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m TOR and post-translational modifications rely on mitochondrion as the arsenal for cellular metabolism regulation

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2015年第8期58卷 810-812页

作者： ZHUGE ChunChun j.CHEN Si j.CHIN Y eugene Shanghai Chest Hospital Shanghai Jiaotong University Institute of Health Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Medicine Shanghai Jiaotong University

Mitochondrion is considered as the"powerhouse of the cell"almost immediately since its *** carries less than 1,000 proteins and some nucleotides as well as *** is also discovered as the"lung of the cell"for its role i... 详细信息

关键词：细胞器线粒体翻译后修饰代谢调节 mTOR 呼吸作用代谢过程核苷酸

Recent advances in mass spectrometry-based proteomics of gastric cancer

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World j.urnal of Gastroenterology 2016年第37期22卷 8283-8293页

作者： Changwon Kang Yej.n Lee j.eugene Lee Department of biological Sciences Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology Center for bioanalysis Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science

The last decade has witnessed remarkable technological advances in mass spectrometry-based proteomics. The development of proteomics techniques has enabled the reliable analysis of complex proteomes, leading to the identification and quantification of thousands of proteins in gastric cancer cells, tissues, and sera. This quantitative information has been used to profile the anomalies in gastric cancer and provide insights into the pathogenic mechanism of the disease. In this review, we mainly focus on the advances in mass spectrometry and quantitative proteomics that were achieved in the last five years and how these up-andcoming technologies are employed to track biochemical changes in gastric cancer cells. We conclude by presenting a perspective on quantitative proteomics and its future applications in the clinic and translational gastric cancer research.

关键词： Gastric cancer Mass spectrometry Protein identification Proteomics Protein quantification

Correlation Structures between Satellite All-Sky Infrared brightness Temperatures and the Atmospheric State at Storm Scales

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2022年第5期39卷 714-732页

作者： Yunj. ZHANG eugene E.CLOTHIAUX David j.STENSRUD Center for Advanced Data Assimilation and Predictability Techniques and Department of Meteorology and Atmospheric ScienceThe Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPennsylvania 16802USA

This study explores the structures of the correlations between infrared(IR)brightness temperatures(bTs)from the three water vapor channels of the Advanced baseline Imager(AbI)onboard the GOES-16 satellite and the atmospheric ***-based data assimilation techniques such as the ensemble Kalman filter(EnKF)rely on correlations to propagate innovations of bTs to increments of model state *** the three water vapor channels are sensitive to moisture in different layers of the troposphere,the heights of the strongest correlations between these channels and moisture in clear-sky regions are closely related to the peaks of their respective weighting *** cloudy regions,the strongest correlations appear at the cloud tops of deep clouds,and ice hydrometeors generally have stronger correlations with bT than liquid *** magnitudes of the correlations decrease from the peak value in a column with both vertical and horizontal *** how the correlations decrease depend on both the cloud scenes and the cloud structures,as well as the model *** correlations between bTs and moisture,as well as hydrometeors,in fully cloudy regions decrease to almost 0 at about 30 *** horizontal correlations with atmospheric state variables in clear-sky regions are broader,maintaining non-zero values out to~100 *** results in this study provide information on the proper choice of cut-off radii in horizontal and vertical localization schemes for the assimilation of *** also provide insights on the most efficient and effective use of the different water vapor channels.

关键词： severe storm remote sensing data assimilation numerical modeling

Exploring gut microbes in human health and disease:Pushing the envelope

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Genes & Diseases 2014年第2期1卷 132-139页

作者： j.n Sun eugene b.Chang Department of biochemistry Rush University Medical CenterCohn Research Building1735 W.Harrison St.Room 506ChicagoIL 60612United States Department of Medicine Knapp Center for Biomedical DiscoveryUniversity of ChicagoChicagoIL 60637United States

Humans have coevolved with their microbes over thousands of years,but this relationship,is now being dramatically affected by shifts in the collective human microbiome resulting from changes in the environment and societal *** perturbations of intestinal host-microbe interactions can lead to miscues and altered host responses that increase the risk of pathogenic processes and promote“western”disorders such as inflammatory bowel diseases,cancers,obesity,diabetes,autism,and *** the current challenges and limitations in gene therapy,approaches that can reshape the gut microbiome represent a reasonable strategy for restoring the balance between host and *** this review and commentary,we highlight recent progress in our understanding of the intestinal microbiome in the context of health and diseases,focusing on mechanistic concepts that underlie the complex relationships between host and *** these gains,many challenges lie ahead that make it difficult to close the gap between the basic sciences and clinical *** will discuss the potential therapeutic strategies that can be used to manipulate the gut microbiota,recognizing that the promise of pharmabiotics(“bugs to drugs”)is unlikely to be completely fulfilled without a greater understanding of enteric microbiota and its impact on mammalian *** leveraging the knowledge gained through these studies,we will be prepared to enter the era of personalized medicine where clinical inventions can be custom-tailored to individual patients to achieve better outcomes.

关键词： Cancer Dysbiosis Gutebrain axis Inflammation Obesity SCFA Secondary bile acid Vitamin D receptor

Recent strategies to improve moisture stability in metal halide perovskites materials and devices

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j.urnal of Energy Chemistry 2022年第2期31卷 219-235页

作者： Chenxiao Zhou Alexey b.Tarasov eugene A.Goodilin Pengwan Chen Hao Wang Qi Chen School of Materials Science and Engineering Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China Faculty of Materials Science Lomonosov Moscow State UniversityLenin Hills119991 MoscowRussia Department of Chemistry Lomonosov Moscow State UniversityLenin Hills119991 MoscowRussia State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China beij.ng Institute of Technology Chongqing Innovation Center Chongqing 401120China

At present,the stability of the new generation of solar cells based on hybrid perovskites is the bottleneck for their practical *** effects,high temperature,ultraviolet light,humidity and other known or still unknown factors might cause reduction of effectiveness or even irreversible loss of materials properties due to decomposition of functional layers within perovskite solar cells(PSCs).These factors alone have a serious impact on each component of the device,while their combinations lead to much more complicated effects and *** review focuses on the stability of PSCs and the degradation of the device in a humid *** assess the instability factors and deep-seated principles of evolution of the device structure in a humidity environment with the emphasis on the influence on their *** related solutions are reviewed from the perspective of the encapsulation,perovskite active layer,carrier transport layer and *** with the latest research,we believe that the waterproof strategy of PSCs requires either tight encapsulation or thorough modifications in the device ***,it is important to develop feasible strategies to improve the overall device stability over humid according to the target characteristics of various devices.

关键词： Perovskite solar cells Water Stability Composition Encapsulation

Diabetes pathogenesis and management:the endothelium comes of age

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j.urnal of Molecular Cell biology 2021年第7期13卷 500-512页

作者： Kaitlin M.Love eugene j.barrett Steven K.Malin j.ne E.b.Reusch j.dith G.Regensteiner Zhenqi Liu Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism Department of MedicineUniversity of Virginia Health SystemCharlottesvilleVA 22908USA Department of Kinesiology and Health Rutgers UniversityNew BrunswickNJUSA Division of Endocrinology Metabolism and NutritionRutgers UniversityNew BrunswickNJUSA New j.rsey Institute for Food Nutrition and HealthRutgers UniversityNew BrunswickNJUSA Institute of Translational Medicine and Research Rutgers UniversityNew BrunswickNJUSA Center for Women’s Health Research University of Colorado School of MedicineAuroraCOUSA Department of Medicine University of ColoradoAnschutz Medical CampusAuroraCOUSA Rocky Mountain Regional Veterans Affairs Medical Center AuroraCOUSA

Endothelium,acting as a barrier,protects tissues against factors that provoke insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes and itself responds to the insult of insulin resistance inducers with altered *** insulin resistance and vascular dysfunction occur early in the evolution of insulin resistance-related disease,can co-exist with and even contribute to the development of metabolic insulin resistance,and promote vascular complications in those *** impact of endothelial insulin resistance and vascular dysfunction varies depending on the blood vessel size and location,resulting in decreased arterial plasticity,increased atherosclerosis and vascular resistance,and decreased tissue *** with insulin resistance and diabetes are disproportionately impacted by cardiovascular disease,likely related to differential sex-hormone endothelium ***,reducing endothelial insulin resistance and improving endothelial function in the conduit arteries may reduce atherosclerotic complications,in the resistance arteries lead to better blood pressure control,and in the microvasculature lead to less microvascular complications and more effective tissue *** diabetes therapeutic modalities,including medications and exercise training,improve endothelial insulin action and vascular *** action may delay the onset of type 2 diabetes and/or its complications,making the vascular endothelium an attractive therapeutic target for type 2 diabetes and potentially type 1 diabetes.

关键词： diabetes insulin resistance endothelium vascular function

A decomposition of light’s spin angular momentum density

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第8期13卷 1578-1589页

作者： Alex j.Vernon Sebastian Golat Claire Rigouzzo eugene A.Lim Francisco j.Rodríguez-Fortuño Department of Physics King’s College LondonStrandLondon WC2R 2LSUK London Centre for Nanotechnology LondonUK

Light carries intrinsic spin angular momentum(SAM)when the electric or magnetic field vector rotates over time.A familiar vector equation calculates the direction of light’s SAM density using the right-hand rule with reference to the electric and magnetic polarisation *** Maxwell’s equations,this vector equation can be decomposed into a sum of two distinct terms,akin to the well-known Poynting vector decomposition into orbital and spin *** present the first general study of this spin decomposition,showing that the two terms,which we call canonical and Poynting spin,are chiral analogies to the canonical and spin momenta of light in its interaction with *** canonical momentum,canonical spin is directly *** canonical and Poynting spin incorporate spatial variation of the electric and magnetic fields and are influenced by optical *** decomposition allows us to show that a linearly polarised vortex beam,which has no total SAM,can nevertheless exert longitudinal chiral pressure due to equal and opposite canonical and Poynting spins.

关键词： canonical momentum angular

Reminiscing my sixty year pursuit of the physics of the Sun and the Galaxy

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2014年第1期14卷 1-14页

作者： eugene N.Parker Department of Physics Department of Astronomy and AstrophysicsUniversity of Chicago

Reminiscing begins with childhood and passes on to student days through graduate school and the first real contact with research. Then early academic posi- tions and stumbling efforts to pursue my ideas. The first significant progress came as a research associate with Prof. W. M. Elsasser at the University of Utah, beginning with an introduction to magnetohydrodynarnics and the generation of the geomagnetic field through induction in the liquid metal core of Earth. A move to the University of Chicago to work with Prof. j. A. Simpson, on the implications of cosmic ray varia- tions and interplanetary magnetic fields, led to the theory of coronal expansion and the solar wind and then to exploring the dynamical effects of cosmic rays on the galactic magnetic field. Spontaneous current sheets and intrinsic rapid reconnection in interlaced magnetic field line topologies were the next big proj.ct, leading up to retirement. Finally, it is a pleasure to recall my many associates, whose fresh thinking helped stimulate the daily research activities.

关键词： dynamo -- magnetohydrodynamics -- plasma

Prognostic and predictive biomarkers for metastatic renal cell carcinoma

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j.urnal of Cancer Metastasis and Treatment 2021年第1期7卷 659-671页

作者： Logan G.briggs eugene b.Cone Richard j.Lee Michael L.blute Harvard Medical School BostonMA 02114USA Department of Urology Massachusetts General HospitalBostonMA 02114USA Department of Medicine Division of Hematology/OncologyMassachusetts General HospitalBostonMA 02114USA.

Several prognostic models incorporating serum biomarkers to estimate patient survival have been established for metastatic renal cell *** advancements in biomarker research have highlighted much additional serum,gene mutation,genetic expression signatures,and histologic biomarkers that predict clinical outcomes and response to ***,therefore,reviewed biomarkers associated with overall,cancer-specific,progression-free,and disease-free survival,overall response,and time to treatment failure rate in adult populations with metastatic renal cell *** reviewed human studies reporting associations between biomarkers and clinical *** were abstracted via standardized form,then reported with hazard ratios and confidence intervals where appropriate,subdivided by biomarker type(serum,gene mutation,genetic expression,and histologic).We identified a range of newer biomarkers that have clinical associations with prognostic and predictive *** biomarkers used in modern risk models,those consistently associated with prognosis included serum levels of CAIX,COP-NLR,CRP,s-TATI,and VEGF,gene mutations in bAP1,CDKN2A,CIMP/FH,and TERT,gene expression of ERV and NQO1,and histologic macrophage infiltration and expression of CAIX and *** consistently associated with the response to targeted antiangiogenic therapy included serum CRP,mutations in MET,PbRM-1,bAP1,and the mTOR pathway,TERT promoter mutations,and expression of PTEN and angiogenic gene *** expression of hERV,T-effector,and immunogenic signatures have been associated with improved response to immune checkpoint *** models should incorporate well-studied biomarkers to help clinicians predict outcomes and treatment responses for patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma.

关键词： Carcinoma renal cell biomarkers precision medicine patient-specific modeling neoplasms