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Nutrients and Trace Elements in a Pig Farm in Beijing： Chinese and German Recommendations

Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(A) 2012年第2期2卷 191-208页

作者： Roxana Mendoza Huaitalla eva gallmann Xuejun Liu Eberhard Hartung Institute of Agricultural Engineering University of Hohenheim Stuttgart 70599 Germany College of Resources and Environmental Sciences China Agricultural University Beo＇ing 100094 China Institute of Agricultural Engineering Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel Kie124098 Germany

Emergence of Chinese economy together with the current Livestock Revolution in Asia have led to an increase of meat demands, specially pork that is reflected in the growth of commercial pig farms in peri-urban areas of Beijing, capital of People＇s Republic of China. In the framework of the International Research Training Group and of the Sino-Project Recycling of Organic Residues from Agricultural and Municipal Origin in China, the status quo of a large pig farm is researched. The first phase of the project was focused on a detailed description of the nutrients and trace elements contained in the main inputs （water, feed） and outputs （manure, wastewater） of the pig farm. The compliance with the Chinese national standards or often referred to as GB standards （in Chinese ＂GuoBiao＂） and, current German recommendations were included. The analysis of nutrients and trace minerals followed the natural structure of the pig life cycle, i.e., gestation, farrowing, weaning and fattening. The main results showed that the pig drinking water met the recommendations for livestock drinking water, ground water and human drinking water. Concentrations of Zn, Cu, Mn and As in the pig feeds samples displayed higher values compared to the Chinese and German recommendations. Average values of trace elements in the pig manure did not surpass the Chinese and German recommendations of biowastes, however, some manure samples showed excessive concentrations of Cd, Cu and Zn. Likewise, Pb, Cd, Cr, Cu and Zn concentrations in the wastewater surpassed the recommendations for irrigation water.

关键词： Nutrients trace minerals pig farm Chinese standard.

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Aerial pollutants on a pig farm in peri-urban Beijing,China

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2013年第1期6卷 36-47页

作者： Roxana Mendoza Huaitalla eva gallmann Liu Xuejun Eberhard Hartung Institute of Agricultural Engineering University of HohenheimStuttgart70599Germany College of Agricultural Resources and Environmental Sciences China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100094China Institute of Agricultural Engineering Christian-Albrechts-University KielKiel24098Germany

The study was carried out to evaluate the airborne gases and suspended particulate matter concentrations in the pig barns of a commercial pig farm situated in the peri-urban area of Beijing,*** measurements followed the natural pig life-stages namely:gestation,farrowing,weaning,and *** order to accomplish these objectives,three different measurement devices were employed:(i)color diffusion tubes,(ii)a portable gas measuring device,and(iii)a dust measuring *** to the rotation of the devices in the different sampling places,the measurements were performed at different time periods during the months of the summer and winter season in *** pig farm had a capacity of 15000 pigs per year and the manurial system was identified as“gan qing fen”or dry cleaning of the *** main by-products generated by the farm were irrigation water and small-scale biogas *** dust concentrations were identified in the pig barns,especially during the feeding and manure cleaning events inside the farrowing and weaning barns with slatted *** dust ranged from 0 mg/m3 to 12.45 mg/m3,while the allowable dust ranged from 0 mg/m3 to 9.62 mg/*** concentration ranged from 0 ppm to 20 ppm(1 ppm=1 cm3/m3),and the carbon dioxide concentration ranged from 300 ppm to 8000 *** highest ammonia concentration was recorded in the fattening barn during the summer season,while the highest carbon dioxide concentration was reported in the weaning barn during the summer *** results of this study were similar to the results of studies performed on pig farms under natural and mechanical ventilation *** the other hand,the problems encountered during the gas measurements on the pig farm were directly related to the inadequate housing layout due to the obstruction of windows,fans and air channels for indoor ventilation,and thus the measurement devices faced harsh working ***,it is recommended that the housing system s

关键词： pig farm aerial pollutant barn China gases dust

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