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从工业热浸镀锌灰中湿法回收锌

Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China 2020年第8期30卷 2239-2255页

作者： ewa rudnik Faculty of Non-ferrous Metals AGH University of Science and TechnologyAl.Mickiewicza 3030-059 CracowPoland

研究热浸镀锌厂的锌灰,使之可以作为二次锌资源返回镀锌槽。这种废料中含有63%的锌,锌以金属、氧化物和羟基氯化物相存在。在各种浸出槽负荷(100~300 g/L)下于H2SO4溶液(20%,25%)中浸出锌灰,研究锌、锰、铁和氯离子的浸出行为。考察几... 详细信息

研究热浸镀锌厂的锌灰,使之可以作为二次锌资源返回镀锌槽。这种废料中含有63%的锌,锌以金属、氧化物和羟基氯化物相存在。在各种浸出槽负荷(100~300 g/L)下于H2SO4溶液(20%,25%)中浸出锌灰,研究锌、锰、铁和氯离子的浸出行为。考察几种从浸出液中除铁的方法。添加絮凝剂对后续的铁沉淀物过滤有害,因为会导致溶液黏度增大;氧化锌与为了提高pH值而加入的碳酸钙结合,形成高密度的悬浊液,无法从硫酸锌溶液中分离出来。在不同的pH值(-0.5~2.8)下进行锌电积,电流密度范围为3~10 A/dm^2。从锌灰中回收纯金属的最佳条件如下:用20%的硫酸浸出,浸出槽负荷100~150 g/L,用H2O2和CaCO3沉淀出Fe2O3·xH2O,在pH 0.1~1.0、电流密度3~6 A/dm2的条件下进行电积锌。还讨论电解液中pH与游离H2SO4浓度之间的关系。锌电解液的pH-酸浓度曲线介于纯H2SO4溶液的实验曲线与计算曲线之间;如果溶液中存在铁离子,则曲线向低pH方向移动。

关键词：锌灰锌浸出净化电积回收利用

熔炼低品位电子废料中铜的湿法冶金选择性回收

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Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China 2015年第8期25卷 2763-2771页

作者： ewa rudnik Karolina KOLCZYK Dawid KUTYLA Department of Physical Chemistry and Metallurgy of Non-Ferrous Metals Faculty of Non-Ferrous MetalsAGH University of Science and Technology

比较从低品位电工电子废料中选择性回收铜的3种湿法冶金方法。首先将废料熔炼成Cu-Zn-Sn-Ag合金,并采用SEM-EDS和XRD进行表征。对合金进行阳极溶解,首先采用氨溶液和硫酸溶液对合金进行电沉积或在氨-硫酸铵溶液中浸出,然后进行电沉积铜... 详细信息

比较从低品位电工电子废料中选择性回收铜的3种湿法冶金方法。首先将废料熔炼成Cu-Zn-Sn-Ag合金,并采用SEM-EDS和XRD进行表征。对合金进行阳极溶解,首先采用氨溶液和硫酸溶液对合金进行电沉积或在氨-硫酸铵溶液中浸出,然后进行电沉积铜。实现了各种金属分离,Pb、Ag和Sn等沉积在阳极泥中,而铜则转移至电解液中并在阴极上还原析出。最佳的处理条件为在硫酸溶液中浸出,获得的最终产品为高纯Cu(99%),电流效率为90%。采用氨浸出可使Cu离子富集在电解液中,利于后续的电沉积,但是自发溶解的速率较低。在氨-硫酸铵溶液中进行阳极溶解不利于各种金属在阳极泥、电解液和阴极沉积物进行分离。

关键词：铜合金浸出电解回收电工电子废料

The rate of deadwood decomposition processes in tree stand gaps resulting from bark beetle infestation spots in mountain forests

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Forest Ecosystems 2024年第3期11卷 339-346页

作者： ewa Błonska Adam Gorski Jarosław Lasota Department of Ecology and Silviculture Faculty of ForestryUniversity of Agriculture in Krakow29 Listopada 46 Str.31-425KrakowPoland

Decaying wood is an essential element of forest ecosystems and it affects its other *** aim of our research was to determine the decomposition rate of deadwood in various humidity and thermal conditions in the gaps formed in the montane forest *** research was carried out in the Babiog orski National *** research plots were marked out in the gaps of the stands,which were formed as a result of bark beetle *** plots were located in undisturbed *** research covered wood of two species–spruce and beech in the form of cubes with dimensions of 50 mm×50 mm×22 *** samples were placed directly on the soil surface and subjected to laboratory analysis after 36 months.A significant influence of the wood species and the study plot type on the physicochemical properties of the tested wood samples was *** characteristics strongly correlated with soil moisture.A significantly higher mass decline of wood samples was recorded on the reference study plots,which were characterized by more stable moisture *** decomposition of wood in the gaps regardless of the species is related to lower *** wood species covered by the study differed in the decomposition *** wood samples were characterized by a significantly higher decomposition rate compared to beech wood *** research has confirmed that disturbances that lead to the formation of gaps have a direct impact on the decomposition process of deadwood.

关键词： Bark beetle Beech Decomposition rate Forest ecosystem Mass decline Spruce Woody debris

Early response of understory vegetation to the mass dieback of Norway spruce in the European lowland temperate forest

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Forest Ecosystems 2024年第2期11卷 214-225页

作者： Jan Marek Matuszkiewicz Andrzej N.Affek Piotr Zaniewski ewa Kołaczkowska Faculty of Geography and Regional Studies University of WarsawPoland Institute of Geography and Spatial Organization Polish Academy of SciencesPoland Institute of Forest Sciences Warsaw University of Life SciencesPoland

Spruce-dominated forests are commonly exposed to disturbances associated with mass occurrences of bark *** dieback of trees triggers many physical and chemical processes in the ecosystem resulting in rapid changes in the vegetation of the lower forest *** aimed to determine the response of non-tree understory vegetation to the mass dieback of Norway spruce(Picea abies)in the first years after the disturbance caused by the European spruce bark beetle(Ips typographus)*** study area was the Białowieża Biosphere Reserve covering the Polish part of the emblematic Białowieża Forest,in total 597km^(2).The main data source comprised 3,900 phytosociological relevés(combined spring and summer campaigns)collected from 1,300 systematically distributed forest sites in 2016–2018–the peak years of the bark beetle *** found that the understory responded immediately to mass spruce dieback,with the most pronounced changes observed in the year of the disturbance and the subsequent ***-tolerant forest species declined in the initial years following the mass spruce dieback,while hemicryptophytes,therophytes,light-demanding species associated with non-forest seminatural communities,as well as water-demanding forest species,*** acetosella,the most common understory species in the Białowieża Forest,showed a distinct fluctuation pattern,with strong short-term expansion right after spruce dieback,followed by a gradual decline over the next 3–4 years to a cover level 5 percentage points lower than before the ***,our study revealed that mass spruce dieback selectively affects individual herb species,and their responses can be directional and non-directional(fluctuation).Furthermore,we demonstrated that the mass dieback of spruce temporarily increases plant species diversity(α-diversity).

关键词： Forest disturbance Bark beetle outbreak Picea abies Ips typographus Response of understory vegetation Herbaceous species Biaowieza Forest

Empowerment in chronic wound care——exploring the scope for patient contribution

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Frontiers of Nursing 2024年第1期11卷 1-16页

作者： Benedikt Hackert ewa Klara Stürmer Ulrich Weger Department of Psychology and Psychotherapy University of Witten/HerdeckeAlfred-Herrhausen-Straße 5058448 WittenGermany Department for Vascular Medicine University Heart and Vascular Center HamburgUniversity Medical Center Hamburg-EppendorfMartinistreet 5220246 HamburgGermany

Objective:In this study,we investigated the concept of empowerment in chronic wound care and propose to facilitate patient control by making use of degrees of freedom(DOF):that is,shaping of everyday wound care tasks initiated by patients and based on their wishes,mostly in terms of patients executing treatment steps,requesting or directing health care professionals to under take changes,or modifications of internal ***:As a first step,we conducted a systematic literature search,followed by an inductive form of qualitative content analysis,which resulted in the identification of 5 dimensions as main elements of empowerment:education and shared decision making,adherence to self-care behaviors,responsibility and control,general call for empowerment,and ***,the latter are noticeably absent in the *** investigate patients'freedom in shaping the wound care process,we conducted a second literature ***:A number of possibilities for patients to influence the wound care process could be identified,but experimental or clinical evidence about their effects is missing,their variety is limited,and they are only inadequately ***:However,DOF should be an indispensable aspect of genuine empowerment,since they allow patients to occupy the role of the agent in the treatment process and give rise to the subjective experience of feeling ***,in the third part,we develop a research proposal on how to investigate and include DOF in the clinical practice of wound ***,limitations about implementations are discussed(e.g.,patients being reluctant to overcome their passive role,resulting in frustration for health care professionals).

关键词： adherence chronic wounds control degrees of freedom empowerment shared decision making

Facile synthesis of accordion-like porous carbon from waste PET bottles-based MIL-53(Al) and its application for high-performance Zn-ion capacitor

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Green Energy & Environment 2024年第7期9卷 1138-1150页

作者： Jiaxin Li Shuai Zhang Yumeng Hua Yichao Lin Xin Wen ewa Mijowska Tao Tang Xuecheng Chen Rodney S.Ruoff Faculty of Chemical Technology and Engineering West Pomeranian University of Technology Key State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Safety Engineering China University of Mining and Technology Institute of Advanced Electrical Materials Qingdao University of Science and Technology Institute for Basic Science Center for Multiple Dimensional Carbon Materials Department of Chemistry Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST) Department of Materials Science and Engineering Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST) School of Energy and Chemical Engineering Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST)

It is of great scientific and economic value to recycle waste poly（ethylene terephthalate）(PET) into high-value PET-based metal organic frameworks（MOFs） and further convert it into porous carbon for green energy storage applications. In the present study, a facile and costeffective hydrothermal process was developed to direct recycle waste PET bottles into MIL-53（Al） with a 100% conversation, then the MOFderived porous carbon was assembled into electrodes for high-performance supercapacitors. The results indicated that the as-synthesized carbon exhibited high SSA of 1712 m2g-1and unique accordion-like structure with hierarchical porosity. Benefit to these advantageous characters, the assembled three-electrode supercapacitor displayed high specific capacitances of 391 F g-1at the current density of 0.5 A g-1and good rate capability of 73.6% capacitance retention at 20 A g-1in 6 mol L-1KOH electrolyte. Furthermore, the assembled zinc ion capacitor still revealed outstanding capacitance of 335 F g-1at 0.1 A g-1, excellent cycling stability of 92.2% capacitance retention after 10 000 cycles and ultra-high energy density of 150.3 Wh kg-1at power density of 90 W kg-1in 3 mol L-1ZnSO4electrolyte. It is believed that the current work provides a facile and effective strategy to recycle PET waste into high-valuable MOF, and further expands the applications of MOF-derived carbons for high-performance energy storage devices, so it is conducive to both pollution alleviation and sustainable economic development.

关键词： PET Recycling Porous carbon Supercapacitor Energy storage

The transcriptional landscape of the developmental switch from regular pollen maturation towards microspore-derived plant regeneration in barley

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The Crop Journal 2024年第4期12卷 1064-1080页

作者： Anna Nowicka Martin Kovacik Anna Maksylewicz Przemysław Kopec ewa Dubas Monika Krzewska Agnieszka Springer Robert E.Hoffie Diaaeldin S.Daghma Zbynek Milec Ales Pecinka Jochen Kumlehn Iwona Zur The Franciszek Górski Institute of Plant Physiology Polish Academy of Sciences Niezapominajek 2130-239 KrakówPoland Institute of Experimental Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences Centre of Plant Structural and Functional GenomicsŠlechtitelu3177900 OlomoucCzech Republic Department of Cell Biology and Genetics Faculty of SciencePalacky UniversityŠlechtitelu°2777900 OlomoucCzech Republic Malopolska Centre of Biotechnology Jagiellonian University30-387 KrakówPoland Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research(IPK)Gatersleben Corrensstraße 306466 Stadt SeelandGermany Institute for Breeding Research on Horticultural Crops Julius Kühn Institute(JKI)-Federal Research Centre for Cultivated PlantsErwin-Baur Straße 2706484 QuedlinburgGermany Global Change Research Institute Czech Academy of Sciences Beˇlidla 986/4a60300 BrnoCzech Republic

Plant formation from in vitro-cultivated microspores involves a complex network of internal and environmental ***/doubled haploids(DHs)derived from in vitro-cultured microspores are widely used in plant breeding and genetic ***,the mechanism underlying the developmental switch from regular pollen maturation towards microspore-derived plant regeneration remains poorly ***,RNA-sequencing was employed to elucidate the transcriptional landscapes of four early stages of microspore embryogenesis(ME)in barley cultivars Golden Promise and Igri,which exhibit contrasting responsiveness to microspore-derived plant *** experiments revealed fundamental regulatory networks,specific groups of genes,and transcription factor(TF)families potentially regulating the developmental *** identified a set of candidate genes crucial for genotype-dependent responsiveness/recalcitrance to *** high-resolution temporal transcriptome atlas provides an important resource for future functional studies on the genetic control of microspore developmental transition.

关键词： Hordeum vulgare Marker gene Microspore embryogenesis Stress response Transcriptome analysis

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动物史的内涵与价值

社会科学战线 2024年第3期345卷 110-123页

作者： [波兰]爱娃·多曼斯卡张作成(译) 波兹南密茨凯维奇大学历史系波兰波兹南761614 东北师范大学历史文化学院

文章反思了动物史这一新兴史学领域,并提出了动物史研究的主要论点与未来任务。文章的主要目标是明确苏珊·南斯主编的《历史中的动物》给动物史研究带来的新前景和可能性。这些研究前景和可能性体现在,从动物的视角理解动物中介(将动... 详细信息

文章反思了动物史这一新兴史学领域,并提出了动物史研究的主要论点与未来任务。文章的主要目标是明确苏珊·南斯主编的《历史中的动物》给动物史研究带来的新前景和可能性。这些研究前景和可能性体现在,从动物的视角理解动物中介(将动物看作认识历史的中介和历史中的行动者);在“以人类为中心”的档案中寻找动物的痕迹,并搜集有关动物记述的历史资料。文章还讨论了动物史研究在方法论上面临的困难,尤其是探索动物历史过程中人文社会科学与生命科学合并的可能性。这篇评论思考了动物史研究如何推动学术界反思历史学的学科基础问题。一些学术反思来自于主张彻底进行跨学科研究的学者,其中许多是历史学家。这些学者不仅致力于将历史学与动物心理学、生态学、行为学、进化生物学和动物学等学科结合,而且对历史学科的基本假设提出了质疑:历史学家获得的建构过去知识的地位以及这类知识的认识论地位。在这种语境中,出现了若干问题:我们能否实现“物种间的能力”(埃丽卡·富奇的术语),以创造有关过去的多物种知识?对动物感知变化的研究能否帮助我们提出看待过去的非历史路径?我们能够以多物种的作者身份想象过去的解释吗?

关键词：多物种动物史人类—动物关系动物中介动物的观点非人类中心的档案历史资料动物证词跨学科

Trends in the indices of precipitation phases under current warming in Poland,1966e2020

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Advances in Climate Change Research 2023年第1期14卷 97-115页

作者： ewa B.ŁUPIKASZA Łukasz MAŁARZEWSKI Faculty of Natural Sciences Institute of Earth SciencesUniversity of Silesia in KatowiceKatowice 40-007Poland

In Poland the phase in which precipitation occurs impacts the availability of water in its reservoirs,the potential for hydrological droughts,snowfall flooding and winter *** influence of warming on the occurrence of precipitation phases on the Polish scale has not been studied so *** on data from 42 synoptic stations for the period 1966-2020,this study discusses trends in the indices of liquid(Lq),mixed(Mx)and solid(Sd)precipitation describing their totals(T),frequencies(Nd)and contribution to overall precipitation totals(T%)and a number of days with overall precipitation(Nd%)from a seasonal ***,the influence of seasonal and daily air temperatures on longterm variability in the precipitation phase indices was *** precipitation phase was discriminated based on the observations of weather phenomena noted as current and past weather considering days with precipitation0.1 *** phases significantly reacted to current *** strongest and widespread were increasing trends in rains(+1.74 for LqNd,+5.35 mm for LqT,+3.51%for LqNd%,+4.08%for LqT%per decade)and decreasing trends in snowfalls(-1.92 for SdNd,-3.12 mm for SdT,-3.65%for SdNd%,-3.26%for SdT%per decade)in winter when the warming was weakest but average temperature was close to freezing *** winter,air temperature explained 60%e80%of the variance in the frequency of snowfall and *** air temperature>-2℃ contributed to trends in winter rainfall while daily air temperature>1C most contributed to trends in winter *** trends in winter mixed precipitation were due to opposite changes in its frequency above and below 1℃.In spring,the increase in a liquid phase was due more to the melting of a solid and mixed phase,while in autumn,it was due more to the transformation of a mixed phase into a liquid *** spring,air temperature explained at most 30%-50%of the variance in the indices of snowfall *** trends in mixed precipit

关键词： Snowfall Rainfall Precipitation trends Central Europe