies of the lowest singlet and triplet excited states of these complexes. Many of the complexes can efficiently generate singlet oxygen in solutions and other reactive oxygen species in vitro, and exhibited strong PDT effects upon visible or red light activation. One of the complexes showed the largest phototherapeutic index（＞1600） for the reported Ir（Ⅲ） complexes toward the SKMEL28 cells upon white light activation. These complexes also produce strong intracellular luminescence which highlights their potential as theranostic PDT agents.

关键词： Iridium(Ⅲ) complex photodynamic therapy photophysics singlet oxygen reactive oxygen species

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国家的诞生：源自俘虏与奴隶的变革

环球科学 2018年第1期 72-77页

作者：凯瑟琳·M·卡梅隆(Catherine M.cameron) 刘大明

2014年夏，中东恐怖组织伊斯兰国（ISIS）的军队横扫叙利亚和伊拉克北部，占领了他们眼中的异教徒雅兹迪人的村子。ISIS的士兵杀死了男性村民，将女人和女孩掠走。年仅12岁的女孩成为这些士兵的“妻子”，实际上是供士兵们泄欲的性奴。... 详细信息

2014年夏，中东恐怖组织伊斯兰国（ISIS）的军队横扫叙利亚和伊拉克北部，占领了他们眼中的异教徒雅兹迪人的村子。ISIS的士兵杀死了男性村民，将女人和女孩掠走。年仅12岁的女孩成为这些士兵的“妻子”，实际上是供士兵们泄欲的性奴。这样的恐怖事件对我们来说何其熟悉：雅兹迪女性所经历的苦难，就是历代被俘女性遭遇的剪影。

关键词：变革奴隶俘虏国家恐怖组织 ISIS 恐怖事件伊拉克

Heparin induced thrombocytopenia in critically ill: Diagnostic dilemmas and management conundrums

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World Journal of Critical Care Medicine 2015年第3期4卷 202-212页

作者： Sachin Gupta Ravindranath Tiruvoipati cameron Green John Botha Huy Tran Department of Intensive Care Medicine Frankston Hospital School of Public Health Faculty of Medicine Nursing and Health Sciences Monash University Department of Oncology Frankston Hospital

Thrombocytopenia is often noted in critically ill patients. While there are many reasons for thrombocytopenia, the use of heparin and its derivatives is increasingly noted to be associated with thrombocytopenia. Heparin induced thrombocytopenia syndrome(HITS) is a distinct entity that is characterised by the occurrence of thrombocytopenia in conjunction with thrombotic manifestations after exposure to unfractionated heparin or low molecular weight heparin. HITS is an immunologic disorder mediated by antibodies to heparin-platelet factor 4(PF4) complex. HITS is an uncommon cause of thrombocytopenia. Reported incidence of HITS in patients exposed to heparin varies from 0.2% to up to 5%. HITS is rare in ICU populations, with estimates varying from 0.39%-0.48%. It is a complex problem which may cause diagnostic dilemmas and management conundrum. The diagnosis of HITS centers around detection of antibodies against PF4-heparin complexes. Immunoassays performed by most pathology laboratories detect the presence of antibodies, but do not reveal whether the antibodies are pathological. Platelet activation assays demonstrate the presence of clinically relevant antibodies, but only a minority of laboratories conduct them. Several anticoagulants are used in management of HITS. In this review we discuss the incidence, pathogenesis, diagnosis and management of HITS.

关键词： Heparin Thrombocytopenia Critically ill Diagnosis Management