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Binary interaction of typhoons Soulik and Cimaron in 2018—Part Ⅰ:Observational characteristics and forecast error

Tropical Cyclone Research and Review 2021年第1期10卷 32-42页

作者： eun-jeong cha Sug-gyeong Yun Il-Ju Moon Dong-Hoon Kim Meso-scale Research Team Convergence Meteorological Research DepartmentNational Institute of Meteorological SciencesKorea Meteorological AdministrationSeogwipoRepublic of Korea Typhoon Research Center Jeju National UniversityJejuRepublic of Korea Artificial Intelligence Convergence Research Center Inha UniversityIncheonRepublic of Korea

To understand structural changes and forecast error,a case study of binary typhoons in the western North Pacific(WNP)of 2018 was investigated using best track and reanalysis *** was generated on August 16 and Cimaron was generated on August 18,*** 19 th typhoon Soulik and 20 th typhoon Cimaron co-existed from August 18 to 24 and approached each *** was located on the western side and Cimaron was located on the eastern side of the *** were located approximately 1300 km from each other at 00 UTC August *** Soulik structure began changing around August 22 and became weak and slow,while Cimaron maintained its intensity,size,and moving *** observational evidence is likely caused by the binary interaction between two typhoons within a certain distance and environmental steering flow,such as the location of the North Pacific high and strong jet stream of the northern flank of the North Pacific *** was initially forecasted to make landfall and reach Seoul;however,its track changed from northward to northeastward from August 21 to 23 according to both official guidance and unified model(UM).Four global numerical weather prediction models forecasted different tracks of *** and JGSM forecasted a northward track whereas ECMWF and GFS showed a northeastward track for 12 UTC August 21 through 12 UTC August *** latter models were similar to the best *** track forecast error and spread of Soulik were larger than those of *** mean absolute error of the maximum wind speed of Soulik was similar to the average of total typhoons in 2018.

关键词： Typhoon Soulik Cimaron Binary typhoon interaction Structure change Forecast track Intensity error

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Third assessment on impacts of climate change on tropical cyclones in the Typhoon Committee Region-Part Ⅱ:Future projections

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Tropical Cyclone Research and Review 2020年第2期9卷 75-86页

作者： eun jeong cha Thomas R.Knutson Tsz-Cheung Lee Ming Ying Toshiyuki Nakaegawa National Typhoon Center Korea Meteorological AdministrationJejuRepublic of Korea Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory/NOAA PrincetonNJUSA Hong Kong Observatory Hong KongChina Shanghai Typhoon Institute China Meteorological AdministrationShanghaiChina Meteorological Research Institute/Japan Meteorological Agency TsukubaJapan

This paper assesses published findings on projections of future tropical cyclone(TC)activity in the ESCAP/WMO Typhoon Committee Region under climate change *** assessment also estimates the projected changes of key TC metrics for a 2℃anthropogenic global warming scenario for the western North Pacific(WNP)following the approach of a WMO Task Team,together with other reported findings for this *** projections of TC genesis/frequency,most models suggest a reduction of TC frequency,but an increase in the proportion of very intense TCs over the WNP in the ***,some individual studies project an increase in WNP TC *** studies agree on a projected increase of WNP TC intensity over the 21 st *** available projections for TC related precipitation in the WNP indicate an increase in TC related precipitation rate in a warmer *** warming may also lead to changes in TC prevailing tracks.A further increase in storm surge risk may result from increases in TC *** most confident aspect of forced anthropogenic change in TC inundation risk derives from the highly confident expectation of further sea level rise,which we expect will exacerbate storm inundation risk in coastal regions,assuming all other factors equal.

关键词： Tropical cyclones Climate change Westerm North Pacifie Typhoon Comitte Projections

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Third assessment on impacts of climate change on tropical cyclones in the Typhoon Committee Region——Part Ⅰ:Observed changes, detection and attribution

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Tropical Cyclone Research and Review 2020年第1期9卷 1-22页

作者： Tsz-Cheung Lee Thomas R.Knutson Toshiyuki Nakaegawa Ming Ying eun jeong cha Hong Kong Observatory Hong KongChina Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory/NOAA PrincetonNJUSA Meteorological Research Institute/Japan Meteorological Agency TsukubaJapan Shanghai Typhoon Institute China Meteorological AdministrationShanghaiChina National Typhoon Center Korea Meteorological AdministrationJejuRepublic of Korea

Published findings on climate change impacts on tropical cyclones(TCs)in the ESCAP/WMO Typhoon Committee Region are *** focus on observed TC changes in the western North Pacific(WNP)basin,including frequency,intensity,precipitation,track pattern,and storm *** from an updated survey of impacts of past TC activity on various Members of the Typhoon Committee are also *** TC datasets continue to show substantial interdecadal variations in basin-wide TC frequency and intensity in the *** has been encouraging progress in improving the consensus between different datasets concerning intensity trends.A statistically significant northwestward shift in WNP TC tracks since the 1980s has been *** is low-to-medium confidence in a detectable poleward shift since the 1940s in the average latitude where TCs reach their peak intensity in the WNP.A worsening of storm inundation levels is believed to be occurring due to sea level rise-due in part to anthropogenic influence-assuming all other factors ***,we are not aware that any TC climate change signal has been convincingly detected in WNP sea level extremes *** also consider detection and attribution of observed changes based on an alternative Type II error avoidance perspective.

关键词： Tropical cyclones Typhoons Climate change Typhoon Committee Western North Pacific

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Recent progress on the seasonal tropical cyclone predictions over the western North Pacific from 2014 to 2020

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Tropical Cyclone Research and Review 2022年第1期11卷 26-35页

作者： eun-jeong cha Se Hwan Yang Yu Sun Hyun chang-Hoi Ho Il-Ju Moon Meso-scale Meteorological Phenomenon Research Team National Institute of Meteorological SciencesKorean Meteorological AdministrationJejuRepublic of Korea National Typhoon Center Korean Meteorological AdministrationJejuRepublic of Korea School of Earth and Environmental Sciences Seoul National UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea Typhoon Research Center Jeju National UniversityJejuRepublic of Korea

This study summarized the procedure for the seasonal predictions of tropical cyclones(TCs)over the western North Pacific(WNP),which is currently operating at the Korea Meteorological Administration(KMA),Republic of *** methodology was briefly described,and its prediction accuracy was *** predictions were produced by synthesizing spatiotemporal evolutions of various climate factors such as El Ni no–Southern Oscillation(ENSO),monsoon activity,and Madden–Julian Oscillation(MJO),using four models:a statistical,a dynamical,and two statistical–dynamical *** KMA forecaster predicted the number of TCs over the WNP based on the results of the four models and season to season climate *** seasonal prediction of TCs is announced through the press twice a year,for the summer on May and fall on *** present results showed low accuracy during the period 2014–*** advance forecast skill,a set of recommendations are suggested.

关键词： Tropical cyclones Seasonal prediction Western north pacific Statistical model Statistical-dynamical model Dynamical model Forecast error and verification

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Single-cell and spatial omics:exploring hypothalamic heterogeneity

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1525-1540页

作者： Muhammad Junaid eun jeong Lee Su Bin Lim Department of Biochemistry&Molecular Biology Ajou University School of MedicineSuwonSouth Korea Department of Biomedical Sciences Graduate School of Ajou UniversitySuwonSouth Korea Department of Brain Science Ajou University School of MedicineSuwonSouth Korea

Elucidating the complex dynamic cellular organization in the hypothalamus is critical for understanding its role in coordinating fundamental body functions. Over the past decade, single-cell and spatial omics technologies have significantly evolved, overcoming initial technical challenges in capturing and analyzing individual cells. These high-throughput omics technologies now offer a remarkable opportunity to comprehend the complex spatiotemporal patterns of transcriptional diversity and cell-type characteristics across the entire hypothalamus. Current single-cell and single-nucleus RNA sequencing methods comprehensively quantify gene expression by exploring distinct phenotypes across various subregions of the hypothalamus. However, single-cell/single-nucleus RNA sequencing requires isolating the cell/nuclei from the tissue, potentially resulting in the loss of spatial information concerning neuronal networks. Spatial transcriptomics methods, by bypassing the cell dissociation, can elucidate the intricate spatial organization of neural networks through their imaging and sequencing technologies. In this review, we highlight the applicative value of single-cell and spatial transcriptomics in exploring the complex molecular-genetic diversity of hypothalamic cell types, driven by recent high-throughput achievements.

关键词： cellular diversity hypothalamus multi-omics single-cell transcriptomics spatial transcriptomics

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Dedifferentiated liposarcoma of the small bowel mesentery presenting as a submucosal mass

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2011年第7期3卷 116-118页

作者： eun-Jung cha Department of Pathology Konyang University HospitalKonyang University School of Medicine

Dedifferentiated liposarcoma(DDLPS) is a variant of liposarcoma but with a more aggressive *** occurs most commonly in the retroperitoneum and rarely in any other anatomical *** describe a case of DDLPS arising from the small bowel mesentery presenting as submucosal mass of the small *** current case is unusual as the tumor originated from the small bowel mesentery and a dedifferentiated component transmurally invaded the small bowel wall,including the small bowel submucosa.

关键词： Dedifferentiated liposarcoma Small bowel mesentery

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Multi-analyte analysis of cytokines that predict outcomes in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma treated with radiotherapy

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第11期23卷 2077-2085页

作者： Hyejung cha eun Jung Lee Jinsil Seong Department of Radiation Oncology Yonsei Cancer Center Yonsei University College of Medicine Department of Radiation Oncology Samsung Medical Center Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine

AIM To analyze cytokine levels and to identify their association with outcome in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) treated with radiotherapy(RT). METHODS Patients with HCC who were treated with RT were eligible for this prospective study. Blood samples were collected before and after RT, and serum cytokine levels including interleukin(IL)-1, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12, and tumor necrosis factor-α were analyzed. RESULTS Between 2008 and 2009, 51 patients were enrolled in this study. Baseline IL-6 level was high in patients with a history of pre-RT treatment. Median survival was 13.9 mo with alpha-fetoprotein(AFP) as a significant factor(P = 0.020). Median failure-free survival(FFS) for infield, outfield-intrahepatic and extrahepatic failures were 23.3, 11.5 and 12.0 mo, respectively. Sex and baseline IL-6 level were associated with infield FFS, and baseline IL-10 level was correlated with outfield-intrahepatic FFS. For extrahepatic FFS, AFP was significant(P =0.034). Patients with a baseline IL-6 level of ≥ 9.7 pg/m L showed worse infield FFS(P = 0.005), and this significance was observed only in treatment-non-na?ve patients(P = 0.022). CONCLUSION In addition to AFP, cytokines seem useful in predicting infield and outfield-intrahepatic failure. Serum cytokines could be useful biomarkers for predicting RT outcome in HCC.

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma Radiotherapy Cytokine Interleukin-6

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Reliable high temperature, high humidity flexible thin film encapsulation using Al2O3/MgO nanolaminates for flexible OLEDs

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Nano Research 2020年第10期13卷 2716-2725页

作者： Ki Suk Kang So Yeong jeong eun Gyo jeong Kyung Cheol Choi School of Eetrical Enginerng Korea Advanced lstute of Sciencp and Tchcnoloy(KAIST) 291 Daehak roYuscong guDaejeon 34141Republic of Korea Department of Clothing and Textiles Chormam National University77 Yongbong.roBuk guGwangjiu 61186Republic of Korea

Since most organic materials are very sensitive to moisture and oxygen, organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs) require an encapsulation layer to protect the active layer from these gases. Since light, flexible and portable OLEDs are being employed in more diverse climates and environmental conditions, the OLED encapsulation layer must retain robust mechanical properties and stability in high temperature/high humidity conditions. Al2O3 films have demonstrated excellent barrier performance, but they readily hydrolyze when exposed to prolonged harsh environments. In this study, we fabricated a thin film encapsulation (TFE) film that was resistant to hydrolysis, using Al2O3/MgO (AM) nanolaminates. MgO has superior resistance to harsh environments, and the aluminate phase generated by the chemical reaction of Al2O3 and MgO provided excellent barrier performance, even after storage in harsh conditions. A multi-barrier fabricated using the AM nanolaminate showed excellent barrier performance, close to the level required by OLEDs. It did not significantly deteriorate even after a bending test of 1,000 iterations at 0.63% strain. After 1,000 cycle of bending, the electrical properties of the passivated OLEDs were not significantly degraded at shelf-lifetime test where the fabricated device was stored for 50 days in a harsh environment of 60℃, 90% relative humidity. The multi-barrier shows the best performance compared to previous studies on flexible encapsulation that can be used in harsh environments.

关键词： thin film encapsulation nanolaminate structure Al2O3 MgO flexible organic light emitting diode(OLED)

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Electrochemical processing of spent nuclear fuels:An overview of oxide reduction in pyroprocessing technology

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2015年第6期25卷 572-582页

作者： eun-Young Choi Sang Mun jeong Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute Department of Chemical Engineering Chungbuk National University

The electrochemical reduction process has been used to reduce spent oxide fuel to a metallic form using pyroprocessing technology for a closed fuel cycle in combination with a metal-fuel fast *** the electrochemical reduction process,oxides fuels are loaded at the cathode basket in molten LiO–LiCl salt and electrochemically reduced to the metal *** approaches based on thermodynamic calculations and experimental studies have been used to understand the electrode reaction and efficiently treat spent *** factors that affect the speed of the electrochemical reduction have been determined to optimize the process and scale-up the electrolysis *** addition,demonstrations of the integrated series of processes(electrorefining and salt distillation) with the electrochemical reduction have been conducted to realize the oxide fuel *** overview provides insight into the current status of and issues related to the electrochemical processing of spent nuclear fuels.

关键词： Pyroprocessing Electrochemical reduction Electrorefining Molten salt Spent oxide fuel

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Strategies to overcome resistance to epidermal growth factor receptor monoclonal antibody therapy in metastatic colorectal cancer

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第29期20卷 9862-9871页

作者： Woo-jeong jeong Pu-Hyeon cha Kang-Yell Choi Translational Research Center for Protein Function Control Department of BiotechnologyCollege of Life Science and BiotechnologyYonsei University

Administration of monoclonal antibodies(mAbs)against epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR)such as cetuximab and panitumumab in combination with conventional chemotherapy substantially prolongs survival of patients with metastatic colorectal cancer(mCRC).However,the efficacy of these mAbs is limited due to genetic variation among patients,in particular K-ras *** discovery of K-ras mutation as a predictor of non-responsiveness to EGFR mAb therapy has caused a major change in the treatment of *** that inhibit transformation caused by oncogenic alterations of Ras and its downstream components such as BRAF,MEK and AKT seem to be promising cancer therapeutics as single agents or when given with EGFR *** multiple therapeutic strategies to overcome EGFR mAb-resistance are under investigation,our understanding of their mode of action is *** drug development based on stringent preclinical data,biomarker validation,and proper selection of patients is of paramount importance in the treatment of *** this review,we will discuss diverse approaches to overcome the problem of resistance to existing anti-EGFR therapies and potential future directions for cancer therapies related to the mutational status of genes associated with EGFRRas-ERK and PI3K signalings.

关键词： Colorectal cancer Epidermal growth factor receptor Resistance K-ras mutation Combinational therapy

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