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Assessment of Indoor Microbial Quality of Library’s Premise: Case of Central Library of the University of YaoundéI

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Open Journal of Preventive Medicine 2018年第4期8卷 109-120页

作者： Kengne Gounmadje Landry Nyegue Maximillienne Ascension Djuidje Chatue Ide Armelle Gonsu Kamga Hortense etoa francois-xavier Department of Biochemistry University of YaoundeIYaoundeCameroon Department of Microbiology University of YaoundeIYaoundeCameroon Laboratory of Bacteriology CHUYaoundeCameroon

Background: Good indoor air quality is important for human health and comfort, because people spend a most of their time within buildings. Microbial pollution is a key element of indoor air pollution. Bacteria and fungi growing indoors when sufficient moisture is available usually cause indoor air pollution. Methods: This study was conducted to assess the microbial concentration and to identify the main bacteria and fungi in the indoor environment of Central Library of the University of Yaoundé I. A total of 76 samples were taken from indoor air, surfaces and mouldy books. Bioaerosol sampling and air concentration were made by passive air sampling technique using petri dishes containing different culture media and exposed for 30, 60 and 90 min in the morning and afternoon. Sampling of surfaces and mouldy books were made by rubbing using sterile swab. The identification of the isolated microorganisms was based on macroscopic, microscopic and biochemical characters. Results: The concentrations of bacteria and fungi in the indoor environment of Central Library of the University of Yaoundé I ranged between 747 and 2324 CFU/m for the air and 40 and 500 CFU/cm2 for surfaces. In the examined area, the predominant culturable species of microflora were members of the following bacteria genera;Bacillus spp, Staphylococcus spp, Micrococcus spp, Pseudomonas spp, Rhodococcus spp, Enterobacter spp, Klebsiella spp and Escherichia spp and fungi;Aspergillus spp, Penicillium spp, Curvularia spp, Mucor spp, Cladosporium spp, Candida spp Rhodotorula spp, Fusarium spp, Trichophyton spp, Acremonium spp, Aureobasidium spp, Rhizopus spp and Chrysonilia spp. Conclusion: High concentrations of bacteria and fungi were observed in the central library of the University of Yaoundé I. Precautions and safety measures should be taken to reduce microbial pollution at universities libraries by improving libraries ventilation and disinfection.

关键词： Microbial Pollution Library Identification Fungi Bacteria

Monotonic Diamond and DDFV Type Finite-Volume Schemes for 2D Elliptic Problems

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Communications in Computational Physics 2023年第7期34卷 456-502页

作者： xavier Blanc francois Hermeline Emmanuel Labourasse Julie Patela UniversitéParis Cité Sorbonne UniversitéCNRSLaboratoire Jacques-Louis LionsF-75013 ParisFrance CEA DAMDIFF-91297 ArpajonFrance UniversitéParis-Saclay CEA DAM DIFLaboratoire en Informatique Haute Performance pour le Calcul et la Simulation91297 ArpajonFrance

The DDFV(Discrete Duality Finite Volume)method is a finite volume scheme mainly dedicated to diffusion problems,with some outstanding *** scheme has been found to be one of the most accurate finite volume methods for diffusion *** the present paper,we propose a new monotonic extension of DDFV,which can handle discontinuous tensorial diffusion ***,we compare its performance to a diamond type method with an original interpolation method relying on polynomial *** is achieved by adapting the method of Gao et al[A finite volume element scheme with a monotonicity correction for anisotropic diffusion problems on general quadrilateral meshes]to our *** a technique does not require the positiveness of the secondary *** show that the two new methods are second-order accurate and are indeed monotonic on some challenging benchmarks as a Fokker-Planck problem.

关键词： Finite volume method anisotropic diffusion monotonic method DDFV scheme

Effects of Cu^(2+)and humic acids on degradation and fate of TBBPA in pure culture of Pseudomonas *** CDT

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2017年第12期29卷 60-67页

作者： Yini Ma Yingying Zhao Yongfeng Wang Xiangzhen Li Feifei Sun Phillippe francois-xavier Corvini Rong Ji State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse School of the EnvironmentNanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China Key Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Microbiology Chengdu Institute of BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesChengdu 610041China Institute for Ecopreneurship School of Life SciencesUniversity of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern SwitzerlandGrundenstrasse 40Muttenz CH-4132Switzerland

Soil contamination with tetrabromobisphenol A（TBBPA） has caused great concerns;however, the presence of heavy metals and soil organic matter on the biodegradation of TBBPA is still unclear. We isolated Pseudomonas sp. strain CDT, a TBBPA-degrading bacterium, from activated sludge and incubated it with ^（14）C-labeled TBBPA for 87 days in the absence and presence of Cu^（2＋）and humic acids（HA）. TBBPA was degraded to organic-solvent extractable（59.4% ± 2.2%） and non-extractable（25.1% ± 1.3%） metabolites,mineralized to CO_2（4.8% ± 0.8%）, and assimilated into cells（10.6% ± 0.9%） at the end of incubation. When Cu^（2＋）was present, the transformation of extractable metabolites into non-extractable metabolites and mineralization were inhibited, possibly due to the toxicity of Cu^（2＋）to cells. HA significantly inhibited both dissipation and mineralization of TBBPA and altered the fate of TBBPA in the culture by formation of HA-bound residues that amounted to 22.1% ± 3.7% of the transformed TBBPA. The inhibition from HA was attributed to adsorption of TBBPA and formation of bound residues with HA via reaction of reactive metabolites with HA molecules, which decreased bioavailability of TBBPA and metabolites in the culture. When Cu^（2＋）and HA were both present, Cu^（2＋）significantly promoted the HA inhibition on TBBPA dissipation but not on metabolite degradation. The results provide insights into individual and interactive effects of Cu^（2＋）and soil organic matter on the biotransformation of TBBPA and indicate that soil organic matter plays an essential role in determining the fate of organic pollutants in soil and mitigating heavy metal toxicity.

关键词： Tetrabromobisphenol-A Biodegradation Soil organic matter Heavy metals Fate

A fully bio-sourced adsorbent of heavy metals in water fabricated by immobilization of quinine on cellulose paper

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2019年第10期31卷 174-183页

作者： Ehu C.Aka Medy C.Nongbe Tchirioua Ekou Lynda Ekou Vincent Coeffard francois-xavier Felpin Universite de Nantes CNRS UMR 6230CEISAM2 rue de la Houssinière44322 Nantes Cedex 3France Universite Nangui Abrogoua Laboratoire de Thermodynamique et de Physico-Chimie du Milieu02 BP 801 Abidjan 02Cote d'lvoire

The fabrication of a fully bio-sourced adsorbent of Cd(Ⅱ)by covalent immobilization of quinine on cellulose paper is *** double bond of commercially available quinine was converted to a terminal alkyne function which was reacted with cellulose paper,chemically modified with azide functions,through a 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition,leading to *** adsorption efficiency of Cell-Quin was investigated to determine the optimal pH,contact time and dose of adsorbent,ultimately leading to high levels of *** mechanism of adsorption of Cell-Quin was deeply rationalized through kinetic experiments and isotherm *** also showed that Cell-Quin could adsorb other heavy metals such as Cu(Ⅱ),Pb(Ⅱ),Ni(Ⅱ)and Zn(Ⅱ).

关键词： Cellulose paper Quinine Heavy metal removal Adsorbent

Aframomum melegueta prevents the ejaculatory complications of propylthiouracil-induced hypothyroidism in sexually experienced male rats: Evidence from intravaginal and fictive ejaculations

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2019年第5期17卷 359-365页

作者： francois xavier Kemka Nguimatio Patrick Brice Deeh Defo Modeste Wankeu-Nya Esther Ngadjui Albert Kamanyi Pierre Kamtchouing Pierre Watcho Animal Physiology and Phytopharmacology Laboratory University of DschangP.O. Box 67DschangCameroon Department of Animal Organisms Biology University of DoualaP.O. Box24157 DoualaCameroon Department of Animal Biology and Physiology University of Yaounde 1P.O. Box 812YaoundeCameroon

Objective: Hypothyroidism has been claimed to generate sexual dysfunctions such as ejaculatory disorders. Aframomum melegueta is an aphrodisiac plant with pro-ejaculatory properties. We investigated the protective effects of aqueous extract(AE) and methanolic extract(ME) of A. melegueta on the ejaculatory function of hypothyroid male ***: Forty sexually experienced male rats were partitioned into 8 groups(5 rats per group) and treated for 28 d as follows: Group 1, Control;Group 2, propylthiouracil(PTU, 10 mg/kg)+ distilled water(DW,10 m L/kg);Group 3, PTU + 5% Tween 80(10 m L/kg);Group 4, PTU + bromocriptine(6 mg/kg);Group 5,PTU + AE(20 mg/kg);Group 6, PTU + AE(100 mg/kg);Group 7, PTU + ME(20 mg/kg), and Group 8,PTU + ME(100 mg/kg). On days 0, 7, 14 and 28 of treatment, each male rat was paired with primed receptive female for measurement of ejaculatory latency time(ELT) and post-ejaculatory interval(PEI) for1.5 h. On day 29, each male rat was urethane-anesthetized and the spinal cord was ***, following urethral/penile stimulations and intravenous injection of dopamine, contractions of the bulbospongiosus muscles and the intraseminal pressure were registered. After these recordings,blood was collected through the catheterization of abdominal artery and plasma was used for thyroidstimulating hormone(TSH), prolactin and testosterone ***: PTU-induced hypothyroidism was characterized by a significant elevation(P < 0.001) of plasmatic TSH and prolactin levels, but a decline(P < 0.001) in plasmatic testosterone, compared to untreated group. ELT, PEI, contractions of the bulbospongiosus muscles and the intraseminal pressure were also altered by PTU treatment. On the contrary, A. melegueta extracts elevated testosterone(AE, 100 mg/kg,P < 0.01;ME, 100 mg/kg, P < 0.05) and decreased prolactin(AE, 100 mg/kg, P < 0.05;ME, 20 mg/kg,P < 0.05) levels, compared to corresponding controls. With regard to DW + PTU group, prolactin concentration wa

关键词： Propylthiouracil Hypothyroidism Ejaculation Bromocriptine Aframomum melegueta

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行波型热声驱动器的实验研究

声学学报 2003年第4期28卷 375-380页

作者：金滔 BRETAGNE Emmanuel 陈国邦 francois Maurice-xavier 浙江大学制冷与低温工程研究所法国国家科研中心LIMSI实验室

热声驱动器是利用热声效应把热能转化为声能的动力装置,因其不含运动部件,具有结构简单和运行可靠等优点而倍受关注。本文研究的新型行波型热声驱动器在效率方面比驻波型热声驱动器有很大的提高。在简要回顾行波型热声驱动器的发展历史... 详细信息

热声驱动器是利用热声效应把热能转化为声能的动力装置,因其不含运动部件,具有结构简单和运行可靠等优点而倍受关注。本文研究的新型行波型热声驱动器在效率方面比驻波型热声驱动器有很大的提高。在简要回顾行波型热声驱动器的发展历史之后,详细介绍了一实验系统的结构和设计情况,并在研制成的实验装置上开展了初步的实验研究,成功获得了热声振荡,以氦气和氮气为工质,得到频率分别为66Hz和23Hz的压力振荡。此外,还考察了压力振幅受加热功率和加热温度的影响,以及安装喷射泵前后的对比实验情况。

关键词：行波型热声驱动器实验研究热声效应热声自激振荡热机动力装置

Hepatitis C in Laos： A 7-Year Retrospective Study on 1765 Patients

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Virologica Sinica 2018年第4期33卷 295-303页

作者： Phimpha Paboriboune Thomas Vial Philavanh Sitbounlang Stephane Bertani Christian Trepo Paul Deny francois-xavier Babin Nicolas Steenkeste Pascal Pineau Eric Deharo Centre d'Infectiologie Lao-Christophe Merieux 3888 Vientiane Laos UMR 152 PHARMADEV IRD Universite de ToulouseUPS 31062 Toulouse France INSERM U1052 CNRS UMR 5286 Cancer Research Centre of Lyon 69008 Lyon France Universite Paris 13 Sorbonne Paris Cite Hopitaux Universitaires Paris Seine Saint Denis 93000 Bobigny France Fondation Merieux 69002 Lyon France INSERM U993 Institut Pasteur Unite 'Organisation Nucleaire et Oncogenese' 75015 Paris France

Hepatitis C virus （HCV） is a global health concern, notably in Southeast Asia, and in Laos the presentation of the HCV- induced liver disease is poorly known. Our objective was thus to describe a comprehensive HCV infection pattern in order to guide national health policies. A study on a group of 1765 patients formerly diagnosed by rapid test in health centres was conducted at the Centre of Infectiology Lao Christophe Merieux in Vientiane. The demographic information of patients, their infection status （viral load： VL）, liver function （aminotransferases） and treatments were analysed. Results showed that gender distribution of infected people was balanced; with median ages of 53.8 for men and 51.6 years for women （13-86 years）. The majority of patients （72%） were confirmed positive （VL 〉 50 IU/mL） and 28% of them had high VL （〉 61oglo）. About 23% of patients had level of aminotransferases indicative of liver damage （〉 40 IU/mL）; but less than 20% of patients received treatment. Patients rarely received a second sampling or medical imaging. The survey also showed that cycloferon, pegylated interferon and ribavirin were the drugs prescribed preferentially by the medical staff, without following any international recommendations schemes. In conclusion, we recommend that a population screening policy and better management of patients should be urgently implemented in the country, respecting official guidelines. However, the cost of biological analysis and treatment are significant barriers that must be removed. Public health resolutions should be immediately enforced in the perspective of meeting the WHO HCV elimination deadline by 2030.

关键词： Hepatitis C virus (HCV) HCV incidence Antiviral agents Laos

Use of Bitter Leaf(Vernonia amygdalina)Extract and Pasteurization Aim at Improving the Sensory Quality and Shelf-life of Mpedli,a Traditional Opaque Sorghum White Beer from Northern Cameroon

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NASS Journal of Agricultural Sciences 2022年第2期4卷 1-12页

作者： Koge James Ronald Bayoï Bakari Daoudou Yonas Vandi Bruno Foundikou Roger Darman Djoulde François-xavier etoa Department of Biological Sciences Faculty of ScienceUniversity of MarouaMarouaP.O.Box 814Cameroon Department of Agriculture Livestock and by-productsNational Advanced School of Engineering of MarouaUniversity of MarouaMarouaP.O.Box 46Cameroon Department of Microbiology Faculty of ScienceUniversity of Yaounde IYaoundeP.O.Box 812Cameroon

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the sensory property and shelf life of the processed mpedli beer using aqueous leaves extract of Vernonia amygdalina(VA)and heat *** white sorghum beer was made at the laboratory scale using home-made procedure(Control).Following filtration,the beer was blended with an aqueous leaf extract(1/10,v/v)of VA(BUB).Pasteurization(60°C/30 min)was performed on a portion of the VA blended sample(BPB).The sensory parameters and shelf life of the three samples were evaluated at room temperature during a month *** sensory characteristics of blended and non-supplemented mpedli beer differed significantly(p<0.05).During storage,the colour,bitterness,aroma,odour,viscosity,texture,and overall acceptability of the processed samples were ***(r=0.898;p<0.01)and odour(r=0.930;p<0.01)were both highly correlated with the acceptance of the processed *** non-supplemented samples had the highest sensory scores 48 hours after preparation,while the relevant sensory ratings in processed BUB and BPB samples were recorded from the 12th to the 21st and 27th day of storage,*** findings suggest that combining pasteurization with addition of aqueous leaf extract of VA may help small-scale brewers for improving the sensory quality and extending the shelf life of *** to the findings,the use of bitter leaf could be proposed as an alternative hop in the local brewing industry and may increase incomes of producers of local sorghum beer.

关键词： Bitter leaf Pasteurization Sorghum beer Mpedli Sensory properties Shelf life

Relationship of preoperative androgen levels and metabolic syndrome with quality of life and erectile function in patients who are to undergo radical prostatectomy

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2021年第5期23卷 520-526页

作者： Yann Neuzillet Jean-francois Dreyfus Jean-Pierre Raynaud Mathieu Rouanne Marc Schneider Morgan Roupret Sarah Drouin Marc Galiano xavier Cathelineau Thierry Lebret Henry Botto Department of Urology Hopital FochUVSQ-Paris-Saclay UniversitySuresnes 92150France Department of Clinical Research and Innovation Hopital FochUVSQ-Paris-Saclay UniversitySuresnes 92150France Sorbonne University Paris 75013France Department of Urology Hfipital Louis PasteurColmar 68000France Department of Urology Hopital Pitie-SalpetriereAssistance Publique-Hopitaux de ParisSorbonne UniversityParis 75013France Department of Urology Institut Mutualiste MontsourisParis-Descartes UniversityParis 75014France

This study aims to investigate whether clinical and biological preoperative characteristics of patients who were to undergo radical prostatectomy were associated with impairment in patient-reported quality of life(QoL)and erectile dysfunction immediately before *** evaluated patient-reported outcomes among 1019 patients(out of 1343)of the AndroCan study,willing to score the Aging Male Symptom(AMS)and the International Index of Erectile Function 5-item(IIEF-5)*** linear regression and robust multiple regression were used to ascertain the relationship between demographic,clinical,and hormonal parameters and global AMS or IIEF-5 *** a result,most patients(85.1%)of the Androcan cohort agreed to complete *** higher IIEF-5 global scores were found in non-Caucasian and obese patients,with larger waist circumference,metabolic syndrome,diabetes mellitus,cardiovascular disease,hypertension,high blood sugar,concomitant medications,and hypogonadism,while the AMS global score was significantly higher in patients with larger waist circumference,metabolic syndrome,high blood pressure,raised glycemia,and concomitant *** IIEF-5 global score was correlated to age,dehydroepiandrosterone(DHEA),fat mass percentage,and androstenediol(D5).The AMS global score was significantly correlated to DHEA,D5,and DHEA ***,the multivariate models showed that QoL and erectile function were significantly affected,before surgery,by symptoms and signs that are usually considered as pertaining to the metabolic syndrome,while sexual hormones are essentially correlated to erectile dysfunction.

关键词： erectile function metabolic syndrome quality of life radical prostatectomy testosterone