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Customized scaffolds for large bone defects using 3D‑printed modular blocks from 2D‑medical images

Bio-Design and Manufacturing 2024年第1期7卷 74-87页

作者： Anil AAcar evangelos dask.lak.s Paulo Bartolo Andrew Weightman Glen Cooper Gordon Blunn Bahattin Koc Faculty of Engineering and Natural sciences Sabanci UniversityIstanbul 34956Türkiye D Bioprinting Laboratory Sabanci University Nanotechnology Research and Application CenterIstanbul 34956Türkiye school of Mechanical Aerospace and Civil EngineeringManchester Institute of BiotechnologyUniversity of ManchesterManchester M139PLUK singapore Centre for 3D Printing School of Mechanical and Aerospace EngineeringNanyang Technological UniversitySingapore 639798Singapore school of Pharmacy and Biomedical sciences University of PortsmouthPortsmouth PO12UPUK

Additive manufacturing(AM)has revolutionized the design and manufacturing of patient-specific,three-dimensional(3D),complex porous structures known as scaffolds for tissue engineering *** use of advanced image acquisition techniques,image processing,and computer-aided design methods has enabled the precise design and additive manufacturing of anatomically correct and patient-specific implants and ***,these sophisticated techniques can be timeconsuming,labor-intensive,and ***,the necessary imaging and manufacturing equipment may not be readily available when urgent treatment is needed for trauma *** this study,a novel design and AM methods are proposed for the development of modular and customizable scaffold blocks that can be adapted to fit the bone defect area of a *** modular scaffold blocks can be combined to quickly form any patient-specific scaffold directly from two-dimensional(2D)medical images when the surgeon lacks access to a 3D printer or cannot wait for lengthy 3D imaging,modeling,and 3D printing during *** proposed method begins with developing a bone surface-modeling algorithm that reconstructs a model of the patient’s bone from 2D medical image measurements without the need for expensive 3D medical imaging or *** algorithm can generate both patient-specific and average bone ***,a biomimetic continuous path planning method is developed for the additive manufacturing of scaffolds,allowing porous scaffold blocks with the desired biomechanical properties to be manufactured directly from 2D data or *** algorithms are implemented,and the designed scaffold blocks are 3D printed using an extrusion-based AM *** and instructions are also provided to assist surgeons in assembling scaffold blocks for the self-repair of patient-specific large bone defects.

关键词： Additive manufacturing Modular scaffolds Large bone defect Customized scaffold design Patient-specific scaffolds

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Grafts in Peyronie’s surgery without the use of prostheses:a systematic review and meta-analysis

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2024年第3期26卷 250-259页

作者： Anastasios Natsos Vasileios Tatanis stavros Kontogiannis sharon Waisbrod Kristiana Gkeka Mohamed Obaidad Angelis Peteinaris Konstantinos Pagonis Costas Papadopoulos Panagiotis Kallidonis evangelos Liatsikos Petros Drettas Department of Urology University of PatrasPatras 26500Greece Uroclinic Pfaeffikon 8808Switzerland Department of Medical Physics University of PatrasPatras26500Greece Department of Urology Medical University of ViennaVienna 1090Austria

Peyronie’s disease(PD)is characterized by abnormal penile curvature,and various surgical methods have been developed usingdifferent graft ***,there is currently no universal agreement on which type of graft is the *** objective of thisreview was to evaluate the available literature and identify the most effective graft material for penile curvature correction in PD.A literature search was conducted using electronic databases,including PubMed,scopus,and the Cochrane *** patients,intervention,comparison,and outcome(PICO)approach was used to define the eligibility of *** authors independentlyselected studies,evaluated them,and extracted ***-effect models using the Dersimonian–Laird method were *** were single-arm studies and had a high risk of *** mucosa grafts(BMG)were found to result in the highest penilestraightening rates and were associated with the least de novo erectile *** grafts demonstrated a high successrate in straightening despite a higher mean preoperative curvature,while Tutoplast grafts had a higher incidence of postoperativeerectile *** had the highest percentage of postoperative penile ***,the Tachosil graft showed thebest performance when preoperative curvature is taken into *** on the available literature,BMG appear to be the mosteffective for penile curvature correction in PD,but this is offset by the requirement for low preoperative *** Tachosilgraft shows the best overall performance when preoperative curvature is *** randomized clinical trials arestill needed to determine graft superiority.

关键词： erectile function penile curvature penile grafts Peyronie’s disease

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Impact of bisphosphonate treatment on bone mineral density after kidney transplant

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World Journal of Transplantation 2024年第3期14卷 102-109页

作者： Georgia Andriana Georgopoulou Marios Papasotiriou Theodoros Ntrinias Eirini savvidaki Dimitrios s Goumenos evangelos Papachristou Department of Nephrology and Kidney Transplantation University Hospital of PatrasPatras 26504Greece

BACKGROUND Mineral bone disease is associated with chronic kidney disease and persists after kidney *** treatment contributes to the patho-genesis of this *** treatments have shown positive but inde-finite *** To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of bisphosphonate treatment on post kidney transplantation bone mineral density(BMD).METHODs We included kidney transplant recipients(KTRs)whose BMD was measured after the operation but before the initiation of treatment and their BMD was measured at least one year *** also evaluated the BMD of KTRs using two valid mea-surements after transplantation who received no treatment(control group).REsULTs Out of 254 KTRs,62(39 men)were included in the *** were initiated in 35 KTRs in total(20 men),1.1±2.4 years after operation and for a period of 3.9±2.3 years while 27(19 men)received no *** improved significantly in KTRs who received bisphosphonate treatments(from-2.29±1.07 to-1.66±1.09,Pshowed a non-significant decrease in BMD after 4.2±1.4 years of follow-up after *** function was not affected by bisphosphonate *** KTRs with established osteoporosis,active treatment had a similar and significant effect on those with osteopenia or normal bone *** In this retrospective study of KTRs receiving bisphosphonate treatment,we showed that active treatment is effective in preventing bone loss irrespective of baseline BMD.

关键词： Mineral and bone disorders Chronic kidney disease Kidney transplant recipients Bisphosphonates Bone mineral density

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The influence of reflections from the train body and the ground on the sound radiation from a railway rail

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Railway sciences 2024年第1期3卷 1-17页

作者： David J.Thompson Dong Zhao evangelos Ntotsios Giacomo squicciarini Ester Cierco Erwin Jansen Institute of sound and Vibration Research University of SouthamptonSouthamptonUK Ingenierıa para el Control del Ruido sL BarcelonaSpain TNO Acoustics and sonar Den HaagThe Netherlands

Purpose – The vibration of the rails is a significant source of railway rolling noise, often forming the dominantcomponent of noise in the important frequency region between 400 and 2000 Hz. The purpose of the paper is toinvestigate the influence of the ground profile and the presence of the train body on the sound radiation fromthe ***/methodology/approach – Two-dimensional boundary element calculations are used, in which therail vibration is the source. The ground profile and various different shapes of train body are introduced in themodel, and results are observed in terms of sound power and sound pressure. Comparisons are also made withvibro-acoustic measurements performed with and without a train *** – The sound radiated by the rail in the absence of the train body is strongly attenuated by shieldingdue to the ballast shoulder. When the train body is present, the sound from the vertical rail motion is reflectedback down toward the track where it is partly absorbed by the ballast. Nevertheless, the sound pressure at thetrackside is increased by typically 0–5 dB. For the lateral vibration of the rail, the effects are much smaller. Oncethe sound power is known, the sound pressure with the train present can be approximated reasonably well withsimple line source ***/value – Numerical models used to predict the sound radiation from railway rails have generallyneglected the influence of the ground profile and reflections from the underside of the train body on the soundpower and directivity of the rail. These effects are studied in a systematic way including comparisons with measurements.

关键词： Rolling noise sound radiation Railway track Boundary elements Ground reflections Directivity

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Ectopic expression of clusterin/apolipoprotein J or Bcl-2 decreases the sensitivity of HaCaT cells to toxic effects of ropivacaine

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Cell Research 2004年第5期14卷 415-422页

作者： evangelos KONTARGIRIs,evangelos KOLETTAs,Athina VADALOUCA,Ioannis P. TROUGAKOs,Efstathios s. GONOs,Vasiliki KALFAKAKOU Laboratory of Experimental Physiology University of Ioannina Medical school 45110 Ioannina Greece Laboratory of Experimental Physiology University of Ioannina Medical school 45110 Ioannina Greece Department of Anesthesia Pain Relief and Palliative Care University Clinic Areteion Hospital Athens Greece Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Aging Institute of Biological Research and Biotechnology National Hellenic Research Foundation 11635 Athens Greece Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Aging Institute of Biological Research and Biotechnology National Hellenic Research Foundation 11635 Athens Greece Laboratory of Experimental Physiology University of Ioannina Medical school 45110 Ioannina Greece

Local anesthetics inhibit cell proliferation and induce apoptosis in various cell types. Ropivacaine, a unique, novel tertiary amine-type anesthetic, was shown to inhibit the proliferation of several cell types including keratinocytes. We found that Ropivacaine could inhibit the proliferation and induce apoptosis in an immortalized human keratinocyte line, HaCaT, in a dose- and time-dependent manner and with the deprivation of serum. The dose-dependent induction of apoptosis by ropivacaine was demonstrated by DNA fragmentation analysis and the proteolytic cleavage of a caspase-3 substrate — poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP). In addition, ropivacaine downregulated the expression of clusterin/ apoliporotein J, a protein with anti-apoptotic properties, in a dose-dependent manner, which well correlated with the induction of apoptosis of HaCaT cells. To investigate the role of clusterin/apoliporotein J in ropivacaine-induced apoptosis, HaCaT cells overexpressing clusterin/apoliporotein J were generated and compared to cells expressing the well estab- lished anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 protein. Ectopic overexpression of the secreted form of clusterin/apoliporotein J or Bcl-2 decreased the sensitivity of HaCaT cells to toxic effects of ropivacaine as demonstrated by DNA fragmentation, the proteolytic cleavage of PARP and by a reduction in procaspase-3 expression. Furthermore, the downregulation of endogenous clusterin/apolipoprotein J levels by ropivacaine suggested that this might be one mechanism by which ropivacaine induced cell death in HaCaT cells. In conclusion, the ability of ropivacaine to induce antiproliferative responses and to suppress the expression of the anti-apoptotic protein clusterin/apolipoprotein J, combined with previ- ously reported anti-inflammatory activity and analgesic property of the drug, suggests that ropivacaine may have poten- tial utility in the local treatment of tumors.

关键词： keratinocytes ropivacaine clusterin/Apolipoprotein J Bcl-2 apoptosis.

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Turbulent structure in uniform inclined open channel flow over different rough porous beds

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International Journal of sediment Research 2017年第1期32卷 45-52页

作者： evangelos Keramaris University of Thessaly Department of Civil EngineeringDivision of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering

In this study the effects of the different rough porous beds in an open inclined channel are studied experimentally for impermeable and permeable porous *** the simulation of porous bed two different types of permeable bed with the same thickness(s’ = 3 cm) and the same porosity ε=0.70 are used:(a) porous filters and(b) gravel *** experiments were used for the calculation of turbulent velocity *** of velocity were taken for inclined channel for three different slopes(s=-0.002,s=-0.004 and s=-0.006) and for five different flow depths(h=5 cm,7 cm,9 cm,11 cm and 13 cm).The total discharge Q varies from 0.78 to 1.31 1/*** measurements were obtained using a two-dimensional(2D) Particle Image Velocimetry(PIV).The total discharge was estimated using a calibrated venture *** showed that the presence of rough porous bed in inclined open channels influence significantly the turbulent characteristics of the flow in comparison with impermeable open channels with the same slopes.

关键词： Particle image velocimetry Porous filters Gravel bed Channel slope Turbulent characteristics

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study of water renewal and sedimentation of a square harbor encapsulated in a coastal front with seawalls due to wind-induced hydrodynamic circulation

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International Journal of sediment Research 2021年第3期36卷 373-383页

作者： Yiannis savvidis evangelos Keramaris InternationalHellenicUniversity DepartmentofEnvironmentalEngineering UniversityofThessaly DepartmentofCivilEngineering

In the current study in the middle of a coastal zone, a harbor basin in the form of a square area recessed to the front is considered. A breakwater of variable length and position offers protection from waves. The water renewal time and the self-purification capacity of the harbor under the influence of alongshore currents due to wind-induced water circulation of varying intensities were examined. Furthermore, the transport of particulate matter released from the upstream side of the coastal zone and the possible influence(via sedimentation) on the lateral basin was investigated. The current study was based on the use of a two-dimensional depth-averaged hydrodynamic model and a quasi-three-, dimensional transport model while the effect of partial closing of the harbor’s entrance was examined. The(1) adjustment and(2) validation of the reliability of the numerical model at a laboratory level were done using a recent research based on the use of a particle image velocimetry(PIV) measurements ensuring very good agreement between numerical and experimental results. The current study showed that the partial closing of the opening between the harbor basin and the extended coastal zone, with a breakwater of length equal to 1/3 of the opening, seems to be the most acceptable technical solution.

关键词： Coastal zone Numerical model PIV measurements Renewal time self-purification capacity Matter transport

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Prevalence of porcine endogenous retrovirus in Chinese pig breeds and in patients treated with a porcine liver cell-based bioreactor

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2005年第30期11卷 4727-4730页

作者： Qing Liu Zheng Liu evangelos Dalakas Artificial Liver Treatment and Training Center Beijing Youan Hospital Capital University of Medical Sciences Beijing 100054 China Department of General surgery Shen Zheng Hospital Peking University Shenzheng 518036 Guangdong Province China Department of Hepatology Chancellor's Building University of Edinburgh Edinburgh EH16 4SB Scotland UK

AIM： To determine the prevalence of porcine endogenous retrovirus （PERV） in various pig breeds raised in China including Chinese experimental mini-pigs by PERV-reverse transcriptase （PERV-RT enzyme）. Moreover, the potential for infection of PERV was investigated in patients treated with a bioreactor based on porcine liver cells （n = 3）. METHODs： Pig serum, liver and muscle cell-free supernatants were collected from various Chinese pig breeds. Porcine hepatocytes were isolated with a two-step perfusion method. Three patients with acute or chronic liver failure were treated with a bioartificial liver support system （BALss） for 8-12 h and serum samples were collected from the patients before, immediately after and 30 d after treatment. REsULTs： The activities of PERV-RT enzyme in pig liver and muscle cell-free supernatants were higher than in normal human controls. PERV-TR enzyme activity did not increase in patients before and after 1 mo of treatment. PERV-RT activities were not significantly different when compared with pre-treatment group （1.544±0.155576）, the post-treatment groups （1.501±0.053507, 1.461±0.033808 and 1.6006667±0.01963 for 0, 14 and 30 d post-treatment, respectively, P〉0.05）, and normal control group （1.440±1.0641, P〉0.05）. RT enzyme activity in Chinese experimental mini-pigs was higher than in normal human control group （1.440±1.0641 U/mL, P〈0.05）, and not significantly different （P〉0.05） when compared with the pig breeds except in the muscle supernatants. All the samples including muscle and liver cell supernatants from the Chinese mini-experimental pigs and the four domestic Chinese pig breeds contained PERVs. CONCLUsION： These results suggest that the risk of PERV infection through BALss containing porcine liver cells without immunosuppressants may be quite low. Although there were PERVs in Chinese experimental mini-pigs and porcine liver cell culture suspensions, we did not find any evidence of persistent PERV infection in patients treated with

关键词： Porcine endogenous retrovirus Bioartificial liver support system Porcine endogenous retrovirus-reverse transcriptase

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Predictors of recurrence of Crohn's disease after ileocolectomy: A review

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第39期20卷 14393-14406页

作者： Tara M Connelly evangelos Messaris Division of Colon and Rectal surgery Department of Surgery The Pennsylvania State UniversityCollege of MedicineHersheyPA 17033United States

Recurrence after ileocolectomy for Crohn’s disease (CD) is common and occurs in up to 80% of patients. such recurrence can result in repeated surgical interventions, an increased need for medical treatment and, frequently, an impaired quality of life. The aim of this overview is to provide a summary of the factors associated with disease recurrence after ileocolectomy for CD. Recurrence can be measured clinically or endoscopically using established scoring systems. Radiology and serologic tests can also be used, oftentimes in conjunction with endoscopy and/or clinical findings. Many patient and operative factors as well as pharmacologic treatments have been studied as potential predictors of recurrence. Of these, only smoking and immunomodulatory or biologic medical treatment have repeatedly been shown to effect recurrence. Genetic predictors have been studied and suggested but further evaluation in larger cohorts is necessary. This paper highlights validated, reproducible scoring systems for recurrence and the key findings of studies including patient demographics, operative techniques, various pharmacological treatments and histological findings as predictors of recurrence post ileocolectomy in CD.

关键词： Crohn’ s disease Ileocolectomy Recurrence surgical genetics Inflammatory bowel disease

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CNN-based novelty detection for terrestrial and extra-terrestrial autonomous exploration

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IET Cyber-systems and Robotics 2021年第2期3卷 116-127页

作者： Loukas Bampis Antonios Gasteratos evangelos Boukas Department of Production and Management Engineering Democritus University of ThraceXanthiGreece Department of Electrical Engineering Technical University of DenmarkKongens LyngbyDenmark

Novelty detection is concerned with detecting features that do not belong to any known class or are not well represented by existing ***,in autonomous navigation novelty detection determines whether an input camera frame contains certain entities of high interest which do not correspond to a known *** of the key requirements for the future space exploration missions is the reduction of the information to be transferred back to ***,novelty detection techniques have been developed to select the subset of acquired images with significant measurements that justify utilisation of the limited bandwidth from the available information *** methods are based on the identification of salient regions,which are then evaluated against a set of trained *** explore a novelty detection approach,based on the reasoning properties of Neural Networks,which follow the same guidelines while also being trainable in an end-to-end *** characteristic allows for the intertwined optimisation of the individual components leading to a closer estimation of a global *** experiments reveal that the proposed novelty detection system achieves better performance,as compared to handcrafted techniques,when the learning and testing examples refer to similar environments.

关键词： solution. autonomous closer

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