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Journal of Environmental Protection 2022年第6期13卷 427-436页

作者： Effiong Ukorebi etim Mercy Ichiko Ola Rotimi Olawale Owoade Department of Chemistry University of Ibadan Ibadan Oyo State Nigeria

Bioremediation involving bioaugmentation and biostimulation are eco-friendly existing methods for degrading polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in contaminated soils. This study investigates the efficiency of Pseudomonas auriginosa and nutrient-enriched sawdust (SD) in biodegrading ∑PAHs in contaminated soil (CS). Four compost mixtures of CS/SD (1:0, 3:1, 1:1, 1:3) were applied for 2, 4, 6, 8-week bio-cleanup after inoculation. Results show ∑PAHs concentrations decreased with increasing time of treatment for all four compost in experimental and control setups. The removal efficiency of ∑PAHs was clearly associated with nutrient-enriched sawdust and Pseudomonas auriginosa, especially for 3:1, 1:1, and 1:3 ratios. Both factors had a significant effect (p = 0.05) on removal efficiency compared to the control setup. The highest (78.5%) and lowest (37.8%) ∑PAHs removal efficiency were observed for CS/SD ratios of 1:3 and 1:0 respectively after 8-week treatment. In this instance, this study recommends a CS/SD ratio of 1:3 at 8-week treatment to achieve maximum removal efficiency of ∑PAHs in contaminated soils.

关键词： Bioremediation Sawdust Composting Contaminated Soil Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon

Role of nickel on vanadium poisoned FCC catalyst: A study of physiochemical properties

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2016年第4期25卷 667-676页

作者： U.J.etim B.Xu P.Bai Rooh Ullah F.Subhan Z.Yan State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing Petro China Key Laboratory of CatalysisChina University of PetroleumQingdao Department of Chemistry Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan

Active sites of Fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) catalyst are poisoned during operation in the FCC reactor due to causes including feedstock contaminant metals deposition. This leads to activity, selectivity and increasing coking problems, thereby raising concern to the refiner. This work investigated effect of nickel coexisting with vanadium in the FCC feedstock on the standard FCC catalyst during cracking process, in which destruction of active sites occurs as a result of the metals deposition. Laboratory simulated equilibrium catalysts (E-cats) were studied by XRD, FTIR spectroscopy, N-2 adsorption, solid state MAS-NMR, SEM and H-2-TPR. Results revealed that vanadium, above a certain concentration in the catalyst, under hydrothermal conditions, is highly detrimental to the catalyst's structure and activity. Conversely, nickel hardly affects the catalyst structure, but its co-presence in the catalyst reduces destructive effects of vanadium. The mechanism of nickel inhibition of vanadium poisoning of the catalyst is discussed. (C) 2016 Science Press and Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Published by Elsevier B.V. and Science Press. All rights reserved.

关键词： FCC catalyst Contaminant metals Activity Physiochemical properties Mechanism

Dar Zarrouk Parameter as a Tool for Evaluation of Well Locations in Afikpo and Ohaozara, Southeastern Nigeria

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Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2016年第4期8卷 505-521页

作者： Robert Egwu Otu Iduma Tamunoene Kingdom Simeon Abam etim Daniel Uko Groundscan Services Nig. Ltd. Port Harcourt Nigeria Institute of Geosciences and Space technology Rivers State University of Science and Technology Port Harcourt Nigeria Department of Physics Rivers State University of Science and Technology Port Harcourt Nigeria

The inhabitants of this area depend solely on contact springs as supply source of potable water. However, provision of potable water to meet the needs of the people still remains an unsolved problem. Therefore, this paper attempts to solve this problem by using Dar Zarrouk (D-Z) Parameters;Total Transverse Unit Resistance, T (Ωm2) and Total Longitudinal Unit Conductance, S (Ω-1) to suggest optimal locations for drilling of boreholes in the study area. To attain this purpose, 50 Schlumberger Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES) curves with maximum current electrode spacing of AB/2 = 681 m were interpreted. Thus, the aquifer parameters information estimated from the (VES) curves were used to prepare contour maps of T (Ωm2), S (Ω-1), aquifer thickness h (m), aquifer resistivity ρ (Ωm), and Water Table Depth (WTD). For effective use of these parameters, iso-thickness and iso-resistivity maps were compared with contour map of transverse resistance. The good agreement between these parameters provided the basis for identification of prolific aquiferous zones. It was observed that the Southern part of the study area majorly underlain by the Afikpo Sandstone of Nkporo Formation (Campanian-Maastrichtian), relatively showed higher T (Ωm2), h (m), and ρ (Ωm) values, which implies high yield aquiferous zones. The relatively loose structure of this sandstone unit, coarse grains, and sorting enables it to be porous and permeable. The Northern part of the region which shows low values for T (Ωm2), h (m), and ρ (Ωm) suggests low productivity for the aquiferous zones. The paucity of water in this parts of the study area can be explained to be as a result of the dominant geology. The high S, values at the Uburu and Okposi locations in this region suggests the presence of saline aquifer. This study would be relevant to the development of effective ground water scheme and for future hydrogeological investigations in the ar

关键词： Vertical Electrical Sounding Dar Zarrouk Parameters Nkporo Formation Afikpo Sandstone

Dynamics of Mx+ Salts of Fatty Acids Adsorption onto Metallic Ores

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Dynamics of Mx+ Salts of Fatty Acids Adsorption onto Metalli...

Determination of Nutrient Contents in the Leaf Litter of <i>Diospyros crassiflora</i>S. (Hiern-FWTA) Plantation in Okwuta-Ibeku, Umuahia, Abia State, Nigeria

作者： Itodo Adams Udoji Emmanuel Edet etim Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry Indian Institute of Science

Iron ore as possible adsorbent for metallic salts of fatty acid(M-SFA) oils was *** constants from several kinetic models were used to interpret M-SFA *** of diffusion was also *** tests for adopted models favors the Pseudo second order kinetics which presented high R values > of 0.9;high precision or least qcal/qexp values of ratio within 1.0 for the K-SFA, Ca-SFA and Al-SFA *** Pseudo second order equation also gave least values for the three error functions viz: 9.6×10 to 5.4×10, 3.1×10 to 7.4×10 and 4.6×10 to 2.5 ×10 for EABS, SSE and X *** linearity presented by intra-particle diffusion plots is of three distinct stages of linear initial, linear intermediate and linear last *** stages are coupled with the nonpassage of lines through the origin being an indication that other diffusion models such as mass transfer or film diffusion exists and that the intra-particle diffusion is not the only rate factor controlling M-SFA sorption.

关键词： Surfactants ores kinetics diffusion metallic soap adsorption

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Open Journal of Forestry 2022年第1期12卷 162-176页

作者： Bruno Iniobong Nsien Eric etim Offiong Pretty Henry Dan Esther Ewongoabasi Eric Forestry Research Institute of Nigeria Ibadan Nigeria Department of Forestry and Wildlife Resources Management University of Calabar Calabar Nigeria

Determination of nutrient contents in Diospyros crassiflora leaf litter was carried out in the Forestry Research Institute of Nigeria (FRIN), Okwuta-Ibeku, Umuahia, Abia State, Nigeria in 2016 and 2017. Three 1 m × 1 m trays were randomly positioned for collection of leaf litter production from 4/5 years old Diospyros crassiflora species in each block (10 m × 25 m) within the plantation totaling 1.5 ha. A Randomised Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replicates was used to study the mean monthly leaf litterfall of Diospyros crassiflora. Leaf litter was collected from each of the three litter trays per block and placed in paper bags every 28th day of each month from January-December in 2016 and in 2017. Fifteen grammes (15 g) of properly mixed and oven-dried samples of D. crassiflora leaf litter were milled and sieved in 1

Trends in postpartum maternal morbidity in Ikot Ekpene a rural community in Southern Nigeria

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2013年第6期3卷 493-499页

作者： etim Inyang Ekanem Efiok Eyo Efiok Atim Edet Udoh Etop Charles Anaikot Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology General Hospital Ikot Ekpene Ikot Ekpene Akwa Ibom State Nigeria Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology University of Calabar Teaching Hospital Calabar Nigeria

Background: Postpartum maternal morbidity is becoming a major public health concern worldwide due to impact of modern development in feto-maternal medicine and maternal care. Major acute and long term maternal morbidities which may occur during obstetric management affect the life and reproductive career of women. Objective: To assess the trends, risk factors and pattern of postpartum maternal morbidity in Ikot Ekpene a local community in southern Nigeria. Materials and Methods: This was a 4-year prospective cross sectional observational study carried out in the maternity section of General Hospital Ikot Ekpene, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria between 2008 and 2011. Parturients managed in the hospital for postpartum morbidity were recruited for the study. Relevant information was obtained from structured questionnaire administered to the patients and those extracted from other medical records in the course of managing the patients. This was analysed using the SPSS computer statistical package. Result: A total of 5760 women delivered during the period, of which 296 (5.1%) were treated for postpartum morbidity. Most of the patients (46.9%) were between 31 and 40 years old and 68.8% were of low educational background. Half of the deliveries with morbidity were conducted by unskilled attendants. The most common maternal morbidity encountered included primary postpartum haemorrhage (22.2%), genital sepsis (16.1%), and hypertensive disorders (12.8%). Anaemia (12.8%) and malaria (11.1%) were the commonest non obstetrics causes of morbidity. It was relatively more common with delivery attended by untrained personnel. There was significant reduction in morbidity in the last 2 years of this study. Conclusion: The incidence of postpartum morbidity in the Ikot Ekpene is still high with a downward trend over the years. Obstetric haemorrhage, hypertensive disorders, anaemia and genital tract sepsis were the common causes and were commoner with delivery attended by unskilled personnel. I

关键词： Haemorrhage Hypertensive Disorders Maternal Morbidity Postpartum Trends

Microstructure,mechanical and corrosion properties of Mg-Zn-Nd alloy with different accumulative area reduction after room-temperature drawing

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Rare Metals 2021年第4期40卷 897-907页

作者： Ming Gao Zheng Ma Iniobong Petim Li-Li Tan Ke Yang School of Materials Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology of ChinaShenyang 110016China Institute of Metal Research Chinese Academy of SciencesShenyang 110016China

Good mechanical properties and corrosion resistance are the key factors for the application of biodegradable magnesium alloy wires as new medical implant *** study is aimed at investigating the influence of micros true tural evolution on mechanical and corrosion properties of Mg-2 Zn-0.5 Nd alloy(ZN20) during room-temperature *** decreases in the crosssectional area of ZN20 alloy during drawing refined the grains from 10 to 5 μm under the influence of cold deformation,the basal texture was rotated around radius direction,the basal texture became dominant,and the texture transformed from drawing direction(DD)// to a point between and parallel to *** ultimate tensile strength of the wire was increased by 44.7% compared with that of the extruded alloy due to grain boundary strengthening,hard orientation and work hardening during drawing process,while the elongation was decreased by 85% under the influence of work *** corrosion resistance of the alloy was improved after drawing due to grain refinement,while it was sensitive to prismatic texture.

关键词： Magnesium Drawing Texture Corrosion property Mechanical property

Missed Opportunities for Intermittent Preventive Treatment among Pregnant Women, in a Secondary Health Facility, Cross River State, Nigeria

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Journal of Life Sciences 2013年第11期7卷 1147-1158页

作者： Olaide Bamidele Edet Edet etim Edet Patience Edoho Samson-Akpan Idang Neji Ojong Department of Nursing Science College of Medical Sciences University of Calabar Calabar Cross River State 540242 Nigeria Shell Petroleum Development Company Port-Harcourt Rivers State 500102 Nigeria

The study determined the magnitude and contributory factors for missed opportunities for the administration of IPTp （intermittent preventive treatment for malaria prevention）, during pregnancy among pregnant women attending a secondary health facility in Calabar. This study was a descriptive survey. Exit interviews were carried out on all pregnant and post natal women who attended the antenatal clinic of a secondary health facility for two weeks in November 2008. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The mean age of respondents was 27.0 ± 5.4, mean parity was 2.4 ± 1.5, mean clinic attendance 4.9 ± 4.0 while mean gestational age at booking was 18.6± 7.7. The prevalence of missed opportunity among the pregnant women was 59.1% for IPTpl ＆ 56.0% for IPTp2; among pregnant PLWHA （people living with HIV/AIDS）, it was 100% for IPTp3, 70% for IPTp2 ＆ 80.0% for IPTpl. Factors accountable for missed opportunity include non-availability of SP （sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine）, lack of supervision, failure to prescribe medication, late booking and lack of knowledge. More women significantly received IPTp2 compared to IPTpl （P = 0.001）. Discussion： The findings establish the need for making SP available in the ANC （antenatal clinic）, educating health workers about current schedule and procedures for administration and early mobilization of pregnant mothers for ANC.

关键词： IPTp (Intermittent Preventive Treatment during pregnancy) malaria control pregnant women.

Computed Tomography Assessment of Cephalic Index and Sella Turcica Dimensions and Morphology in a Nigerian Population

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Journal of Forensic Science and Medicine 2023年第2期9卷 112-119页

作者： Hyacienth Uche Chiegwu Okon etim Bassey Christopher Chukwuemeka Ohagwu Thomas Adejoh Daniel Dirioha Odunko Department of Radiography and Radiological Sciences Nnamdi Azikiwe UniversityAwkaAnambra StateNigeria Department of Radiography and Radiation Sciences Federal University of TechnologyOwerriImo StateNigeria Radiology Department Federal Medical CentreYenagoaBeyelsa StateNigeria

Cephalic index(CI)is the percentage of biparietal diameter to the occipitofrontal diameter of the skull and can be used in forensic investigations in cases of disputed identity where only fragments of the head/skull are *** sella turcica houses the pituitary gland whose hormones regulate the functions of many other glands and systems of the *** sizes of sella turcica could indicate sella/pituitary pathology with health *** study aimed to assess CI,head shapes and sella turcica dimensions and morphology of the Yoruba tribe of *** objectives are:to relate CI and head shapes with sella turcica dimensions and morphology,to use CI and head shape to identify and distinguish the Yoruba tribe from other tribes,to use CI and head shape to distinguish between ***/head and sella turcica dimensions were measured on 321 retrospectively enlisted normal cranial Computed Tomography(CT)images of Yoruba subjects,mean age 55(SD±17)years,in a Tertiary Hospital in South-West Nigeria between January 2020 and April 2021,and then CI *** was analyzed using IBM SPSS 27(IBM ***,NY,USA,2019).Predominant head shape of the studied group was *** CI was 70.0±3.7 and showed no statistically significant difference between gender(P=0.097).Mean sella length,depth;and anteroposterior diameter was 1.22±0.24 cm,0.80±0.15 cm,1.34±0.25 cm *** sella length and depth showed significant difference between gender(P=0.0001;P=0.032)*** shape has no association with sella dimensions and *** shape and CI may stratify populations in forensic practice and surgical planning.

关键词： Cephalic index Computed Tomography Head shape Sella turcica dimensions and morphology Yoruba tribe of Nigeria

Prevalence of sexually transmitted diseases in pregnant women in Ikot Ekpene, a rural community in Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2012年第1期2卷 49-55页

作者： etim Inyang Ekanem Mbabel Ekott Atim Edet Udo Efiok Eyo Efiok Attah Inyang-Out Department of Microbiology General Hospital Ikot Ekpene Nigeria Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology College of Medical Sciences University of Calabar Calabar Nigeria

Background: Sexually transmitted diseases are associated with adverse consequences in pregnancy and its outcome. However, early detections and effective treatments would prevent the associated complications. Objectives: The main aims of this study are to determine the prevalence of common sexually transmitted diseases and to assess the socio-demographic profile of the women. Subjects and Methods: Samples were collected from 560 pregnant women at the first antenatal visit in the hospital after they were counseled and informed consent obtained. Pre-tested questionnaires were used to assess their socio-economic and demographic characteristics. The samples were subjected to the relevant laboratory tests and analysis. Results: Out of the 562 pregnant women examined, 250 (44.5%) were infected with various etiologic agents. Genital candidasis was the highest infection encountered in 119 (21.1%) women followed by Bacterial vaginosis in 38 (6.8%) and Chalamydiae in 35 (6.2%). Others infections included Hepatitis 8 (1.4%);Trichomonasis 29 (5.2%);Human immunodeficiency virus infection 12 (2.1%), Syphilis 7 (1.2%) and 2 Gonococcal infections respectively. The mean parity of the women with infection was 3 ± 1.4 and majority was asymptomatic (57.1%). The prevalence rate of infection was inversely associated with increasing maternal age and advanced formal educational status. The mean gestational age was 19 weeks ± 4.2 and appeared highest with earlier gestational age. Conclusion: There is high prevalence of sexually transmitted diseases among our pregnant women with most of them being asymptomatic. Screening for and prophylactic treatment of the common treatable infection at booking may reduce the incidence of adverse maternal and perinatal outcome associated with these infections.

关键词： Pregnant Women STDs Diagnosis Maternal Morbidity