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Utilization.of Diagn.stic Imagin. in.Den.al an. Maxillofacial Trauma in.Selected Ken.an.Hospitals

Open.Journ.l of Stomatology 2020年第5期10卷 61-73页

作者： eunice n. kihara Tom J. Ochola Evelyn.G. Wagaiyu Mark L. Chin.ia Departmen. of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery University of Nairobi Nairobi Kenya Departmen. of Periodon.ology/Commun.ty an. Preven.ive Den.istry University of Nairobi Nairobi Kenya

Backgroun.: Globally, much has chan.ed in.the imagin. modalities available to in.estigate maxillofacial trauma. n.vertheless, the region.l practice pattern. are highly in.luen.ed by availability, affordability an. accessibility of imagin. services as well as competen.e in.in.erpretin. radiological images an. the practice of defen.ive medicin.. The aim was to assess the use of maxillofacial trauma imagin. modalities as well as to documen. pattern. of skeletal in.uries at selected govern.en.-spon.ored health facilities in.Ken.a. Material an. Methods: A cross section.l study, don. in.three health facilities. Results: There were 137 (81.5%) males an. 31 (18.5%) females with a mean.of 27.73 ± 9.86 years. Common.st aetiology of trauma was in.erperson.l violen.e (80, 47.62%) an. road traffic crashes (63, 37.50%). The total n.mber of radiological examin.tion. was 250 with a mean.of 1.49 ± 0.99 examin.tion. per patien.. Plain.film radiographs were more (210, 84%) than.computed tomographic scan. (39, 15.6%). Den.al pan.ramic techn.que was the most (104, 61.9%) popular. Most participan.s experien.ed isolated fractures to the man.ible (99, 58.9%) an. midface (28, 16.7%). Con.lusion. Den.al pan.ramic radiography remain.d the imagin. of choice for man.ibular fractures which had the common.st occurren.e. There is a shift from the tradition.l con.en.ion.l skull radiography to computed tomography in.the diagn.sis of midfacial fractures. Judicious utilization.an. prompt provision.of affordable services in.den.al pan.ramic an. computed tomographic scan.in. at the study cen.ers an. other upcomin. health facilities are paramoun. in.en.urin. timely diagn.sis an. man.gemen. of maxillofacial in.uries in.Ken.a.

关键词： Maxillofacial Radiology Facial Trauma Imagin.

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5-year audit of the ran.e an. volume of diagn.stic radiographic services at the Un.versity of n.irobi Den.al Hospital

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Open.Journ.l of Stomatology 2012年第3期2卷 234-236页

作者： eunice n. kihara Floren.e Opon.o Tom J. Ocholla Mark L. Chin.ia Evelyn.Wagaiyu Departmen. of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery Oral Pathology & Medicine University of Nairobi Nairobi Kenya Departmen. of Periodon.ology University of Nairobi Nairobi Kenya Radiology Division Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery Oral Pathology & Medicine University of Nairobi Nairobi Kenya

Backgroun.: Den.al an. cran.o-maxillofacial diagn.stic imagin. con.titutes an.in.aluable tool in.the accurate diagn.sis an. man.gemen. of a diverse ran.e of con.ition. an. diseases that afflict the oral an. cran.o-maxillofacial region. In.order to improve on.an. existin. facility, periodic audit evaluation.is paramoun.. In.this way proper an. relevan. service delivery can.be achieved. Objective: To evaluate the ran.e an. volume of den.al an. cran.o-maxillofacial diagn.stic radiographic services offered at the Un.versity of n.irobi Den.al Hospital (Un.H) in.Ken.a over a 5-year period (2006-2010). Methods: Retro-spective survey in.olvin. man.al examin.tion.of patien. records at the Division.of Den.al an. cra-n.o-maxillofacial Radiology registry of the Un.H. Results: Over the study period, the ran.e of diagn.stic radiographic services offered comprised of both in.ra- an. extra- oral examin.tion.. The total volume of radiographs taken.was 48,874 amon. which 41,980 (86%) were in.raoral an. 6894 (14%) extraoral views. Amon. the in.raoral views, 74% were bitewin., 25% periapical an. on.y 1% were occlusal diagn.stic views. The majority (95%) of the extraoral projection. con.isted of pan.ramic views an. on.y 5% con.tituted other techn.ques. The volume of radiographs was high from Jan.ary to September while n.vember an. December had the lowest n.mber of examin.tion.requests. Con.lusion. In.raoral radiography was the common.st examin.tion.with bitewin.s havin. been.the majority while the pan.ramic tomography was the common.st extraoral examin.tion.performed.

关键词： Audit Radiographs

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5-year audit of the ran.e an. volume of diagn.stic radiographic services at the Un.versity of n.irobi Den.al Hospital

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Open.Journ.l of Stomatology（口腔学期刊） 2012年第3期

作者： eunice n. kihara Floren.e Opon.o Tom J. Ocholla Mark L. Chin.ia Evelyn.Wagaiyu

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Boron.con.ain.n. compoun.s as labels,drugs,an. theran.stic agen.s for diabetes an. its complication.

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World Journ.l of Diabetes 2024年第6期15卷 1060-1069页

作者： Marvin.A Sorian.-Ursúa R Ivan.Cordova-Chávez eunice D Farfan.García George Kabalka Departmen. of Physiology Escuela Superior de MedicinaInstituto Politécnico NacionalCiudad de México 11340Mexico Departmen. of Physiology Instituto Politécnico NacionalMexico City 11340Mexico Departmen. of Biochemistry Instituto Politécnico NacionalMexico City 11340Mexico Departmen. of Chemistry The University of TennesseeKnoxvilleTN 37996United States

Diabetes is a disease with a high global *** strategies have failed to limit the advan.emen. an. impact of the *** early diagn.sis an. treatmen. will require the developmen. of n.w *** this sen.e,boron.on.ain.n. compoun.s have been.reported as agen.s with the ability to reduce glycemia an. *** have also been.used for labelin. an. measurin. carbohydrates an. other molecules lin.ed to the in.tial stages of diabetes an. its *** addition.certain.boron.compoun.s bin. to molecules related to diabetes developmen. an. their biological activity in.the regulation.of elevated ***,it should be n.ted that some boron.compoun.s appear to exert ben.ficial effects on.diabetes complication. such as acceleratin. woun. healin. while amelioratin. pain.in.diabetic patien.s.

关键词： Boron Carbohydrates Metabolism Diabetes Boron.dipyrromethen.

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Syn.rgistic In.eraction. of Soil an. Vegetation.in.Agroforestry Systems in.Mitigatin. Climate Chan.e in.Upper East Region. Ghan.

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American.Journ.l of Climate Chan.e 2024年第2期13卷 140-162页

作者： Joshua A. Adombire Abdul-Wahab M. Imoro eunice Essel n.n. B. Douti Departmen. of En.iron.en.al Scien.e C. K. Tedam University of Technology and Applied Sciences Navrongo Ghana Departmen. of Forestry an. Forest Resources Man.gemen. University for Development Studies Tamale Ghana Departmen. of Crop Scien.e an. Biotechn.logy C. K. Tedam University of Technology and Applied Sciences Navrongo Ghana

Climate chan.e has been.a global pan.emic with its adverse impacts affectin. en.iron.en.s an. livelihoods. This has been.largely attributed to an.hropogen.c activities which gen.rate large amoun.s of Green.House Gases (GHGs), n.tably carbon.dioxide (CO2), methan. (CH4), an. n.trous oxide (n.O) amon. others. In.the Upper East of Ghan., climate chan.e man.fests in.erratic rain.alls, drought, high temperatures, high win. speeds, high in.en.ity rain.all, win.storms, floodin., declin.n. vegetation.cover, peren.ial devastatin. bushfires etc. Practices such as burn.n. farm residues, use of dun. as fuel for cookin., excessive application.of n.trogen.us fertilizers, an. deforestation.that are prevalen. in.the region.exacerbate the situation. Although, efforts made by govern.en.al an. n.n.-govern.en.al organ.zation. to mitigate climate chan.e through afforestation. agroforestry an. promotion.of less fuelwood con.umin. cook stoves, lan. man.gemen. practices an.agon.ze these efforts as more CO2 is gen.rated than.the carryin. capacity of vegetation.in.the region. Research fin.in.s have established the role of trees an. soil in.carbon.sequestration.in.mitigatin. climate. However, there is limited kn.wledge on.how the vegetation.an. soil in.agroforestry in.erplay in.mitigation.climate chan.e. It is again.t this backgroun. that this review seeks to in.estigate how vegetation.an. soil in.an.agroforestry in.eract syn.rgistically to sequester carbon.an. con.ribute to mitigatin. climate chan.e in.Upper East region.of Ghan.. In.this review, it was discovered soil stored more carbon.than.vegetation.in.an.agroforestry system an. is much effective in.mitigatin. climate chan.e. It was foun. out that in.order to make soil an. vegetation.in.an.agroforestry system in.eract syn.rgistically to effectively mitigate climate chan.e, Climate Smart Agriculture practice which in.egrates trees, an. peren.ials crops effectively mitigates climate. The review con.luded that tillage practices that en.ure r

关键词： Climate Chan.e Carbon.Sequestration Agroforestry Photosyn.hesis n.trien. Min.n. Syn.rgistic

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Clin.cal Sign.fican.e of Pathological an. An.tomical Fin.in.s in.Con. Beam CT Scan. of the Maxillary Sin.s

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Open.Journ.l of Stomatology 2014年第6期4卷 285-290页

作者： eunice kihara Mark Chin.ia Tom Ocholla Mohamed Parker Departmen. of Diagn.stics an. Radiology University of Western Cape Cape Town South Africa Departmen. of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery Oral Pathology & Oral Medicine University of Nairobi Nairobi Kenya

Objective: To determin. the ran.e an. prevalen.e of pathological con.ition. an. demon.tration.of sign.fican. an.tomical structures in.the maxillary sin.ses usin. the con. beam computerized tomographic (CBCT) scan. Methodology: Case series of 60 CBCT scan. of the maxillae. Results: Forty (67%) of the scan. were of female patien.s while the rest (20, 33%) were of males. Remarkably, the majority of the scan. were requested for those patien.s who sought den.al implan. fabrication. Overall, 35 (58%) scan. demon.trated pathological features while 8 (13%) demon.trated sign.fican. an.tomical structures. Pathological features in.luded mucosal thicken.n. in.26 (43%), polypoid lesion. in.9 (15%), total an.ral opacification.in.1 (2%) an. foreign.body in.1 (2%). The common.st an.tomic feature was den.al root protrusion.in.o the maxillary sin.ses in.8 (13%). Con.lusion. The CBCT imagin. is an.importan. tool for in.estigatin. the maxillary sin.ses for pathology an. the demon.tration.of the associated an.tomic relation..

关键词： Con. Beam CT Maxillary An.rum Oral Pathology

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Effects of Gen.er an. Other Factors on.Agricultural Commercialization.in.Peri-urban.an. Rural Cassava Farms of Rivers State, n.geria

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Journ.l of Food Scien.e an. En.in.erin. 2016年第2期6卷 98-108页

作者： An.hon. O. On.ja eunice n. Ajie Departmen. of Agricultural Econ.mics an. Exten.ion University of Port Harcourt Port Harcourt 500102 Nigeria Departmen. of Agricultural Scien.es Ignatius Ajuru University of Education Port Harcourt 500102 Nigeria

The study was design.d to in.estigate in.o the level of cassava commercialization. exten. of gen.er effects an. other factors on.household commercialization.in.ex （HCI） of cassava in.both rural an. peri-urban.areas of Rivers State, n.geria. The study used a stratified ran.om samplin. techn.que to select 50 cassava farmers each from Etche an. Ekwerre LGAs of the state （i.e. 100 farmers in.all）. A set of structured question.aire an. in.erview schedule was used to retrieve in.ormation.from the farmers. Data an.lysis was don. usin. descriptive statistics, Chow test an. trun.ated regression.an.lysis model based on.Maximum Likelihood derived from Cen.ored n.rmal or TOBIT approach. It was foun. that sign.fican. differen.e exist in.the HC1 of rural farmers （49%） an. peri-urban.（40%）. The drivers of HCI varied across the areas but on.the whole it was n.ted that gen.er, farm size, distan.e to market, labour, farmin. experien.e, price of cassava an. access to market in.ormation.sign.ftcan.ly in.luen.ed the probability of expan.in. the scale of commercialization.of cassava in.the area. It was recommen.ed that govern.en. an. in.erested bodies should give priority to women.in.design.n. an. implemen.in. cassava commercialization.programmes policies that will improve farmers access to lan. an. also help build on.capacities of the farmers to commercialize such as access to exten.ion.service, establishmen. of market in.ormation.service （MIS）, developmen. of market an. tran.port in.rastructure were recommen.ed too.

关键词： Commercialization agriculture household commercialization.in.ex trun.ated regression Tobit model cassava Rivers State.

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Calcifyin. cystic odon.ogen.c tumour man.festin. in.the maxillary an.rum: Case report

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Open.Journ.l of Stomatology 2013年第9期3卷 504-506页

作者： eunice kihara Richard Owin. Josiah Otwoma Elizabeth Dimba Mark Chin.ia Departmen. of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery—Oral Pathology & Oral Medicin. University of Nairobi Nairobi Kenya Departmen. of Paediatric Den.istry & Orthodon.ics University of Nairobi Nairobi Kenya

A case is presen.ed of a 15-year-old boy who man.fested the calcifyin. cystic odon.ogen.c tumour (CCOT) in.the left maxillary an.rum of an.un.n.wn.duration. In.addition. the patien. had a high arched palate an. multiple impacted teeth of the n.rmal series an. supern.merary type in.ludin. mesioden. as demon.trated in.an.orthopan.omograph.

关键词： Case Reports Odon.ogen.c Cyst Calcifyin. Odon.ogen.c Tumours Maxillary Sin.s

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n.merical an. Experimen.al Studies of an.Arc-heated n.n.quilibrium n.zzle Flow

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Journ.l of Thermal Scien.e 2003年第4期12卷 289-293页

作者： Michio n.shida Ken.ichi Abe Hisashi kihara Departmen. of Aeron.utics an. Astron.utics Kyushu University Fukuoka 812-8581 JapanDepartment of Aeronautics and Astronautics Kyushu University Fukuoka 812-8581 JapanDepartment of Aeronautics and Astronautics Kyushu University Fukuoka 812-8581 Japan

The arc-heated high-temperature gas is rotation.lly an. vibration.lly excited, an. partially dissociated an. ion.zed. When.such gas flows in.ide a n.zzle, en.rgy tran.fers from rotation.l an. vibration.l en.rgy modes to tran.lation.l en.rgy mode, an., in.addition. recombin.tion.reaction. occur. These processes are in.thermal an. chemical n.n.quilibrium. The presen. computation. treat arc-heated n.n.quilibrium n.zzle flows usin. a six temperature model (tran.lation.l, rotation.l, n. vibration.l, O2 vibration.l, n. vibration.l an. electron.temperatures), an. n.n.quilibrium chemical reaction. of air. From the calculated flow properties, emission.spectra at the n.zzle exit were re-con.tructed by usin. the code for computin. spectra of high temperature air. On.the other han., measuremen.s of n.+(1-) emission.spectra were con.ucted at the n.zzle exit in.the 20 kW arc-heated win. tun.el. Vibration.l an. rotation.l temperatures of n. were determin.d usin. a curve fittin. method on.n.+(1-) emission.spectra, with the vibration.l an. rotation.l temperatures for n. an. n.+ bein. assumed equal. Comparison.of the measured an. computed results elucidated that the experimen.al temperatures were larger than.the computed on.s. At presen., we are tryin. to reveal the main.reason.for the discrepan.y between.the computed an. measured n. vibration.l an. rotation.l temperatures.

关键词： n.zzle flow high temperature gas n.n.quilibrium flow arc-heated gas.

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Effect of tibolon. pretreatmen. on.kin.ses an. phosphatases that regulate the expression.an. phosphorylation.of Tau in.the hippocampus of rats exposed to ozon.

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n.ural Regen.ration.Research 2018年第3期13卷 440-448页

作者： Rodolfo Pin.o-Almazán.Julia J. Segura-Uribe Marvin.A. Sorian.-Ursúa eunice D. Farfán.García Juan.M. Gallardo Christian.Guerra-Araiza Un.dad de In.estigación.Hospital Region.l de Alta Especialidad Ixtapaluca Carretera Federal México-Puebla km 34.5 C.P. 56530. Ixtapaluca State of Mexico Mexico In.titute for the Developin. Min. Children's Hospital Los Angeles Los Angeles CA USA Departmen. of Pediatrics Keck School of Medicine University of Southern California Los Angeles CA USA Un.dad de In.estigación.Médica en.En.ermedades n.urológicas Hospital de Especialidades Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social Av. Cuauhtémoc 330 Col. Doctores. C. P. 06720. Mexico City Mexico Escuela Superior de Medicin. Instituto Politécnico Nacional Plan de San Luis y Diaz Mirón Col. Casco de Santo Tomis. C. P. 11340. Mexico City Mexico Un.dad de In.estigación.Médica en.En.ermedades n.frológicas Hospital de Especialidades Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social Av. Cuauhtémoc 330 Col. Doctores. C. P. 06720. Mexico City Mexico Un.dad de In.estigación.Médica en.Farmacologia Hospital de Especialidades Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social Av. Cuauhtémoc 330 Col. Doctores. C. P. 06720. Mexico City Mexico

Oxidative stress （OS） is a key process in.the developmen. of man. n.urodegen.rative diseases, memory disorders, an. other pathological processes related to agin.. Tibolon. （TIB）, a syn.hetic hormon. used as a treatmen. for men.pausal ymptoms, decreases lipoperoxidation.levels, preven.s memory impairmen. an. learn.n. disability caused by ozon. （O3） exposure. However, it is n.t clear if TIB could preven. the in.rease in.phosphorylation.in.uced by oxidative stress of the microtubule-associated protein.Tau. In.this study, the effects of TIB at differen. times of admin.stration.on.the phosphorylation.of Tau, the activation.of glycogen.syn.hase kin.se-3β （GSK3β）, an. the in.ctivation.of Akt an. phosphatases PP2A an. PTEn.in.uced by O3 exposure were assessed in.adult male Wistar rats. Rats were divided in.o 10 groups： con.rol group （ozon.-free air plus vehicle [C]）, con.rol ＋ TIB group （ozon.-free air plus TIB 1 mg/kg [C ＋ TIB]）; 7,15, 30, an. 60 days of ozon. exposure groups [O3] an. 7, 15, 30, an. 60 days of TIB 1 mg/kg before ozon. exposure groups [O3 ＋ TIB]. The effects of O3 exposure an. TIB admin.stration.were assessed by western.blot an.lysis of total an. phosphorylated Tau, GSK3β, Akt, PP2A, an. PTEn.protein. an. oxidative stress marker n.trotyrosin., an. superoxide dismutase activity an. lipid peroxidation.of malon.ialdehyde by two differen. spectrophotometric methods （Marklun. an. TBARS, respectively）. We observed that O3 exposure in.reases Tau phosphorylation. which is correlated with decreased PP2A an. PTEn.protein.levels, dimin.shed Akt protein.levels, an. in.reased GSK3β protein.levels in.the hippocampus of adult male rats. The effects of O3 exposure were preven.ed by the lon.-term treatmen. （over 15 days） with TIB. Malon.ialdehyde an. n.trotyrosin. levels in.reased from 15 to 60 days of exposure to O3 in.comparison.to C group, an. superoxide dismutase activity decreased. Furthermore, TIB admin.stration.limited the chan.es in.uced by O3 exposure. Our results

关键词： tibolon. oxidative stress ozon. exposure Tau GSK3 hippocampus n.uroprotection

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