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How the Dirac Sea Idea May Apply to a Spatially-Flat Universe Model (A Brief Review)

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Journal of Modern Physics 2019年第8期10卷 974-979页

作者： eugene terry tatum Bowling Green KY USA

The famous Dirac sea idea can be resurrected if one replaces the concept of positive and negative matter mass with positive and negative energy. Utilizing this concept, the perpetually spatially-flat matter-generating FSC model can be shown to be a realistic Milne “empty universe” model. Furthermore, this may be why Rh = ct cosmological models like FSC show an excellent statistical fit with the accumulated data of the Supernova Cosmology Project.

关键词： Dirac Sea Dirac Equation Flat Space Cosmology Dark Energy Dark Matter Inflationary Cosmology Supernova Cosmology Project Rh = ct Models

Why Krogdahl’s Flat Space-Time Cosmology Is Superior to General Relativity

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Journal of Modern Physics 2017年第13期8卷 2087-2095页

作者： eugene terry tatum 760 Campbell Ln. Bowling Green KY USA

This paper briefly discusses existing problems with the theory of general relativity despite remarkable accuracy in most of its applications. The primary focus is on existing problems in the field of cosmology, particularly those pertaining to expectations of global cosmic space-time curvature in the absence of observational proof. The discussion centers on Krogdahl’s recent Lorentz-invariant flat space-time cosmology and its superiority to general relativity with respect to accounting for global cosmic space-time flatness and dark energy observations. The “cosmological constant problem” is briefly addressed as a problem for general relativity with respect to particle physics and quantum field theory. Finally, two very specific validation predictions in favor of Krogdahl’s flat space-time cosmology are made with respect to ongoing studies, including the dark energy survey (DES).

关键词： Cosmological Theory General Relativity Flatness Problem Cosmic Infla-tion Dark Energy Survey Cosmological Constant Problem Krogdahl’s Relativity

Calculating Radiation Temperature Anisotropy in Flat Space Cosmology

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Journal of Modern Physics 2018年第10期9卷 1946-1953页

作者： eugene terry tatum 760 Campbell Ln. Ste. 106 #161 Bowling Green KY USA

The purpose of this paper is to show how one can use the FSC model of gravitational entropy to calculate cosmic radiation temperature anisotropy for any past cosmic time t since the Planck scale. Cosmic entropy follows the Bekenstein-Hawking definition, although in the correct-scaling form of, which scales 60.63 logs of 10 from the Planck scale. In the FSC model, cosmic radiation temperature anisotropy At = (t/to). The derived past anisotropy value can be compared to current co-moving anisotropy defined as unity (to/to). Calculated in this way, current gravitational entropy and temperature anisotropy have maximum values, and the earliest universe has the lowest entropy and temperature anisotropy values. This approach comports with the second law of thermodynamics and the theoretical basis of the Sachs-Wolfe effect, gravitational entropy as defined by Roger Penrose, and Erik Verlinde’s “emergent gravity” theory.

关键词： Flat Space Cosmology Cosmic Microwave Background CMB Anisotropy Cosmology Theory Cosmic Entropy Gravitational Entropy Black Holes Standard Cosmology

Why the Road to Unification Likely Goes through Krogdahl’s Relativity

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Journal of Modern Physics 2017年第13期8卷 2096-2103页

作者： eugene terry tatum 760 Campbell Ln. Bowling Green KY USA

Deriving an acceptable quantum field theory of gravitation from general relativity has eluded some of the best scientific thinkers. It is gradually becoming more apparent that general relativity’s classical assumptions are simply incompatible with quantum mechanics. For instance, simultaneous certainty of the location and momentum of any moving body, regardless of size, is a fundamental feature of general relativity. And yet, special relativity and quantum mechanics (thru Heisenberg’s uncertainty) reject the very notion of simultaneity. Since special relativity is already fully integrated into quantum field theory concerning the other forces of nature, were it possible to remove the confounding smoothly curved space-time fabric of general relativity and replace it in the form of a new and improved Lorentz-invariant (flat space-time) gravitational theory, final unification might well be achievable. This brief review paper further informs the reader as to why Krogdahl’s recent Lorentz-invariant relativity model of gravitation improves on general relativity, thus providing a deeper understanding of black holes, the cosmological flatness problem and dark energy. Most importantly, since the smoothly curved space-time of general relativity may well have been the road block to unification, Krogdahl’s flat space-time model is predicted to lead to an acceptable quantum theory of gravitation (i.e., “quantum gravity”) and unification (i.e., a so-called “theory of everything”).

关键词： Cosmological Theory General Relativity Flatness Problem Black Holes Dark Energy Cosmological Constant Problem Krogdahl’s Relativity

My C.G.S.I.S.A.H. Theory of Dark Matter

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Journal of Modern Physics 2019年第8期10卷 881-887页

作者： eugene terry tatum Bowling Green KY USA

Theory and observations concerning the cosmic reionization epoch are briefly discussed in the context of recent observations attributed to dark matter. A case is made that cold ground state interstellar atomic hydrogen of average density of about one atom per cubic centimeter (1.67 × 10-21?kg·m-3?or 1.67 × 10-24?g·cm-3) appears to be the most likely candidate to explain these observations.

关键词： Dark Matter Early Universe Reionization Epoch Dark Ages Cosmology Observations Galaxies: ISM ISM: Atoms Radio Lines: ISM

A Potentially Useful Galactic Dark Matter Index

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Journal of Modern Physics 2018年第8期9卷 1564-1567页

作者： eugene terry tatum 760 Campbell Ln. Ste. 106 #161 Bowling Green KY 42104 USA

There have been a number of observational surprises with respect to galactic dark matter-to-visible matter ratios. These surprises confirm our continued lack of understanding of the fundamental nature of dark matter. Because of their apparent close ties with galactic gravitational entropy, at least four recent observations appear to provide the first evidence in support of Verlinde’s theory of gravity, dark energy and dark matter as emergent properties. They also appear to correlate with Roger Penrose’s gravitational entropy concept, as well as entropy defined in the Flat Space Cosmology (FSC) model. Given the observational support, two different testable versions of a “Dark Matter Index” (DMI) are introduced in this paper, and its utility is discussed in terms of potentially achieving a better understanding of the fundamental nature of dark matter.

关键词： Dark Matter Flat Space Cosmology Cosmology Theory Gravitational Entropy Black Holes DMI

Dark Matter as the Gravitized Vacuum: A Brief Note and Experimental Proposal

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Journal of Modern Physics 2018年第13期9卷 2342-2345页

作者： eugene terry tatum 760 Campbell Ln. Ste. 106 #161 Bowling Green KY USA

The gravitized vacuum is operationally defined as the vacuum of space sufficiently close to any gravitating massive body, or collection of bodies, such that its gravitational energy field strength and density are observed, or expected, to be greater than that of deep intergalactic space. It is hypothesized that the contributions to gravitational lensing and excess galactic/peri-galactic rotational inertia currently attributed to dark matter could be predictable effects of increased energy density, with corresponding mass effects, of a gravitized vacuum acting in the manner of a near-absolute zero superfluid. This hypothesis should be testable by an earth-based laboratory with the apparatus and procedure described herein.

关键词： Dark Matter Gravitized Vacuum Gravitational Lensing Vacuum Energy Emergent Gravity Superfluidity Gravitational Theory General Relativity Cosmology

A Universe Comprised of 50% Matter Mass-Energy and 50% Dark Energy

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Journal of Modern Physics 2019年第9期10卷 1144-1148页

作者： eugene terry tatum Bowling Green KY USA

The new C.G.S.I.S.A.H. theory of dark matter is used to appropriately classify and quantitate the previously-overlooked cold ground state neutral atomic hydrogen within the intergalactic vacuum. A surprising discovery is demonstrated in the Results section that approximately one-fifth of the cosmic critical density can be attributable to intergalactic cold ground state neutral atomic hydrogen. By subtracting this quantity of the critical density from the dark energy ledger column and adding it to the total matter mass-energy ledger column, our current universe appears to be equally proportioned between total matter mass-energy and dark energy. This has been a longstanding prediction of the Flat Space Cosmology model.

关键词： Dark Matter Dark Energy CGSISAH Theory Flat Space Cosmology Dirac Sea Intergalactic Medium Interstellar Medium ΛCDM Concordance Model

Predicted Dark Matter Quantitation in Flat Space Cosmology

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Journal of Modern Physics 2018年第8期9卷 1559-1563页

作者： eugene terry tatum 760 Campbell Ln. Ste. 106 #161 Bowling Green KY 42104 USA

The purpose of this paper is to show how the dark matter predictions of FSC differ with respect to the standard cosmology assertion of a universal dark matter-to-visible matter ratio of approximately 5.3-to-1. FSC predicts the correct ratio to be approximately 9-to-1, based primarily on the universal observations of global spatial flatness in the context of general relativity. The FSC Friedmann equations incorporating a Lambda?Λ?cosmological term clearly indicate that a spatially flat universe must have equality of the positive curvature (matter mass-energy) and negative curvature (dark energy) density components. Thus, FSC predicts that observations of the Milky Way and the nearly co-moving galaxies within 100 million light years will prove the 5.3-to-1 ratio to be incorrect. The most recent galactic and perigalactic observations indicate a range of dark matter-to-visible matter ratios varying from essentially zero (NGC 1052-DF2) to approximately 23-to-1 (Milky Way). The latter ratio is simply astonishing and promises an exciting next few years for astrophysicists and cosmologists. Within the next few years, the mining of huge data bases (especially the Gaia catalogue and Hubble data) will resolve whether standard cosmology will need to change its current claims for the cosmic energy density partition to be more in line with FSC, or whether FSC is falsified. A prediction is that standard cosmology must eventually realize the necessity of resolving the tension between their flatness observations and their assertion of dark energy dominance. The author makes the further prediction that FSC will soon become the new paradigm in cosmology.

关键词： Flat Space Cosmology Standard Cosmology Cosmology Theory Dark Matter Cosmic Microwave Background Planck Collaboration Gravitational Entropy Black Holes