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Improving Self-Su.ply of u.ban Water and Sanitation Projects throu.h Microfinancing in Nigeria

Jou.nal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2018年第2期6卷 20-33页

作者： Emma E. Ezenwaji everistu. u. anyaeze Anthony u. Nwafor Department of Geography and Meteorology Nnamdi Azikiwe University Awka Nigeria Department of Environmental Management Nnamdi Azikiwe University Awka Nigeria Department of Civil Engineering Federal Polytechnic Oko Nigeria

Most water and sanitation projects in poor neighbou.hood of u.ban Nigeria are execu.ed throu.h self-su.ply option. This is defined as an incremental improvement of WASH produ.ts e.g. water and sanitation stru.tu.es by a hou.ehold or small grou. of hou.eholds which are financed by their own effort and investment. It is indeed a concept which complements conventional water su.ply and sanitation fu.ded by government. The aim of this paper is, therefore, to investigate the extent of the u.e of innovative financing especially grou. saving approach to improve water and sanitation projects in Awka town, Nigeria. Towards achieving the aim, data were collected throu.h qu.stionnaires which were designed and administered on the respondents between Janu.ry and April, 2016 and from other secondary sou.ces. Data were analyzed u.ing Principal Component Analysis and Component scores to establish the extent of the u.e of this option in the 9 component qu.rters of the town. Resu.t shows that some qu.rters have perfected u.ing the self-su.ply option while in others, it is yet to be widely accepted. It is finally recommended among others that the u.ban water policy as well as u.ban water safety plan shou.d be revised to inclu.e the option as a way of improving domestic water su.ply and sanitation in the town.

关键词： Water Sanitation Hou.eholds Innovative Self-Su.ply

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Biodiversity and Carbon Potentials of a Nigerian Forest Reserve: Insights from the Niger Basin

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Jou.nal of Environmental Protection 2017年第8期8卷 914-922页

作者： Nwabu.ze I. Igu.Chu.wu.i P. Nzoiwu.Evaristu. u. anyaeze Department of Geography and Meteorology Nnamdi Azikiwe University Awka Nigeria Department of Environmental Management Nnamdi Azikiwe University Awka Nigeria

Forest reserves are expected to host a wide array of biodiversity and provide refu.e for rare species that may be threatened in nearby forest landscapes. While this is the gu.ding protocol for most reserves across the tropics, su.h as Nigeria, the extent to which they host biodiversity and act as potential stores for carbon are qu.te u.certain. This stu.y u.ed a fou. hectare randomly selected forest plots to verify the biodiversity of the reserve, its stand stru.tu.e and potentials for carbon storage. Species importance valu. was u.ed to su.marize the composition of the landscape. Both the diversity (mean diversity = 0.85) and species richness (eleven species) were low. Biodiversity in the area was qu.te poor and was mostly composed of Elaeis gu.neensis and Gmelina arborea, which had relative densities of 74.6% and 11.96%, respectively. Over exploitation and preference for fast-growing exotic species explained the poor stand stru.tu.e and composition of the landscape, respectively. Very few tree stands were fou.d in the matu.e stru.tu.al class, and its capacity to facilitate regeneration and resilience seemed low. Its ability to store carbon in its biomass is equ.lly low;since the forest landscape was mu.h degraded. Maximizing the vast land of the reserve for targeted carbon storage (throu.h mass tree planting) is a potential step that cou.d forestall carbon sequ.stration across the region, especially becau.e, su.h vast and available (forest) land cannot be gu.ranteed in most other forest landscapes.

关键词： Conservation Degradation Freshwater Management Swamp Tropical

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