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Static dissolution-induced 3D pore network modification and its impact on critical pore attributes of carbonate rocks

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Petroleum Exploration and Development 2019年第2期46卷 374-383页

作者： ANDRIAMIHAJA Spariharijaona padmanabhan eswaran BEN-AWUAH Joel SOKKALINGAM Rajalingam Hydrocarbon Recovery and Technology Group Research and Technology PETRONAS Research Sdn.Bhd. Jalan Ayer Itam Kawasan Institusi Bangi Department of Geosciences Faculty of Petroleum Engineering and Geosciences Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS Department of Applied Geology Faculty of Engineering and Science Curtin University Department of Fundamental and Applied Sciences Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS

To determine the effect of dissolution on pore network development in carbonate rocks, dissolution experiments, X-Ray microtomography, and thin section analysis were conducted on argillaceous limestone and grain limestone samples at different temperatures and constant pH, HCl concentration. The relationship between Ca^(2+) concentration and time was revealed through the experiments; pore size distribution before and after dissolution indicate that there is no correlation between the temperature and pore size variation, but pore size variation in grain limestone is more significant, indicating that the variation is mainly controlled by the heterogeneity of the rock itself(initial porosity and permeability) and the abundance of unstable minerals(related to crystal shape, size and mineral type). At different temperatures, the two kinds of carbonate rocks had very small variation in pore throat radius from 0.003 mm to 0.040 mm, which is 1.3 to 3.5 times more, 1.7 on average of the original pore throat radius. Their pore throat length varied from 0.05 mm to 0.35 mm. The minor changes in the pore throat radius, length and connectivity brought big changes to permeability of up to 1 000×10^(-3) μm^2.

关键词： 3D pore networks carbonate rocks pore structure mudstone grainstone acidizing dissolution, X-Ray micro tomography

马来西亚沙捞越盆地东北部第三系石英表面形态特征--对古沉积环境与储集层质量的指示意义

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石油勘探与开发 2014年第6期41卷 697-704页

作者： Abdullah Musa Ali eswaran padmanabhan 马来西亚国油科技大学地球科学与石油工程学院地球科学系

基于马来西亚沙捞越(Sarawak)盆地Belait组和Lambir组第三系露头样品,分析其石英表面形态,揭示其颗粒表面结构缺陷(源自风化作用和成岩作用)、古沉积环境以及储集层质量之间的相关关系。研究利用岩石薄片进行矿物识别,并观察粒径和结构... 详细信息

基于马来西亚沙捞越(Sarawak)盆地Belait组和Lambir组第三系露头样品,分析其石英表面形态,揭示其颗粒表面结构缺陷(源自风化作用和成岩作用)、古沉积环境以及储集层质量之间的相关关系。研究利用岩石薄片进行矿物识别,并观察粒径和结构;利用扫描电镜对样品的表面形态进行表征,以展现石英颗粒表面结构的变化。Belait组砾岩的扫描电镜图像表明其以自形石英晶体为主,常见机械风化缺陷,例如线性断口、贝壳状断口以及擦痕;而Lambir组砂岩中却常见化学风化特征,例如化学蚀痕、蚀坑、溶解坑以及刻痕。基于岩石学、扫描电镜以及CT扫描图像分析的储集层质量评价结果表明,研究区Belait组为高能海岸沉积,潮控特征明显,Lambir组为浅海—三角洲沉积,浪控特征明显;Belait组和Lambir组的储集层质量较差,但Belait组的孔隙度略高于Lambir组。

关键词：沙捞越盆地石英表面形态扫描电镜微观结构古沉积环境储集层质量

Characterization of lauryl betaine foam in the Hele-Shaw cell at high foam qualities(80%-98%)

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Petroleum Science 2020年第6期17卷 1634-1654页

作者： Asad Hassan Syed Nurudeen Yekeen eswaran padmanabhan Ahmad Kamal Idris Dzeti Farhah Mohshim Department of Petroleum Engineering Faculty of Geoscience and Petroleum Engineering32610 Seri IskandarPerakMalaysia Institute of Hydrocarbon Recovery Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS32610 Bandar Seri IskandarPerakMalaysia

Lauryl betaine(LB)as an amphoteric surfactant carries both positive and negative charges and should be able to generate stable foam through electrostatic interaction with nanoparticles and ***,no previous attempts have been made to investigate the influence of nanoparticles and other co-surfactants on the stability and apparent viscosity of LBstabilized *** this study,a thorough investigation on the influence of silicon dioxide(SiO2)nanoparticles,alpha olefin sulfonate(AOS)and sodium dodecyl sulfate(SDS),on foam stability and apparent viscosity was carried *** experiments were conducted with the 2D Hele-Shaw cell at high foam qualities(80%-98%).Influence of AOS on the interaction between the LB foam and oil was also *** showed that the SiO2-LB foam apparent viscosity decreased with increasing surfactant concentration from 0.1 wt%to 0.3 wt%.0.1 wt%SiO2 was the optimum concentration and increased the 0.1 wt%LB foam stability by 108.65%at 96%foam *** the presence of co-surfactants,the most stable foam,with the highest apparent viscosity,was generated by AOS/LB solution at a ratio of 9:*** emulsified crude oil did not imbibe into AOS-LB foam ***,oil was redirected into the plateau borders where the accumulated oil drops delayed the rate of film thinning,bubble coalescence and coarsening.

关键词： Foam stability Surfactant Nanoparticles Lauryl betaine Foam quality Foam apparent viscosity

生物扰动对砂岩储集层物性的影响--以马来西亚沙捞越巴拉姆三角洲为例

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石油勘探与开发 2015年第2期42卷 200-208页

作者： Ben-Awuah Joel padmanabhan eswaran 马来西亚国油科技大学地球科学与石油工程学院地球科学系

以马来西亚沙捞越巴拉姆三角洲为研究对象,进行取样岩心和薄片分析,结合EDX(能量色散X射线)、FESEM(场发射扫描电镜)、压汞测孔隙度和点状渗透率测量等方法评估生物扰动对储集层孔隙度和渗透率的影响。岩心取自巴拉姆三角洲W-1井和W-6井... 详细信息

以马来西亚沙捞越巴拉姆三角洲为研究对象,进行取样岩心和薄片分析,结合EDX(能量色散X射线)、FESEM(场发射扫描电镜)、压汞测孔隙度和点状渗透率测量等方法评估生物扰动对储集层孔隙度和渗透率的影响。岩心取自巴拉姆三角洲W-1井和W-6井,分析结果显示,W-1井样品主要发育双杯迹潜穴(Diplocraterion),为强烈—剧烈生物扰动,可见沉积物充填,沉积物充填活动将宿主沉积物中的细粒物质(黏土和有机物)混入潜穴充填物和潜穴衬里,降低沉积物的均质性和分选性,导致潜穴中局部区域孔隙度和渗透率降低;W-6井样品主要发育蛇形迹潜穴(Ophiomorpha),为强烈—剧烈生物扰动,黏土和泥质被清除出潜穴充填物和宿主沉积物,聚集于潜穴衬里,潜穴生物的沉积物清除活动导致潜穴内部沉积充填物的分选性变好、孔隙度和渗透率升高。生物扰动对储集层孔隙度和渗透率的影响由潜穴及其充填物和潜穴活动的类型决定。

关键词：巴拉姆三角洲沙捞越盆地生物扰动遗迹构造潜穴岩石非均质性孔隙度渗透率蛇形迹双杯迹

Performance assessment of prefabricated vertical drains in mitigating soil reliquefaction subjected to repeated seismic events using shaking table experiments

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2024年第3期18卷 411-427页

作者： Gowtham padmanabhan Ganesh Kumar SHANMUGAM Department of Earthquake Engineering Indian Institute of Technology RoorkeeUttarakhand 247667India Geotechnical Engineering Division CSIR-Central Building Research Institute Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research(AcSIR)Uttarakhand 247667India

The use of prefabricated vertical drains(PVD)in liquefiable deposits is gaining attention due to enhanced ***,investigations on PVD in mitigating re-liquefaction during repeated shaking events are not *** study performed a series of shaking table experiments on untreated and PVD-treated specimens prepared with 40%and 60%relative *** sinusoidal loading was applied with an incremental peak acceleration of 0.1g,0.2g,0.3g,and 0.4g,at 5 Hz shaking frequency with 40 s *** performance of treated ground was evaluated based on the generation and dissipation of excess pore water pressure(EPWP),induced sand densification,subsidence,and cyclic stress *** addition,the strain accumulated in fresh and exhumed PVD was investigated using geotextile tensile testing apparatus aided with digital image *** evidence of pore pressure was reported up to 0.2g peak acceleration for 40%and 60%relative density *** continuous occurrence of soil densification and drainage medium restrained and delayed the generation of EPWP and expedited the dissipation *** study demonstrates PVD can mitigate re-liquefaction,without suffering from deterioration,when subjected to medium to high intense repeated shaking events.

关键词： prefabricated vertical drains drainage re-liquefaction shaking table digital image correlation

静态条件下碳酸盐岩三维孔隙网络的溶蚀改造及其对孔隙结构的影响

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石油勘探与开发 2019年第2期46卷 361-369页

作者： ANDRIAMIHAJA Spariharijaona padmanabhan eswaran BEN-AWUAH Joel SOKKALINGAM Rajalingam Hydrocarbon Recovery and Technology Group Research and Technology PETRONAS Research Sdn.Bhd. Department of Geosciences Faculty of Petroleum Engineering and Geosciences Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS Department of Applied Geology Faculty of Engineering and Science Curtin University Department of Fundamental and Applied Sciences Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS

为了确定溶蚀对碳酸盐岩孔隙结构的影响,保持pH值和HCl溶液浓度等参数不变,使用泥质灰岩和颗粒灰岩作为研究样品在不同温度下进行了溶蚀实验、X射线微型CT成像、岩石薄片分析实验。研究确定了碳酸盐岩溶蚀释放的Ca^(2+)浓度与时间的关系... 详细信息

为了确定溶蚀对碳酸盐岩孔隙结构的影响,保持pH值和HCl溶液浓度等参数不变,使用泥质灰岩和颗粒灰岩作为研究样品在不同温度下进行了溶蚀实验、X射线微型CT成像、岩石薄片分析实验。研究确定了碳酸盐岩溶蚀释放的Ca^(2+)浓度与时间的关系;溶蚀前后的孔径分布表明温度和孔径变化之间没有相关性,颗粒灰岩中的孔径变化更显著,说明孔径变化主要受岩石本身的物性(初始孔隙度和渗透率)和不稳定矿物的丰度(与晶体形状、大小和矿物类型有关)控制。2种碳酸盐岩在不同温度下的孔喉半径变化量非常小,为0.003～0.040 mm,增加倍数为1.3～3.5,平均为1.7;孔喉长度变化量为0.05～0.35 mm。孔喉半径、长度和连通性的微小变化对渗透率也有很大影响,渗透率变化量高达1 000×10^(-3)μm^2。

关键词：三维孔隙网络碳酸盐岩孔隙结构泥质灰岩颗粒灰岩酸化溶蚀 X射线显微层析

Hepatocellular carcinoma presenting as an extrahepatic mass:A case report and review of literature

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2024年第5期16卷 2241-2252页

作者： Wei Kelly Wu Krutika Patel Chandrasekhar padmanabhan Kamran Idrees Department of Surgery Vanderbilt University Medical CenterNashvilleTN 37232United States Department of Pathology Microbiology and ImmunologyVanderbilt University Medical CenterNashvilleTN 37232United States Division of Surgical Oncology and Endocrine Surgery Department of SurgeryVanderbilt University Medical CenterNashvilleTN 37232United States

BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is a primary liver tumor generally diagnosed based on radiographic *** disease is typically associated with increased tumor diameter,multifocality,and vascular *** report a case of a patient who presented with extrahepatic HCC metastasis to a portocaval lymph node with occult hepatic primary on computed tomography(CT).We review the literature for cases of extrahepatic HCC presentation without known hepatic lesions and discuss strategies to differentiate between metastatic and ectopic *** SUMMARY A 67-year-old male with remotely treated hepatis C was referred for evaluation of an enlarging portocaval,mixed cystic-solid *** CT evaluations demonstrated steatosis,but no cirrhosis or liver *** ultrasound demonstrated a normal-appearing pancreas,biliary tree,and *** needle aspiration yielded atypical *** differential diagnosis included duodenal or pancreatic cyst,lymphoproliferative cyst,stromal or mesenchymal lesions,nodal involvement from gastrointestinal or hematologic malignancy,or duodenal gastrointestinal stromal *** review by a multidisciplinary tumor board,the patient underwent open surgical resection of a 5.2 cm×5.5 cm retroperitoneal mass with pathology consistent with moderately-differentiated *** resonance imaging(MRI)subsequently demonstrated a 1.2 cm segment VIII hepatic lesion with late arterial enhancement,fatty sparing,and intrinsic T1 *** fetoprotein was 23.3 ng/*** patient was diagnosed with HCC with portocaval nodal ***:We surveyed the literature for HCC presenting as extrahepatic masses without history of concurrent or prior intrahepatic *** identified 18 cases of extrahepatic HCC ultimately found to represent metastatic lesions,and 30 cases of extrahepatic HCC found to be primary,ectopic *** Hepatocellular carcinoma can seldomly present with extrahepatic metastasis in the setting of

关键词： Extrahepatic Metastasis Portocaval Lymph node Case report

Nitrosamines crisis in pharmaceuticals - Insights on toxicological implications, root causes and risk assessment: A systematic review (vol 14, 100919, 2024)

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JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL ANALYSIS 2024年第6期14卷 100919页

作者： Vikram, Hemanth P. R. Kumar, Tegginamath Pramod Kumar, Gunjan Beeraka, Narasimha M. Deka, Rajashree Suhail, Sheik Mohammed Jat, Sandeep Bannimath, Namitha padmanabhan, Gayatiri Chandan, Ravandur S. Kumar, Pramod Gurupadayya, Bannimath JSS Acad Higher Educ & Res JSSAHER JSS Coll Pharm Mysuru Dept Pharmaceut Chem Mysuru 570015 India Xenone Healthcare Pvt Ltd New Delhi 110076 India JSS Acad Higher Educ & Res JSSAHER JSS Coll Pharm Mysuru Dept Pharmaceut Mysuru 570015 India Sechenov Univ IM Sechenov First Moscow State Med Univ Dept Human Anat Moscow 119991 Russia Raghavendra Inst Pharmaceut Educ & Res RIPER Dept Pharmacol Ananthapuramu India Indiana Univ Sch Med Herman B Wells Ctr Pediat Res Dept Pediat Indianapolis IN 46202 USA Gauhati Univ Dept Zool Anim Physiol & Biochem Lab Gauhati 781014 India JSS Acad Higher Educ & Res JSSAHER JSS Coll Pharm Mysuru Dept Pharmacol Mysuru 570015 India Natl Inst Pharmaceut Educ & Res NIPER Guwahati Dept Pharmaceut Anal Changsari 781101 India Univ Galway Dept Pharmacol Galway H91 YR71 Ireland

The presence of N -nitroso compounds, particularly N -nitrosamines, in pharmaceutical products has raised global safety concerns due to their significant genotoxic and mutagenic effects. This systematic review investigates their toxicity in active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs), drug products, and pharmaceutical excipients, along with novel analytical strategies for detection, root cause analysis, reformulation strategies, and regulatory guidelines for nitrosamines. This review emphasizes the molecular toxicity of N -nitroso compounds, focusing on genotoxic, mutagenic, carcinogenic, and other physiological effects. Additionally, it addresses the ongoing nitrosamine crisis, the development of nitrosamine-free products, and the importance of sensitive detection methods and precise risk evaluation. This comprehensive overview will aid molecular biologists, analytical scientists, formulation scientists in research and development sector, and researchers involved in management of nitrosamine-induced toxicity and promoting safer pharmaceutical products.

关键词： Carcinogenicity Genotoxicity Mutagenicity Molecular toxicity Nitrosamine impurities Nitrosamine drug substance-related impurities

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水果之王——芒果

中学生英语 2024年第9期 22-25页

作者： Chitra padmanabhan 李明娟

It is a tree that is green at all times of the *** it bears1fruit in the height of *** hotter it is,the sweeter it ***,it seems we humans cannot have enough of this delicious fruit,for there are almost 1,000 kinds of this"king of fruits"around the world to please2 our tongues and eyes.这是一种一年四季都是绿色的树。但它在盛夏结果实。天气越热,果实越甜。而且我们人类似乎吃不腻这种美味的水果,因为全世界有将近1000个品种的“水果之王”来取悦我们的舌头和眼睛。

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