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Enhancing the efficiency and scalability of perovskite solar cells through pseudo-halide salt addition

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2023年第34期165卷 161-169页

作者： Dohun baek Geon Yeong Park Jeongbeom Cha Hyemi Na Dong Seok Ham Min Kim School of Chemical Engineering Future Energy Research CenterJeonbuk National UniversityJeonju 54896Republic of Korea Graduate School of Integrated Energy-AI Jeonbuk National UniversityJeonju 54896Republic of Korea Chemical Materials Solutions Center Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology(KRICT)Daejeon 34114Republic of Korea

Organic-inorganic halide perovskites have significant potential for application in next-generation solar ***,their applications are limited by challenges associated with large-area processability and long-term stability owing to the presence of pinholes and defect ***,we incorporated cesium formate in a perovskite active layer using a sequential perovskite fabrication process to eliminate the defect sites of perovskites and improve the film processability via roll-to-roll(R2R)*** addition of cesium formate salt to the PbI2 layer influences the perovskite crystal formation behavior as well as increases the perovskite crystallinity and decreases the defect ***,cesium formate addition eliminated small PbI2 grains and smoothed the perovskite surface,resulting in a large crystal grain *** formate ions interact with the PbI2 component and passivate halide vacancy defects,reducing nonradiative recombination and improving charge ***,the treated perovskite films were highly stable in air,exhibiting improved efficiency retention over time and achieving a power conversion efficiency(PCE)of>22%compared to the ***,the additive-treated perovskite film was processed using the R2R method,achieving a high PCE of>14%with minimal hysteresis.

关键词： Perovskite Solar Cells Pseudo-halide ion Stability Roll-to-roll process

Memristive Devices Based on Two-Dimensional Transition Metal Chalcogenides for Neuromorphic Computing

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Nano-Micro Letters 2022年第4期14卷 29-58页

作者： Ki Chang Kwon Ji Hyun baek Kootak Hong Soo Young Kim Ho Won Jang Department of Materials Science and Engineering Research Institute of Advanced MaterialsSeoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Republic of Korea Interdisciplinary Materials Measurement Institute Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science(KRISS)Daejeon 34133Republic of Korea Department of Materials Science and Engineering Institute of Green Manufacturing TechnologyKorea UniversitySeoul 02841Republic of Korea Advanced Institute of Convergence Technology Seoul National UniversitySuwon 16229Korea

Two-dimensional(2D)transition metal chalcogenides(TMC)and their heterostructures are appealing as building blocks in a wide range of electronic and optoelectronic devices,particularly futuristic memristive and synaptic devices for brain-inspired neuromorphic computing *** distinct properties such as high durability,electrical and optical tunability,clean surface,flexibility,and LEGO-staking capability enable simple fabrication with high integration density,energy-efficient operation,and high *** review provides a thorough examination of high-performance memristors based on 2D TMCs for neuromorphic computing applications,including the promise of 2D TMC materials and heterostructures,as well as the state-of-the-art demonstration of memristive *** challenges and future prospects for the development of these emerging materials and devices are also *** purpose of this review is to provide an outlook on the fabrication and characterization of neuromorphic memristors based on 2D TMCs.

关键词： Two-dimensional materials Memristors Neuromorphic computing Artificial synapses Transition metal chalcogenides

Real-time multiaxial strain mapping using computer vision integrated optical sensors

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npj Flexible Electronics 2023年第1期7卷 253-264页

作者： Sunguk Hong Vega Pradana Rachim Jin-Hyeok baek Sung-Min Park Department of Mechanical Engineering Pohang University of Science and Technology(POSTECH)Pohang 37673South Korea Department of Convergence IT Engineering Pohang University of Science and Technology(POSTECH)Pohang 37673South Korea School of Interdisciplinary Bioscience and Bioengineering Pohang University of Science and Technology(POSTECH)Pohang 37673South Korea Department of Electrical Engineering Pohang University of Science and Technology(POSTECH)Pohang 37673South Korea Institute of Convergence Science Yonsei UniversitySeoul 120-749South Korea

Soft strain sensors pose great potential for emerging human–machine ***,their real-world applications have been limited due to challenges such as low reproducibility,susceptibility to environmental noise,and short lifetimes,which are attributed to nanotechnologies,including microfabrication *** this study,we present a computer vision-based optical strain(CVOS)sensor system that integrates computer vision with streamlined microfabrication techniques to overcome these challenges and facilitate real-time multiaxial strain *** proposed CVOS sensor consists of an easily fabricated soft silicone substrate with micro-markers and a tiny camera for highly sensitive marker ***-time multiaxial strain mapping allows for measuring and distinguishing complex multi-directional strain patterns,providing the proposed CVOS sensor with higher *** results indicate that the proposed CVOS sensor is a promising approach for the development of highly sensitive and versatile human–machine interfaces that can operate long-term under real-world conditions.

关键词： computer mapping strain

Does proximal femoral nail antirotation achieve better outcome than previous-generation proximal femoral nail?

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2020年第11期11卷 483-491页

作者： Seung-Hoon baek Seunggil baek Heejae Won Jee-Wook Yoon Chul-Hee Jung Shin-Yoon Kim Department of Orthopedic Surgery Kyungpook National University HospitalDaegu 41944South Korea Department of Orthopedic Surgery School of MedicineKyungpook National UniversityDaegu 41944South Korea Department of Orthopedic Surgery Goodssen HospitalDaegu 42010South Korea

BACKGROUND There are few studies in the literature comparing the clinical outcomes and radiographic results of proximal femoral nail(PFN)and proximal femoral nail antirotation(PFNA)for pertrochanteric femoral fracture(PFF)in elderly *** To evaluate both clinical and radiographic outcomes after fixation with PFN and PFNA in an elderly patient *** One hundred fifty-eight patients older than 65 years with PFF who underwent fixation with either PFN or PFNA were ***-three patients underwent fixation with PFN,whereas 85 were fixed with *** mean follow-up was 2.4 years(range,1-7 years).Clinical outcome was measured in terms of operation time,postoperative function at each follow-up visit,and mortality within one *** evaluation included reduction quality after surgery,Cleveland Index,tip-apex distance(TAD),union rate,time to union,and sliding distance of the screw or *** including nonunion,screw cutout,infection,osteonecrosis of the femoral head,and implant breakage were also *** Postoperative function was more satisfactory in patients who underwent PFNA than in those who underwent PFN(P=0.033).Radiologically,the sliding difference was greater in PFN than in PFNA patients(6.1 and 3.2 mm,respectively,P=0.036).The rate of screw cutout was higher in the PFN group;eight for PFN(11.0%)and two for PFNA patients(2.4%,P=0.027).There were no differences between the two groups in terms of operation time,mortality rate at one year after the operation,adequacy of reduction,Cleveland Index,TAD,union rate,time to union,nonunion,infection,osteonecrosis,or implant *** Elderly patients with PFF who underwent PFNA using a helical blade demonstrated better clinical and radiographic outcomes as measured by clinical score and sliding distance compared with patients who underwent PFN.

关键词： Pertrochanteric fracture Proximal femoral nail Proximal femoral nail antirotation Sliding distance Cutout Outcome

Comparison of vegetable oils on the uptake of lutein and zeaxanthin by ARPE-19 cells

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2023年第1期16卷 40-46页

作者： Jeonghun baek Chun Wai Mai Wei Meng Lim Lai Chun Wong School of Medicine International Medical UniversityKuala Lumpur 57000Malaysia Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry School of PharmacyInternational Medical UniversityKuala Lumpur 57000Malaysia Department of Pharmaceutical Technology School of PharmacyInternational Medical UniversityKuala Lumpur 57000Malaysia

AIM:To compare the effect of vegetable oils on the uptake of lutein and zeaxanthin by adult retinal pigment epithelial(ARPE)-19 cells in ***:ARPE-19 cells were cultured in Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle Medium-F-12 supplemented with 10%foetal bovine serum and 1%penicillin–streptomycin in a humidified 5%CO_(2) incubator maintained at 37℃.Cells were treated with 247μmol/L lutein,49μmol/L zeaxanthin and 1%(v/v)of either coconut oil,corn oil,peanut oil,olive oil,sunflower oil,soybean oil,castor oil,or linseed oil for *** and zeaxanthin concentration in the cells were quantified by high performance liquid ***:Among the oils tested,the highest lutein and zeaxanthin uptake was observed with coconut oil while the lowest was observed with linseed ***:ARPE-19 uptake of lutein and zeaxanthin are found to be dependent on the type of oils.

关键词： lutein zeaxanthin adult retinal pigment epithelial-19 cells vegetable oil

Clustering-based label estimation for network anomaly detection

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Digital Communications and Networks 2021年第1期7卷 37-44页

作者： Sunhee baek Donghwoon Kwon Sang C.Suh Hyunjoo Kim Ikkyun Kim Jinoh Kim Computer Science Department Texas A&M UniversityCommerceTX75429USA ETRI 218 Gajeong-roYuseong guDaejeon34129Republic of Korea

A substantial body of work has been done to identify network anomalies using supervised and unsupervised learning techniques with their unique strengths and *** this work,we propose a new approach that takes advantage of both worlds of unsupervised and supervised *** main objective of the proposed approach is to enable supervised anomaly detection without the provision of the associated labels by *** this end,we estimate the labels of each connection in the training phase using ***“estimated”labels are then utilized to establish a supervised learning model for the subsequent classification of connections in the testing *** set up a new property that defines anomalies in the context of network anomaly detection to improve the quality of estimated *** our extensive experiments with a public dataset(NSL-KDD),we will prove that the proposed method can achieve performance comparable to one with the “original”labels provided in the *** also introduce two heuristic functions that minimize the impact of the randomness of clustering to improve the overall quality of the estimated labels.

关键词： Label estimation Network anomaly detection Clustering randomness

Design and roles of RGO-wrapping in charge transfer and surface passivation in photoelectrochemical enhancement of cascade-band photoanode

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Nano Research 2017年第7期10卷 2415-2430页

作者： Zhuo Zhang Mingi Choi Minki baek Insung Hwang Changshin Cho Zexiang Deng Jinwoo Lee Kijung Yong Surface Chemistry Laboratory of Electronic Materials Department of Chemical Engineering POSTECH Pohang 790-784 Republic of Korea Advanced Functional Nanomaterial Laboratory Department of Chemical Engineering POSTECH Pohang 790-784 Repubfic of Korea State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies School of Physics and Engineering Sun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou 510275 China

Fast charge transfer and anti-photocorrosion are two crucial factors for developing efficient, durable photoanodes for photoelectrochemical （PEC） cells. Reduced graphene oxide （RGO） is a promising photoanode element that can provide both of these. In this study, we elucidated the roles of RGO in the charge transfer and surface passivation of photoanodes by the precise design of a RGO-wrapped photoanode and examination of its PEC properties. Arrays of hetero-nanorods （HNRs） with three different designs were fabricated as photoanodes using RGO, CdSe nanoparticles （NPs）, and ZnO nanorods （NRs） as building blocks. CdSe@ZnO HNRs were prepared by decorating ZnO NRs with CdSe NPs. Finite-element analysis and experimental studies demonstrated that in the CdSe@ZnO HNRs, if only the ZnO NRs were wrapped by RGO, the conductivity between CdSe and ZnO was enhanced by RGO to shuttle charges. If RGO only surrounded the outside of the CdSe@ZnO HNRs, the corrosion was slowed owing to the passivation effect of RGO, which increased the electron lifetime of the photoanode. If both CdSe and ZnO were fully wrapped by RGO, the advantages of the two aforementioned cases were both obtained. RGO-wrapped CdSe@ZnO HNRs with position-controlled designs are promising photoanode materials with a high PEC efficiency, and the developed synthesis process can be applied to explore the design and fabrication of next-generation photoanodes using RGO as a buildin~ block.

关键词： photoelectrochemical reduced graphene oxide(RGO) charge transfer surface passivation CdSe ZnO

Antioxidant,lipid peroxidation inhibition and free radical scavenging efficacy of a diterpenoid compound sugiol isolated from Metasequoia glyptostroboides

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2014年第1期7卷 9-15页

作者： Vivek K.Bajpai Ajay Sharma Sun Chul Kang Kwang-Hyun baek School of Biotechnology Yeungnam UniversityGyeongsanGyeongbook 712-749Republic of Korea

Objective:To investigate the antioxidant enicacy of a biologically active dilerpenoid compound sugiol isolated from Metasequoia glyptostroboides(***)in various antioxidant ***:An abietane type diterpenoid sugiol,isolated from ethyl acetate extract of *** cones,was analyzed for its antioxidant efficacy as reducing power ability and lipid peroxidation inhibition as well as its ability to scavenge free radicals such as 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl,nitric oxide,superoxide and hydroxyl ***:The sugiol showed significant and concentration-dependent antioxidant and free radical scavenging ***,the sugiol exerted lipid peroxidation inhibitory effect by 76.3%as compared to a-tocopherol(80.13%)and butylaled hydroxyanisole(76.59%).In addition,the sugiol had significant scavenging activities of l,l-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl,nitric oxide,superoxide and hydroxyl free radicals in a concentration-dependent manner by 78.83%,72.42%,72.99%and 85.04%,when compared to the standard compound ascorbic acid(81.69%,74.62%,73.00%and 73.79%)and a-tocopherol/butylated hydroxyanisole(84.09%,78.61%,74.45%and 70.02%),***:These findings justify the biological and traditional uses of *** or its secondary metabolites as confirmed by its promising antioxidant efficacy.

关键词： Sugiol Diterpenoid Antioxidant Free radicals Lipid peroxidation

Teleconnections:Summer Monsoon over Korea and India

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2002年第4期19卷 665-676页

作者： baek-Jo Kim Sung-Euii Moon 陆日宇 R.H.Kripalani Meteorological Research Institute Korea Meteorological Administration Seoul 156-720 Korea Korea Meteorological Administration Seoul 156-720 Korea LASG Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100080 Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology Pune 411008 India

This study investigates the relationship between the summer monsoon rainfall over Korea and India, by using correlation analysis and Singular Value Decomposition (SVD).Results reveal that summer monsoon rainfall over Korea is negatively (significant at the 99% level) cor-related with the rainfall over the northwest and central parts of India. In addition, coupled spatial modes be-tween the rainfall over Korea and India have been identified by the SVD analysis. The squared covariance fraction explained by the first mode is 70% and the correlation coefficient between the time coefficients of the two fields is significant at the 99% level, indicating that the coupled mode reflects a large part of the interaction between the summer monsoon rainfall over Korea and India. The first mode clearly demon-strates the existence of a significant negative correlation between the rainfall over the northwest and central parts of India and the rainfall over *** mechanisms of this correlation are investigated by analyzing the variation of upper-level at-mospheric circulation associated with the Tibetan high using NCEP/NCAR Reanalysis data.

关键词： summer monsoon rainfall tibetan high singular value decomposition (SVD)