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Why ecosystem characteristics predicted from remotely sensed data are unbiased and biased at the same time-and how this affects applications

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Forest Ecosystems 2024年第1期11卷 24-31页

作者： Goran Ståhl Terje Gobakken Svetlana Saarela Henrik J.Persson Magnus Ekstrom Sean P.Healey Zhiqiang Yang Johan Holmgren eva Lindberg Kenneth Nystrom Emanuele Papucci Patrik Ulvdal Hans OleØrka Erik Næsset Zhengyang Hou Håkan Olsson Ronald E.McRoberts Department of Forest Resource Management Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences90183UmeåSweden Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resource Management Norwegian University of Life SciencesÅsNorway USDA Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research StationOgdenUTUSA The Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation of Ministry of Education Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijing100083China Department of Forest Resources University of MinnesotaSt.PaulMNUSA

Remotely sensed data are frequently used for predicting and mapping ecosystem characteristics,and spatially explicit wall-to-wall information is sometimes proposed as the best possible source of information for ***,wall-to-wall information typically relies on model-based prediction,and several features of model-based prediction should be understood before extensively relying on this type of *** such feature is that model-based predictors can be considered both unbiased and biased at the same time,which has important implications in several areas of *** this discussion paper,we first describe the conventional model-unbiasedness paradigm that underpins most prediction techniques using remotely sensed(or other)auxiliary *** this point of view,model-based predictors are typically ***,we show that for specific domains,identified based on their true values,the same model-based predictors can be considered biased,and sometimes severely *** suggest distinguishing between conventional model-bias,defined in the statistical literature as the difference between the expected value of a predictor and the expected value of the quantity being predicted,and design-bias of model-based estimators,defined as the difference between the expected value of a model-based estimator and the true value of the quantity being *** show that model-based estimators(or predictors)are typically design-biased,and that there is a trend in the design-bias from overestimating small true values to underestimating large true ***,we give examples of applications where this is important to acknowledge and to potentially make adjustments to correct for the design-bias *** argue that relying entirely on conventional model-unbiasedness may lead to mistakes in several areas of application that use predictions from remotely sensed data.

关键词： Bias Model-based inference Design-based inference

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Biological characteristics and clinical management of uveal and conjunctival melanoma

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Oncology Research 2024年第8期32卷 1265-1285页

作者： SNJEŽANA KAŠTELAN ANA DIDOVIĆPAVIČIĆ DARIA PAŠALIĆ TAMARA NIKUŠeva-MARTIĆ SAMIRČANOVIĆ PETRA KOVAČEVIĆ SUZANA KONJEVODA School of Medicine University of ZagrebZagreb10000Croatia Department of Ophthalmology Clinical Hospital DubravaZagreb10000Croatia Department of Ophthalmology Zadar General HospitalZadar23000Croatia Department of Medical Chemistry Biochemistry and Clinical ChemistrySchool of MedicineUniversity of ZagrebZagreb10000Croatia Department of Biology and Genetics School of MedicineUniversity of ZagrebZagreb10000Croatia School of Medicine University of SplitSplit21000Croatia Department of Health Studies University of ZadarZadar23000Croatia

Uveal and conjunctival melanomas are relatively rare tumors;nonetheless,they pose a signiﬁcant risk of mortality for a large number of affected *** pathogenesis of melanoma at different sites is very similar,however,the prognosis for patients with ocular melanoma remains unfavourable,primarily due to its distinctive genetic proﬁle and tumor *** of considerable advances in understanding the genetic characteristics and biological behaviour,the treatment of uveal and conjunctival melanoma remains a formidable *** enhance the prospect of success,collaborative efforts involving medical professionals and researchers in theﬁelds of ocular biology and oncology are *** data show a lack of well-designed randomized clinical trials and limited beneﬁts in current forms of treatment for these *** advancements in the development of effective melanoma therapeutic strategies,all current treatments for uveal melanoma(UM)and conjunctival melanoma(CoM)remain unsatisfactory,resulting in a poor long-term *** trials offer hope for positive outcomes in advanced and metastatic tumors.A more comprehensive understanding of the genetic and molecular abnormalities involved in the development and progression of ocular melanomas opens the way for the development of personalized therapy,with various potential therapeutic targets currently under *** comprehension of the molecular pathogenesis of UM and CoM and their speciﬁcities may aid in the development of new and more effective systemic therapeutic agents,with the hope of improving the prognosis for patients with metastatic disease.

关键词： Uveal melanoma Conjunctival melanoma Genetic characteristics Immune checkpoint inhibitors Target molecular inhibitors

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Piezo1 expression in chondrocytes controls endochondral ossification and osteoarthritis development

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Bone Research 2024年第1期12卷 199-214页

作者： Laura J.Brylka Assil-Ramin Alimy Miriam E.A.Tschaffon-Müller Shan Jiang Tobias Malte Ballhause Anke Baranowsky Simon von Kroge Julian Delsmann eva Pawlus Kian Eghbalian Klaus Püschel Astrid Schoppa Melanie Haffner-Luntzer David J.Beech Frank Timo Beil Michael Amling Johannes Keller Anita Ignatius Timur A.Yorgan Tim Rolvien Thorsten Schinke Department of Osteology and Biomechanics University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf20246 HamburgGermany Department of Trauma and Orthopedic Surgery University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf20246 HamburgGermany Institute of Orthopedic Research and Biomechanics University Medical Center UlmBadenWürttemberg89081 UlmGermany Department Legal Medicine University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf20246 HamburgGermany Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine School of MedicineUniversity of LeedsLS29JT LeedsUK

Piezo proteins are mechanically activated ion channels,which are required for mechanosensing functions in a variety of cell *** we and others have previously demonstrated that the expression of Piezo1 in osteoblast lineage cells is essential for boneanabolic processes,there was only suggestive evidence indicating a role of Piezo1 and/or Piezo2 in *** we addressed the question if and how chondrocyte expression of the mechanosensitive proteins Piezo1 or Piezo2 controls physiological endochondral ossification and pathological osteoarthritis(OA)*** with chondrocyte-specific inactivation of Piezo1(Piezo1^(Col2a1Cre)),but not of Piezo2,developed a near absence of trabecular bone below the chondrogenic growth plate ***,all Piezo1^(Col2a1Cre) animals displayed multiple fractures of rib bones at 7 days of age,which were located close to the growth *** skeletal growth was only mildly affected in these mice,OA pathologies were markedly less pronounced compared to littermate controls at 60 weeks of ***,when OA was induced by anterior cruciate ligament transection,only the chondrocyte inactivation of Piezo1,not of Piezo2,resulted in attenuated articular cartilage ***,osteophyte formation and maturation were also reduced in Piezo1^(Col2a1Cre) *** further observed increased Piezo1 protein abundance in cartilaginous zones of human ***,we identified Ptgs2 and Ccn2 as potentially relevant Piezo1 downstream genes in ***,our data do not only demonstrate that Piezo1 is a critical regulator of physiological and pathological endochondral ossification processes,but also suggest that Piezo1 antagonists may be established as a novel approach to limit osteophyte formation in OA.

关键词： Piezo1 markedly ossification

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Better understanding of c-reactive protein and leukocytes in psychiatric inpatients with affective disorders:A biopsychosocial approach

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第19期12卷 3824-3836页

作者： Felix Kölblinger Elena MD Schönthaler Andreas Baranyi Tatjana Stross Frederike T Fellendorf Dirk von Lewinski Robert Queissner eva Z Reininghaus Nina Dalkner Clinical Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine Medical University of GrazGraz 8036Austria Clinical Department of Cardiology Medical University of GrazGraz 8036Austria

BACKGROUND Affective disorders(AD)have been linked to inflammatory processes,although the underlying mechanisms of this relationship are still not fully *** is hypothesized that demographic,somatic,lifestyle,and personality variables predict inflammatory parameters in *** To identify biopsychosocial factors contributing to inflammation in AD measured with two parameters,C-reactive protein(CRP)and *** This observational study investigated 186 hospital inpatients diagnosed with AD using demographic parameters,serum inflammatory markers,somatic variables,psychological questionnaires,and lifestyle *** regression analyses were used to predict inflammatory markers from demographic,somatic,lifestyle,and personality *** Analyses showed that 33.8%of the variance of CRP was explained by body mass index and other somatic medication(***-diabetics),age and education,and age of affective disorder *** leukocytes,20.1%of the variance was explained by smoking,diet,metabolic syndrome(MetS),and anti-inflammatory medication(***-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs).Other psychiatric or behavioural variables did not reach *** Metabolic components seem important,with mounting evidence for a metabolic affective disorder *** modifications and psychoeducation should be employed to prevent or treat MetS in AD.

关键词： Affective disorders C-reactive protein Leukocytes Metabolic syndrome Health behaviour Personality

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罗马尼亚汉学家萨安娜为本刊题词

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国际汉学 2024年第3期 2-2,1页

作者：萨安娜不详

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剥夺性积累:近年爱沙尼亚作者电影中新自由主义生活与工作的呈现

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当代电影 2024年第4期 104-116页

作者： [爱沙尼亚]伊娃·纳里佩娅唐子文爱沙尼亚国家档案局电影档案馆爱沙尼亚艺术学院艺术史和视觉文化研究所中国传媒大学戏剧影视学院

本文以大卫·哈维关于新自由主义剥夺性积累资本的概念为基础,研究了近期爱沙尼亚作者电影对工作的再现,特别关注了马尔科·拉特的《野鸭特工》、韦科·欧恩普的《秋天的舞会》《圣托尼的诱惑》,以及苏列夫·基德斯的《给安吉尔的信》... 详细信息

本文以大卫·哈维关于新自由主义剥夺性积累资本的概念为基础,研究了近期爱沙尼亚作者电影对工作的再现,特别关注了马尔科·拉特的《野鸭特工》、韦科·欧恩普的《秋天的舞会》《圣托尼的诱惑》,以及苏列夫·基德斯的《给安吉尔的信》。这些影片从各类劳动者(专业人士、工人阶级、艺术工作者等)的角度,以不同的方式批判了自由市场哲学的霸权及其特定进程。该进程以资本的名义损害了公共利益以及劳动者的社会安全感和个人安全感,导致社会各方面的原子化。

关键词：马尔科·拉特韦科·欧恩普苏列夫·基德斯工作的再现新自由主义作者电影

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基于轮廓测量的牙膏磨损性测定法的研发概述

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日用化学品科学 2024年第3期47卷 67-72页

作者：孙东方宋硕 eva Schneiderman 王莉江施裔磊黑龙江省轻工科学研究院全国口腔护理用品标准化技术委员会牙膏分技术委员会黑龙江哈尔滨150010 北京宝洁技术有限公司北京101312 P&G Mason Business Center Mason OH 45040 上海美加净日化有限公司上海200333

牙膏中的磨料是提供牙膏清洁力的主要成分之一。恰当的磨料种类选择以及添加量的设定可以为消费者提供良好的牙齿清洁效果,甚至达到较佳的外源性色斑的去除而美白牙齿。然而,不当的磨料添加会导致过度磨损牙齿,从而引起安全性问题。因此... 详细信息

牙膏中的磨料是提供牙膏清洁力的主要成分之一。恰当的磨料种类选择以及添加量的设定可以为消费者提供良好的牙齿清洁效果,甚至达到较佳的外源性色斑的去除而美白牙齿。然而,不当的磨料添加会导致过度磨损牙齿,从而引起安全性问题。因此,制定方便有效的牙膏磨损性测定法一直是业界的需求。然而,由于实验条件等限制,国际上惯用的示踪法(RDA)无法在国内实施。本文介绍了一种优化后的基于轮廓仪测量法开发的RDA替代方法Radioactive Dentin Abrasivity–Profilometry Equivalent (简称RDA-PE),并对RDA-PE方法的建立、方法学验证以及与RDA方法间的关系进行了简要的介绍.。同时,对RDA-PE方法用于测定牙膏产品摩擦型性能的可行性进行了讨论。

关键词：牙膏磨损性示踪法轮廓测量法

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Oxidized organic molecules in the tropical free troposphere over Amazonia

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National Science Review 2024年第1期11卷 174-184页

作者： Qiaozhi Zha Diego Aliaga Radovan Krejci Victoria A.Sinclair Cheng Wu Giancarlo Ciarelli Wiebke Scholz Liine Heikkinen eva Partoll Yvette Gramlich Wei Huang Markus Leiminger Joonas Enroth Otso Per?kyl? Runlong Cai Xuemeng Chen Alkuin Maximilian Koenig Fernando Velarde Isabel Moreno Tuukka Pet?j? Paulo Artaxo Paolo Laj Armin Hansel Samara Carbone Markku Kulmala Marcos Andrade Douglas Worsnop Claudia Mohr Federico Bianchi Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research/Physics University of Helsinki Joint International Research Laboratory of Atmospheric and Earth System Sciences Nanjing University Department of Environmental Science & Bolin Centre for Climate Research Stockholm University Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology University of Gothenburg Institute for Ion and Applied Physics University of Innsbruck Ionicon Analytik GmbH Laboratory for Atmospheric Physics Institute for Physics Research Universidad Mayor de San Andrés Institute of Physics University of Sao Paulo Institute for Geosciences and Environmental Research (IGE) University of Grenoble Alpes Agrarian Sciences Institute Federal University of Uberl?ndia Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering Beijing University of Chemical Technology Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences University of Maryland Aerodyne Research Inc. Department of Environmental System Science ETH Zürich Switzerland and Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry Paul Scherrer Institute

New particle formation(NPF) in the tropical free troposphere(FT) is a globally important source of cloud condensation nuclei, affecting cloud properties and climate. Oxidized organic molecules(OOMs)produced from biogenic volatile organic compounds are believed to contribute to aerosol formation in the tropical FT, but without direct chemical observations. We performed in situ molecular-level OOMs measurements at the Bolivian station Chacaltaya at 5240 m above sea level, on the western edge of Amazonia. For the first time, we demonstrate the presence of OOMs, mainly with 4–5 carbon atoms, in both gas-phase and particle-phase(in terms of mass contribution) measurements in tropical FT air from Amazonia. These observations, combined with air mass history analyses, indicate that the observed OOMs are linked to isoprene emitted from the rainforests hundreds of kilometers away. Based on particle-phase measurements, we find that these compounds can contribute to NPF, at least the growth of newly formed nanoparticles, in the tropical FT on a continental scale. Thus, our study is a fundamental and significant step in understanding the aerosol formation process in the tropical FT.

关键词： oxidized organic molecules tropical aerosol formation Amazon free troposphere

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Major liver resections,perioperative issues and posthepatectomy liver failure:A comprehensive update for the anesthesiologist

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World Journal of Critical Care Medicine 2024年第2期13卷 49-71页

作者： Andrea De Gasperi Laura Petrò Ombretta Amici Ilenia Scaffidi Pietro Molinari Caterina Barbaglio eva Cibelli Beatrice Penzo Elena Roselli Andrea Brunetti Maxim Neganov Alessandro Giacomoni Paolo Aseni Elena Guffanti Former Head Anesthesia and Critical Care Service 2Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda ASST GOM NiguardaMilan 20163Italy AR1 Ospedale Papa Giovanni 23Bergamo 24100Italy Anesthesia and Critical Care Service 2 Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda AR2ASST GOM NiguardaMilan 20163Italy Anestesia e Terapia Intensiva Generale Istituto Clinico HumanitasRozzano 20089Italy Chirurgia Oncologica Miniinvasiva Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda ASST GOM NiguardaMilan 20163Italy Dipartimento di Medicina d’Urgenza ed Emergenza Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda ASST GOM NiguardaMilano 20163MIItaly

Significant advances in surgical techniques and relevant medium-and long-term outcomes over the past two decades have led to a substantial expansion in the indications for major liver *** support these outstanding results and to reduce perioperative complications,anesthesiologists must address and master key perioperative issues(preoperative assessment,proactive intraoperative anesthesia strategies,and implementation of the Enhanced Recovery After Surgery approach).Intensive care unit monitoring immediately following liver surgery remains a subject of active and often unresolved *** postoperative complications,posthepatectomy liver failure(PHLF)occurs in different grades of severity(A-C)and frequency(9%-30%),and it is the main cause of 90-d postoperative ***,recently redefined with pragmatic clinical criteria and perioperative scores,can be predicted,prevented,or *** review highlights:(1)The systemic consequences of surgical manipulations anesthesiologistsmust respond to or prevent,to positively impact PHLF(a proactive approach);and(2)the maximal intensivetreatment of PHLF,including artificial options,mainly based,so far,on Acute Liver Failure treatment(s),to buytime waiting for the recovery of the native liver or,when appropriate and in very selected cases,toward *** a clinical context requires a strong commitment to surgeons,anesthesiologists,and intensivists towork together,for a fruitful collaboration in a mandatory clinical continuum.

关键词： Liver resection Chronic liver disease Preoperative assessment Vascular clamping Intraoperative hemodynamic monitoring Postoperative intensive care unit Posthepatectomy liver failure Artificial liver support

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Language Education Optimization: A New Human-Based Metaheuristic Algorithm for Solving Optimization Problems

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2023年第8期136卷 1527-1573页

作者： Pavel Trojovsky Mohammad Dehghani eva Trojovská eva Milkova Department of Mathematics Faculty of ScienceUniversity of Hradec KrálovéHradec Králové50003Czech Republic Department of Applied Cybernetics Faculty of ScienceUniversity of Hradec KrálovéHradec Králové50003Czech Republic

In this paper,based on the concept of the NFL theorem,that there is no unique algorithm that has the best performance for all optimization problems,a new human-based metaheuristic algorithm called Language Education Optimization(LEO)is introduced,which is used to solve optimization *** is inspired by the foreign language education process in which a language teacher trains the students of language schools in the desired language skills and *** is mathematically modeled in three phases:(i)students selecting their teacher,(ii)students learning from each other,and(iii)individual practice,considering exploration in local search and exploitation in local *** performance of LEO in optimization tasks has been challenged against fifty-two benchmark functions of a variety of unimodal,multimodal types and the CEC 2017 test *** optimization results show that LEO,with its acceptable ability in exploration,exploitation,and maintaining a balance between them,has efficient performance in optimization applications and solution *** efficiency in optimization tasks is compared with ten well-known metaheuristic *** of the simulation results show that LEO has effective performance in dealing with optimization tasks and is significantly superior andmore competitive in combating the compared *** implementation results of the proposed approach to four engineering design problems show the effectiveness of LEO in solving real-world optimization applications.

关键词： Optimization language education exploration exploitation metaheuristic algorithm

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