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Angiogenic markers endoglin and vascular endothelial growth factor in gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2011年第2期17卷 219-225页

作者： Patricia Kuiper Lukas JAC Hawinkels eveline sm de jonge-muller Izk Biemond Cornelis BHW Lamers Hein W Verspaget department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Leiden University Medical Centre department of Molecular Cell Biology and Centre for Biomedical Genetics Leiden University Medical Centre

AIM:To investigate the expression and potential prognostic role of vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) and endoglin in gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors(GEP-NETs) . METHODS:Microvessel density(MVD) in GEP-NETs was evaluated using endoglin and CD31 *** addition,tissue levels of endoglin and VEGF were determined in homogenates by ELISA. RESULTS:Endoglin was highly expressed on tumor endothelial ***31 MVD in GEP-NETs was significantly higher compared to endoglin MVD(P<0.01) .Two-tofour-fold higher tissue levels of endoglin and VEGF were seen in tumors compared to associated normal tissue. This increased endoglin tissue expression in tumors was significantly related to tumor size(P<0.01) ,presence of metastases(P=0.04) ,and a more advanced tumor stage(P=0.02) ,whereas expression of VEGF was not. CONCLUSION:We suggest that endoglin is a potential marker to indicate and predict metastases,which might be useful in the post-resection therapeutic approach of patients with GEP-NETs.

关键词： Neuroendocrine tumor Carcinoid tumor Angiogenesis factors Endoglin Vascular endothelial growth factor

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Adaptation of Industrial Organisations to the Environment Grounded in Evolutionary Models

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厦门大学学报（自然科学版） 2002年第S1期41卷 248-页

作者： Rob dekkers eveline van de Boogaard Naima el-Bouzidi Hil de Skraastad Section Production Technology and Organisation Delft University of TechnologySection Production Technology and Organisation Delft University of TechnologySection Production Technology and Organisation Delft University of TechnologySection Production Technology and Organisation Delft University of Technology The NetherlandsThe NetherlandsThe NetherlandsThe Netherlands

Yes, we perceive that the environment in which comp an ies operate, is changing at higher speeds then before. Globalisation, higher inn ovation rates, customisation, more intense competition, technological developmen ts account for these changes effecting the way industrial companies operate and eventually their structures and processes. Companies have to adapt themselves to these changes. The question arose whether the approach of the Section Industria l Organisation and Management that it has practised for redesign of processes an d organisational structures also withholds in this era of continuous change. Sec ondly, firms are also looking for contingencies in processes and structures to i mprove their chances for survival. These two questions into the processes and st ructures within the firm that it needs to support adaptation to the ever-changi ng environment direct this research. Industrial companies will have to increase to their Complexity Handling Capabili ty, the ability to cope with changes in its environment and imposed complexity p ouring in from the environment. To do so, they might decrease their internal com plexity through redefining their organisations and product structure. The effect of these measurements seems limited; more might be won by learning to increase its base of capabilities. The increase of capabilities holds parallels to the de velopment of species in biology and paleontology for which two models exist: the punctuated equilibrium and the phyletic gradualism. The punctuated equilibr ium supposes that periods of turmoil are interchanged by periods of fermentation giving rise to new variants and products (for companies). The phyletic graduali sm relies on the development of characteristics in species that are initially ha rd to detect but will lead at the end to new species. Whatever might be true for biology and palaeontology, these two models appear as a possibility for cla ssifying the theories of organisational change. Also, these t

关键词： Adaptation companies turmoil operate themselves holds Complexity giving competition technological

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