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Spatiotemporal trends of PM_(2.5) and its major chemical components at urban sites in Canada

Journal of Environmental Sciences 2021年第5期33卷 1-11页

作者： Huanbo Wang Leiming Zhang Irene Cheng Xiaohong Yao ewa Dabek-Zlotorzynska School of Environment and Resource Southwest University of Science and TechnologyMianyang 621010China Air Quality Research Division Science and Technology BranchEnvironment and Climate Change CanadaTorontoCanada Lab of Marine Environmental Science and Ecology Ministry of EducationOcean University of ChinaQingdao 266100China Air Quality Research Division Science and Technology BranchEnvironment and Climate Change CanadaOttawaCanada

To evaluate the effectiveness of emission control regulations designed for reducing air pollution, chemically resolved PM_(2.5) data have been collected across Canada through the National Air Pollution Surveillance network in the past decade. 24-hr time integrated PM_(2.5) collected at seven urban and two rural sites during 2010-2016 were analyzed to characterize geographical and seasonal patterns and associated potential causes. Site-specific seven-year mean gravimetric PM_(2.5) mass concentrations ranged from 5.7 to 9.6 μg/m^(3). Seven-year mean concentrations of SO_(4)^(2-), NO_(3)^(-), NH_(4)^(+), organic carbon(OC), and elemental carbon(EC) were in the range of 0.68 to 1.6, 0.21 to 1.5, 0.27 to 0.71, 1.1 to 1.9, and 0.37 to 0.71 μg/m^(3), accounting for 10.8%-18.1%, 3.7%-16.7%, 4.7%-7.4%, 18.4%-21.0%, and 6.4%-10.6%, respectively, of gravimetric PM_(2.5) mass. PM_(2.5) and its five major chemical components showed higher concentrations in southeastern Canada and lower values in Atlantic Canada, with the seven-year mean ratios between the two regions being on the order of 1.7 for PM_(2.5) and 1.8-7.1 for its chemical components. When comparing the concentrations between urban and rural sites within the same region, those of SO_(4)^(2-) and NH_(4)^(+) were comparable, while those of NO_(3)^(-), OC, and EC were around 20%, 40%-50%, and 70%-80%, respectively, higher at urban than rural sites, indicating the regional scale impacts of SO_(4)^(2-) and NH_(4)^(+) and effects of local sources on OC and EC. Monthly variations generally showed summertime peaks for SO_(4)^(2-) and wintertime peaks for NO_(3)^(-), but those of NH_(4)^(+), OC, and EC exhibited different seasonality at different locations.

关键词： Fine particulate matter Aerosol chemical composition Monitoring network

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Deadwood affects the soil organic matter fractions and enzyme activity of soils in altitude gradient of temperate forests

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Forest Ecosystems 2023年第3期10卷 316-327页

作者： ewa Błońska Wojciech Prazuch Jarosław Lasota Department of Ecology and Silviculture Faculty of ForestryUniversity of Agriculture in Krakow29 Listopada 46 Str.31-425KrakowPoland

The main objective of our study has been to determine the role of deadwood in the shaping of the amount of soil organic matter fractions in mountain forest *** this purpose,a climosequence approach comprising north(N)and south(S)exposure along the altitudinal gradient(600,800,1000 and 1200 m a.s.l.)was set *** comparing the properties of decomposing deadwood and those of the soils located directly beneath the decaying wood we drew conclusions about the role of deadwood in the shaping of soil organic matter fractions and soil carbon storage in different climate *** basic properties,enzymatic activity and fractions of soil organic matter(SOM)were determined in deadwood and affected directly by the components released from decaying *** decomposed deadwood impacts soil organic matter stabilization more strongly than the less decayed deadwood and the light fraction of SOM is more sensitive to deadwood effects than the heavy fraction regardless of the location in the altitude *** in SOM mineral-associated fraction C content is more pronounced in soils under the influence of deadwood located in lower locations of warmer *** released from decaying wood stimulate the enzymatic activity of soils that are within the range of deadwood influence.

关键词： Enzyme activity Forest soils Heavy fraction Light fraction Soil organic matter

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Ultrahigh temporal contrast performance of the PHELIX petawatt facility

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High Power Laser Science and Engineering 2016年第4期4卷 1-8页

作者： V.Bagnoud F.wagner Plasma physics dep. GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH Helmholtz Institute Jena

We report on the temporal contrast performance of the PHELIX facility in view of the requirements imposed by solidtarget interaction experiments. The requirement analysis for the nanosecond and picosecond temporal contrast is derived from empirical data and simple theoretical modeling, while the realization shows that using an ultrafast optical parametric amplifier and plasma mirrors enables meeting this specification.

关键词： amplified spontaneous emission chirped-pulse amplification optical parametric amplification temporal contrast

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Small bowel tumors detected and missed during capsule endoscopy: Single center experience

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第47期19卷 9043-9048页

作者： Edyta S Zagorowicz Anna M Pietrzak ewa Wronska Jacek Pachlewski Piotr Rutkowski ewa Kraszewska Jaroslaw Regula Department of Gastroenterology The Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Centre and Institute of Oncology02-781 WarsawPoland Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Medical Center for Postgraduate Education01-813 WarsawPoland Department of Soft Tissue/Bone Sarcoma and Melanoma The Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Centre and Institute of Oncology02-781 WarsawPoland

AIM:To characterize small bowel(SB)tumors detected by capsule endoscopy(CE),and identify missed ***:The study included 145 consecutive patients in whom 150 CEs were *** CE,the medical records of the study population were *** of double-or single-balloon enteroscopy performed after CE and the results of surgery in all patients operated on were *** patients were contacted through telephone interviews or postal *** addition,the national cancer registry and the polish clinical gastrointestinal stromal tumor(GIST)Registry were searched to identify missed ***:Indications for CE included overt and occult obscure gastrointestinal bleeding(n=81,53.7%),anemia(n=19,12.7%),malabsorption(n=18,12%),abnormal CB follow through(n=9,6%),abdominal pain(n=7,5%),celiac disease(n=5,3%),neuroendocrine tumor(n=3,2%),Crohn’s disease(n=2,<2%),Peutz-Jeghers syndrome(n=2,<2%),other polyposes(n=2,<2%),and diarrhea(n=2,<2%).The capsule reached the colon in 115(76.6%)*** 150 investigations,CE identified 15SB tumors(10%),14 of which were operated on or treated *** included metastatic melanoma(n=1),adenocarcinoma(n=2),and GIST(n=3).Benign neoplasms included dysplastic Peutz-Jeghers polyps(n=4).Non-neoplastic masses included venous malformation(n=1),inflammatory tumors(n=2),and a mass of unknown histology(n=1).During the follow-up period,three additional SB tumors were found(2 GISTs and one mesenteric tumor of undefined nature).The National Cancer Registry and Polish Clinical GIST Registry revealed no additional SB neoplasms in the post-examination period(follow-up:range 4.2-102.5 mo,median 39 mo).The sensitivity of CE for tumor detection was 83.3%,and the negative predictive value was 97.6%.The specificity and positive predictive value were both 100%.CONCLUSION:Neoplasms may be missed by CE,especially in the proximal *** overt obscure gastrointestinal bleeding,complementary endoscopic and/or rad

关键词： Capsule endoscopy Small bowel tumor Tumor miss rate Gastrointestinal bleeding Gastrointestinal stromal tumor

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Hydrometallurgical recovery of zinc from industrial hot dipping top ash

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Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China 2020年第8期30卷 2239-2255页

作者： ewa RUDNIK Faculty of Non-ferrous Metals AGH University of Science and TechnologyAl.Mickiewicza 3030-059 CracowPoland

Top ash from hot-dip galvanizing plant was investigated as a source of secondary zinc to be returned to galvanizing *** waste material contained 63%Zn as metallic,oxide and hydroxychloride *** was leached in H2SO4 solutions(20%and 25%)at various bath loadings(100-300 g/L).Leaching behaviors of zinc,manganese,iron and chloride ions were investigated.A few strategies of iron elimination from leaching liquors were *** addition was harmful for subsequent filtration of iron precipitates due to increased viscosity of solution,while a combination of zinc oxide and calcium carbonate for rising pH resulted in the formation of dense suspension unenforceable to separate from zinc sulphate *** electrowinning was carried out at different pH(from-0.5 to 2.8)using a range of current densities(3-10 A/dm^2).Optimal conditions for pure metal recovery were:leaching in 20%H2SO4 solution at zinc ash content 100-150 g/L,Fe2O3·xH2O precipitation using H2O2 and CaCO3,zinc electrowinning at pH of 0.1-1.0 at 3-6 A/*** between pH and free H2SO4 concentration in electrolyte solutions were also ***-acid concentration dependence for zinc electrolyte was between experimental and calculated curves for pure H2SO4 solutions,while the curve was shifted towards lower pH if ferric ions were in the solution.

关键词： top ash zinc leaching purification electrowinning recycling

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A New Species of Dactylolabis (Eobothrophorus) from Baltic Amber(Diptera:Limoniidae)

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2010年第4期84卷 768-771页

作者： Wieslaw KRZEMINSKI Iwona KANIA ewa KRZEMINSKA Institute of Systematic and Evolution of Animals Polish Academy of Sciences KrakowPoland Department of Environmental Biology Rzeszow UniversityAleja Rejtana 16c35-959 RzeszowPoland

A new species, Dactylolabis （Eobothrophorus） hoffeinsorum sp. nov. from the Baltic amber is described, based on one male. The distinctive characters are the shape of the discal cell in the wing and the shape of the process on tergite IX. The description of Dactylolabis （Eobothrophorus） lauryni Podenas, 2003 is amended, based on an additional specimen. With the new species added herein, the number of species of this subgenus totals four. The wing venation, antennae, and tergal processes of all four species of the subgenus described from the Baltic amber are compared.

关键词： new species Dactylolabis (Eobothrophorus) hoffeinsorum Dactylolabinae Limoniidae fossil Diptera,Eocene Baltic amber

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Effect of pH-dependent bath speciation on cobalt electrodeposition from sulfate-gluconate solutions

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Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China 2024年

作者： ewa Rudnik AGH University of Krakow， Faculty of Non–Ferrous Metals Al.Mickiewicza 30

pH-dependent multiple equilibria in cobalt sulfate-gluconate bathswerecalculated using stability constants adopted from literature. Changes of the bath speciation were thendiscussed in terms of spectrophotometric experiments and buffering properties of the solutions (pH of 3-10).Cyclic voltammetry indicated changes in electrochemical behavior of cobalt species caused by different ionic composition of the electrolytes. Tafel slopes were calculated and discussed in relation to electroreduction of cobalt species. Chronoamperometric studies showed 3D instantaneous nucleation of cobalt followed by diffusion controlled growth， but it was disturbed at higher pH due to release of cation from gluconate complexes as a limiting step. Diffusion coefficients of cobalt species were found. Changes in the pH werealso reflected by modifications of morphology (SEM)，development of preferred orientation planes(XRD， texture coefficients)and current efficiency， but not thickness of the coatings deposited at constant potential of -1.0V (Ag/AgCl).Anodic stripping analysis showed changes in anodic responses originated from the existence of preferentially oriented planes in cobalt layers.

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The Application of Cellulose Nanocrystals Modified with Succinic Anhydride under the Microwave Irradiation for Preparation of Polylactic Acid Nanocomposites

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2021年第6期9卷 1127-1142页

作者： ewa Szefer Agnieszka Leszczyńska Edyta Hebda Krzysztof Pielichowski Department of Chemistry and Technology of Polymers Cracow University of TechnologyKrakow31-155Poland

The aim of this work was to use cellulose nanocrystals that were obtained by hydrolysis in phosphoric acid solution and further modified with succinic anhydride in the microwave field for PLA reinforcement.A series of allbionanocomposites containing unmodified and surface modified cellulose nanocrystals with CNC content in the range of 1–3%_(w.t.) were obtained by melt blending and tested by XRD,SEM,DSC and DMA to investigate the effect of surface esterification of CNCs on the structure,morphology,dynamic mechanical properties of bionanocomposites,as well as phase transitions of PLA in the presence of cellulosic *** investigations showed the highest increase of storage modulus by ca.7%(335 MPa at 25℃)in the glassy state of PLA for 2%_(w.t.)of unmodified ***,addition of 2%_(w.t.)of succinylated CNCs caused the highest increase of the onset of glass transition temperature(by 6.2℃)thus widening the temperature range of biocomposite *** increase of glass transition temperature indicates the strongest interfacial interactions due to improved miscibility of surface modified nanocrystals and thus good dispersion of additive in PLA matrix providing high interface.

关键词： Cellulose nanocrystals CNC whiskers surface modification succinic anhydride PLA polylactic acid nanocomposites

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Specific and Selective Bacteriophages in the Fight against Multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii

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Virologica Sinica 2019年第4期34卷 347-357页

作者： Natalia Baginska Anna Pichlak Andrzej Gorski ewa Jonczyk-Matysiak Bacteriophage Laboratory Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental TherapyPolish Academy of Sciences53-114 WroclawPoland Phage Therapy Unit Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental TherapyPolish Academy of Sciences53-114 WroclawPoland Department of Clinical Immunology Transplantation InstituteMedical University of Warsaw53-114 WarsawPoland

Acinetobacter baumannii causes serious infections especially in immunocompromised and/or hospitalized *** *** strains are multidrug resistant and infect wounds,bones,and the respiratory *** studies are focused on finding new effective agents against *** therapy is a promising means to fight this bacterium and many studies on procuring and applying new phages against *** are currently being *** shown in animal models,phages against multidrug-resistant *** may control bacterial infections caused by this pathogen and may be a real hope to solve this dangerous health problem.

关键词： Acinetobacter baumannii Bacteriophages Phage therapy Multidrug resistance(MDR)

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Financialisation in emerging economies:a systematic overview and comparison with Anglo-Saxon economies

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Economic and Political Studies 2017年第1期5卷 60-86页

作者： ewa Karwowski Engelbert Stockhammer School of Social and Behavioural Sciences Kingston UniversityLondonUK

Financialisation research has originally focussed on the US experience,but the concept is now increasingly applied to emerging economies(EMEs).There is a rich literature stressing peculiarities of individual country experiences,but little systematic comparison across *** paper fills this gap,providing an overview of the debate and identifying six financialisation interpretations for *** different interpretations stress(1)financial deregulation,(2)foreign financial inflows,(3)asset price volatility,(4)the shift from bank-based to market-based finance,(5)business debt,and(6)household *** construct and compare measures of the six financialisation interpretations across a sample of 17 EMEs from Latin America,emerging Europe,Africa and Asia,contrasting them with the US and UK,two financialised *** find considerable variation in financialisation experiences of *** price volatility is found across the *** has been more exposed to capital inflows,stock markets have gained importance and private sector debt has *** emerging Europe financial deregulation has been more pronounced with lower levels but strong increases in household *** picture is similar in South Africa,the African EME in the sample,where household debt is comparatively *** in Latin America is weaker according to our measures.

关键词： Financialisation emerging markets financial instability asset price volatility heterodox economics

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