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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2020年第11期10卷 479-489页

作者： esther O.Aimofumeh Godswill N.Anyasor Ijeoma Esiaba Department of Biochemistry Benjamin S. Carson (Snr.) School of Medicine Babcock University Ilishan-Remo Ogun State Nigeria

Objective: To investigate the effect of Justicia secunda Vahl leaf fraction against acetaminophen-induced oxidative damage in the liver of ***: In vitro antioxidant assays were performed on Justicia secunda leaf fractions. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analytical method was done. Experimental animals were orally administered with 2 g/kg ***. acetaminophen, 100-500 mg/kg ***. Justicia secunda ethyl acetate leaf fraction(JSELF), and 100 mg/kg ***. silymarin. Blood and liver were collected to measure hepatic, oxidative stress, and membrane-bound phosphatase markers. Results: JSELF had significantly(P<0.05) high total antioxidant capacity and inhibition of lipid peroxidation. JSELF-treated animals had reduced plasma hepatic enzymes, serum C-reactive protein, and oxidized low-density lipoprotein while hepatic superoxide dismutase, catalase, and reduced glutathione levels were elevated compared with untreated control. Membrane-bound phosphatase activities were improved in JSELF-treated animals. GC-MS detected tentatively 7 antioxidants and 4 hepatoprotective ***: JSELF could protect against oxidative stress and improve membrane-bound phosphatase activity in rats with acetaminophen-induced hepatic damage.

关键词： damage Blood peroxidation

Assessment of ERA5 and ERA-Interim in Reproducing Mean and Extreme Climates over West Africa

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2023年第4期40卷 570-586页

作者： Imoleayo Ezekiel GBODE Toju esther BABALOLA Gulilat Tefera DIRO Joseph Daniel INTSIFUL Department of Meteorology and Climate Science Federal University of Technology AkureP.M.B.704 Ilesa-Owo ExpresswayAkureOndo State 340420Nigeria Department of Water Resources Management and Agro-Meteorology Federal University Oye-Ekiti371104Nigeria Canadian Network for Regional Climate and Weather Processes University of Quebec at Montreal201 President-Kennedy AvenueMontrealQC H2X 3Y7Canada Division of Mitigation and Adaptation Green Climate FundIncheon 22004South Korea

In situ data in West Africa are scarce,and reanalysis datasets could be an alternative source to alleviate the problem of data ***,because of uncertainties in numerical prediction models and assimilation methods,among other things,existing reanalysis datasets can perform with various degrees of quality and ***,a proper assessment of their shortcomings and strengths should be performed prior to their *** this study,we examine the performance of ERA5 and ERA-interim(ERAI)products in representing the mean and extreme climates over West Africa for the period 1981-2018 using observations from CRU and *** major conclusion is that ERA5 showed a considerable decrease in precipitation and temperature biases and an improved representation of inter-annual variability in much of western ***,the annual cycle is better captured by ERA5 in three of the region’s climatic zones;specifically,precipitation is well-reproduced in the Savannah and Guinea Coast,and temperature in the *** terms of extremes,the ERA5 performance is ***,both reanalyses underestimate the intensity and frequency of heavy precipitations and overestimate the number of wet days,as the numerical models used in reanalyses tend to produce drizzle more *** ERA5 performs better than ERAI,both datasets are less successful in capturing the observed long-term *** ERA5 has achieved considerable progress compared to its predecessor,improved datasets with better resolution and accuracy continue to be needed in sectors like agriculture and water resources to enable climate impact assessment.

关键词： West Africa ERAI ERA5 reanalysis precipitation temperature extremes

Development of Novel Graphitic Carbon Nitride Based Catalysts for Enhanced Photocatalytic Activity

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Development of Novel Graphitic Carbon Nitride Based Catalyst...

作者： esther CHIOMA OKOROAFOR 江苏大学

学位级别：硕士

目前,光催化是环境修复和可持续能源领域最清洁的技术之一。多相光催化是指催化剂通过吸收光来促进光催化剂与反应物发生反应的过程。在这个过程中半导体催化剂被光源中的光子能量激活,从而发生电子跃迁来实现氧化还原反应。目前,光催... 详细信息

目前,光催化是环境修复和可持续能源领域最清洁的技术之一。多相光催化是指催化剂通过吸收光来促进光催化剂与反应物发生反应的过程。在这个过程中半导体催化剂被光源中的光子能量激活,从而发生电子跃迁来实现氧化还原反应。目前,光催化应用的领域主要包括光催化降解染料和光催化析氢等。石墨化氮化碳(g-CN)是一种常用的光催化剂,被广泛用于光催化染料降解和析氢。然而,由于纯g-CN具有光生电子-空穴复合速率快、光吸收低等缺点,研究和开发g-CN基复合型光催化剂则可以有效改善纯g-CN载流子复合速率快和光吸收低的问题。因此,本论文旨在以地球资源丰富的原料合成g-CN,并研究和开发具有光催化效率高、光生电子-空穴复合速率慢的g-CN基复合光催化剂。主要工作包括:构建零维/二维(0D/2D)三氧化钨/石墨化氮化碳(WO/g-CN)Z型异质结光催化剂。近几十年来,g-CN作为一种很有前途的无金属催化剂,在光催化降解染料污染物方面得到了广泛的研究。本文报道了一种0D/2D WO/g-CN Z型异质结的简单制备工艺。通过观察WO/g-CN复合光催化剂在可见光照射下对罗丹明B(Rh B)和有毒工业染料污染物苯酚的降解效率,评价了它们的光催化性能。结果表明,与纯g-CN(25.25 mg)相比,1%WO/g-CN(41.14 mg)的比表面积提升了将近2倍。WO/g-CN对Rh B和苯酚的降解效率分别在15 min和30 min达到96%和98.5%。X射线光电子能谱(XPS)结果证实了内电场的存在。光催化活性增强的原因是WO纳米颗粒均匀分布在g-CN纳米片上,形成紧密的界面和匹配的带隙结构,构建了Z型异质结,提高电子-空穴分离效率的同时保持了较强的光催化氧化还原能力。在本论文的第三章,我们报道了磷化镍(NiP)纳米颗粒负载二维g-CN纳米片以促进光催化析氢。将无贵金属助催化剂NiP通过磷化法制备到g-CN纳米片上,形成了NiP/g-CN复合光催化剂,为加速光生载流子分离提供了有效的转移途径。优化后的NiP/g-CN复合光催化剂的光催化析氢活性达30.9 mmol g,比纯g-CN高约25倍。NiP纳米粒子作为助催化剂,具有良好的光电性能使g-CN产生的光生电子能够有效地移动到NiP表面,极大地抑制了电子-空穴对的重组,提升了光催化活性。通过上述研究,进一步分析了利用非贵金属和助催化剂来构建g-CN基复合光催化剂,并探究了g-CN降解染料和制氢活性的光催化机理。本文也同时介绍了利用光催化改善环境和产生清洁能源的有利因素。

关键词：石墨相氮化碳 Z型异质结助催化剂光催化降解光催化产氢

Research on the Impact of International Trade on Economic Growth in the Democratic Republic of Congo

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Research on the Impact of International Trade on Economic Gr...

作者： Mwange Sagali esther 浙江科技学院

学位级别：硕士

国际贸易对国家经济增长有着重要的影响,本论文以2001-2020年数据为基础分析刚果民主共和国国际贸易和经济增长指标的关键变量和组成部分,例如国内生产总值、进口、出口、外国直接投资(FDI)、汇率等。采用自回归分布滞后(ARDL)方法发现... 详细信息

国际贸易对国家经济增长有着重要的影响,本论文以2001-2020年数据为基础分析刚果民主共和国国际贸易和经济增长指标的关键变量和组成部分,例如国内生产总值、进口、出口、外国直接投资(FDI)、汇率等。采用自回归分布滞后(ARDL)方法发现国际贸易(出口和进口)从长期来看促进了刚果民主共和国的经济增长,但在短期内阻碍了发展。资本存量、人口增长和通货膨胀都被发现在短期和长期内对GDP(经济增长)产生积极影响。相比之下,外国直接投资被发现对GDP增长产生负面影响。通过数据研究,本论文认为需将外国资金直接流入到刚果民主共和国的初级部门(农业)和工业部门,而不是矿产开采和其他服务部门。政府应加强当地生产企业在出口前为原材料增值。此外,应鼓励国内消费者光顾本地制造的商品和服务。这可以通过组织农村贸易展览会和展览来实现,将刚果民主共和国制造的商品带到千家万户。

关键词：国际贸易经济增长贸易开放度 GDP 刚果民主共和国

Understanding and managing the morphology of branches incising into sand-clay deposits in the Dutch Rhine Delta

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2013年第2期28卷 127-138页

作者： Kees SLOFF(C.J.) Ary VAN SPIJK esther STOUTHAMER Arjan SIEBEN Deltares and Delft University of Technology PO Box 1772600MH Delftthe Netherlands Assis.Prof. Water management Rijkswaterstaat Zuid HollandPO Box 5563000 AN Rotterdamthe Netherlands Senior Advisor Utrecht University Faculty of GeosciencesPO Box 801153508 TCUtrechtthe Netherlands AssisProf. Water management Rijkswaterstaat Center for Water ManagementPO Box 178200 AA Lelystadthe Netherlands Senior Advisor

In the Rhine-Meuse delta in the south-western part of the Netherlands,the morphology of the river branches is highly dependent on the erodibility of the *** processes that were initiated after closure of the Haringvliet estuary branch by a dam(in 1970),caused a strong incision of several connecting *** to the geological evolution of this area the lithology of the subsoil shows large variations in highly erodible sand and poorly erodible peat and clay *** study shows how the geological information can be used to create 3D maps of the erodibility of the sub-soil, and how this information can be used to schematize the sub-soil in computational models for morphological *** incisement of sand patches between areas with poorly erodible bed causes deep scour holes,hence increasing the risk on river-bank instability(flow slides) and damage to constructions such as groynes,quays,tunnels, and *** types of mathematical models,ranging from 1D(SOBEK) to quasi-3D(Delft3D) have been applied to study the future development of the river bed and possible management *** results of these approaches demonstrate that models require inclusion of a layer-bookkeeping approach for sub-soil schematization, non-uniform sediment fractions(sand-mud),tidal and river-discharge boundary conditions,and capacity-reduction transport *** risk-reducing river management it has been shown how the development of the river bed can be addressed on a large scale and small *** instance,the use of sediment feeding and fixation of bed can be proposed for large-scale management,while monitoring and interventions at initiation of erosion can be proposed as response to small-scale developments that exceed predefined intervention levels.

关键词： River morphological modeling River-bed erodibility River management Erosion Bed stratigraphy Bank and dike stability Mathematical model

INF-γ and IL-2 Profile as Therapeutic Markers in Tuberculosis Patients at the Jamot Hospital of Yaounde-Cameroon

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Journal of Tuberculosis Research 2024年第2期12卷 119-128页

作者： Alexandra Emmanuelle Membangbi Jacky Njiki-Bikoï esther Del-Florence Moni Ndedi Donatien Serge Mbaga Elsa Nguiffo Makue André Chris Mikangue Mbongue Koko-Ta Ladiff Sharonne Martha Mesembe Justin Olivier Essindi Aïcha Ngoutane Arnaud Franck Elang Sabine Aimée Touangnou-Chamda George Ikomey Mondinde Eric Walter Perfura-Yone Marie Joseph Nkodo Mindimi Sara Honorine Riwom Essama Department of Microbiology The University of Yaound 1 Yaound Cameroon Center for the Study and Control of Communicable Diseases (CSCCD) Yaound Cameroon The Institute for Medical Research and Medicinal Plants Studies Yaound Cameroon Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences The University of Yaound I Yaound Cameroon The Pneumology Department Jamot Hospital of Yaound Yaound Cameroon

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the top lethal infectious diseases worldwide. In recent years, interferon-γ (INF-γ) release assays (IGRAs) have been established as routine tests for diagnosing TB infection. However, produced INF-γ assessment cannot permit to distinguish active ATB from latent TB infection (LTBI), especially in TB epidemic areas. In addition to IFN-γ, interleukin-2 (IL-2), secreted by activated T cells, is involved in immune response against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. This could be involved in the follow up of treatment response. The aim of our study was to determine IFN-γ and IL2 cytokines profiles of patients under antituberculosis treatment. Materials and Methods: A six months’ cross-sectional study was conducted at the Jamot Hospital of Yaoundé, from May to August 2021. Sociodemographic and clinical data as well as 5 mL of blood were collected from each participant. INF-γ and IL-2 were determined using indirect Enzyme linked Immuno-Sorbent Assay (ELISA) according to the manufacturer’s recommendations and spectrum exam in combination with radiography and GeneXpert were used as standard. P-values Results: The results showed that men were more infected 14/61 (31.8%) with a high presence in active and resistant TB groups. The mean age was 41.3 ± 13.1 years with a 95% CI = [38.2 - 44.7], the age group with the highest infection rate was ranged between 31 and 40 years. The IL-2 and INF-γ means were respectively 327.6 ± 160.6 pg/mL and 26.6 ± 13.0 pg/mL in ATB patients, 251.1 ± 30.9 pg/mL and 21.4 ± 9.2 pg/mL in patients with resistant tuberculosis, while it was 149.3 ± 93.3 pg/mL and 17.9 ± 9.4 pg/mL in cured patients, 15.1 ± 8.4 pg/mL and 5.3 ± 2.6 pg/mL in participants presumed healthy (p γ and IL-2rates were observed between the different groups. Conclusion: Monitoring the serum levels of INF-γ and IL-2 would be useful for the follow-up of anti-tuberculosis patients, particularly in the both cytokines association case.

关键词： Tuberculosis Antituberculosis Treatment INF-γ IL-2 ELISA

Pregnancy Preferences in Females of Reproductive Age with Sickle Cell Disease at Laquintinie Hospital: A Cross-Sectional Analysis

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2024年第5期14卷 744-757页

作者： Eposse Ekoube Charlotte Jeannette Disso Massako Mangala Fulbert Nkwele Mandeng Ma Linwa Edgar Puepi Djike Yolande Merlin Boten Bounyom Erero F. Njiengwe Épée Patricia Hassanatou Iyawa Dora Mbonjo Bitsie Emmanuel Heles Nsang Soumaiyatou Abba Ngo Linwa esther Eleonore Ndolo Kondo Astrid Grâce Tocki Toutou Moustapha Bilkissou Essome Henri Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Douala Douala Cameroon Paediatric Unit Douala Laquintinie Hospital Douala Cameroon Faculty of Health Sciences University of Bamenda Bamenda Cameroon

Introduction: Females with sickle cell disease (SCD), despite having a delayed pubertal development, are subject to many worries relating to their abilities to conceive, their capacity to maintain a maternofetal-risk-free pregnancy till term and give birth to healthy children without sickle cell disease. Knowing that unplanned pregnancies are more likely to increase maternofetal morbidity and mortality, we sought out to explore the pregnancy preferences in female patients with sickle cell disease to promote healthy conception and childbirth in this vulnerable population. Methodology: We conducted a cross-sectional study involving female patients of child-bearing age with sickle cell disease followed at Laquintinie Hospital Douala or who were members of a local sickle cell association. Pregnancy preferences were determined using the Desire to Avoid Pregnancy (DAP) scale. Factors associated with pregnancy preferences were determined using multivariable linear regression model. Threshold for significance was set at p Results: Seventy-seven patients were included with a mean age of 24.71 ± 5.53 years. Forty patients (51.95%) had one sexual partner and thirteen women (32.5%) used contraceptive methods. Most patients (46.0%) responded “Strongly Agree” or “Agree” to the statement “it would be a good thing for me if I became pregnant in the next 3 months”. The mean DAP score was 1.63 ± 0.91 [1.28 ± 0.82 in those who had a sexual partner and 1.99 ± 0.86 in those who had no sexual partner]. Factors that were positively associated with DAP score were students (b = 0.32, 95% CI [0.21, 0.95], p = 0.003), monthly income ≥ 100,000 FCFA (b = 0.24, 95% CI [0.07, 0.81], p = 0.022), and not having a sexual partner (b = 0.26, 95% CI [0.11, 0.85], p = 0.012). Conclusion: Most female patients with SCD have a low desire to avoid pregnancy. This is especially true for patients who are not students, have a partner and have a low monthly income.

关键词： Pregnancy Preferences Sickle Cell Disease Laquintinie Hospital Cameroun

A novel surface mesh deformation method for handling wing-fuselage intersections

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2017年第1期30卷 264-273页

作者： Mario Jaime Martin-Burgos Daniel González-Juárez esther Andrés-Pérez Fluid Dynamics Branch National Institute for Aerospace Technology (INTA) Ctra. De Ajalvir km. 4.5 28850 Torrejon de Ardoz Spain Engineering Department lngenieria de Sistemas para la Defensa de Espana (ISDEFE-INTA) Ctra. De Ajalvir km. 4.5 28850 Torrejon de Ardoz Spain Technical University of Madrid (UPM) Ronda de Valencia 3 28012 Madrid Spain

This paper describes a method for mesh adaptation in the presence of intersections, such as wing-fuselage. Automatic optimization tools, using Computational Fluid Dynamics（CFD） simulations, face the problem to adapt the computational grid upon deformations of the boundary surface. When mesh regeneration is not feasible, due to the high cost to build up the computational grid, mesh deformation techniques are considered a cheap approach to adapt the mesh to changes on the geometry. Mesh adaptation is a well-known subject in the literature; however, there is very little work which deals with moving intersections. Without a proper treatment of the intersections,the use of automatic optimization methods for aircraft design is limited to individual *** proposed method takes advantage of the CAD description, which usually comes in the form of Non-Uniform Rational B-Splines（NURBS） patches. This paper describes an algorithm to recalculate the intersection line between two parametric surfaces. Then, the surface mesh is adapted to the moving intersection in parametric coordinates. Finally, the deformation is propagated through the volumetric mesh. The proposed method is tested with the DLR F6 wing-body configuration.

关键词： Aerodynamic shape optimization Computational fluid dynamics Computer-assisted design Geometry parameterizationMesh deformation Non-Uniform Rational B-Splines

Trade-offs between ecosystem service provision and the predisposition to disturbances: a NFI-based scenario analysis

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Forest Ecosystems 2020年第3期7卷 349-365页

作者： Christian Temperli Clemens Blattert Golo Stadelmann Urs-Beat Brändli esther Thürig Swiss Federal Institute for Forest Snow and Landscape Research WSL8903BirmensdorfSwitzerland University of Jyväskylä FI-40014JyväskyläFinland

Background: Scenario analyses that evaluate management effects on the long-term provision and sustainability of forest ecosystem services and biodiversity(ESB) also need to account for disturbances. The objectives of this study were to reveal potential trade-offs and synergies between ESB provision and disturbance predisposition at the scale of a whole ***: The empirical scenario model MASSIMO was used to simulate forest development and management from years 2016 to 2106 on 5086 sample plots of the Swiss National Forest Inventory(NFI). We included a businessas-usual(BAU) scenario and four scenarios of increased timber harvesting. Model output was evaluated with indicators for 1) ESB provision including a) timber production, b) old-growth forest characteristics as biodiversity proxies and c) protection against rockfall and avalanches and 2) for a) storm and b) bark beetle ***: The predisposition indicators corresponded well(AUC: 0.71–0.86) to storm and insect(mostly bark beetle)damage observations in logistic regression models. Increased timber production was generally accompanied with decreased predisposition(storm: >-11%, beetle: >-37%, depending on region and scenario), except for a scenario that promoted conifers where beetle predisposition increased(e.g. + 61% in the Southern Alps). Decreased disturbance predisposition and decreases in old-growth forest indicators in scenarios of increased timber production revealed a trade-off situation. In contrast, growing stock increased under BAU management along with a reduction in conifer proportions, resulting in a reduction of beetle predisposition that in turn was accompanied by increasing old-growth forest indicators. Disturbance predisposition was elevated in NFI plots with high avalanche and rockfall protection ***: By evaluating ESB and disturbance predisposition based on single-tree data at a national scale we bridged a gap between detailed, stand-scale assessments and

关键词： Disturbance Ecosystem services Empirical model Forest inventory Scenario analysis

Pre-recorded instructional audio vs. dispatchers' conversational assistance in telephone cardiopulmonary resuscitation: A randomized controlled simulation study

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World Journal of Emergency Medicine 2018年第3期9卷 165-171页

作者： Alexei Birkun Maksim Glotov Herman Franklin Ndjamen esther Alaiyex esther Alaiye Temidara Adeleke Sergey Samarin Department of Anaesthesiology Resuscitation and Emergency MedicineMedical Academy named after S.I.Georgievsky of V.I.Vernadsky Crimean Federal University

BACKGROUND:To assess the effectiveness of the telephone chest-compression-only cardiopulmonary resuscitation(CPR)guided by a pre-recorded instructional audio when compared with dispatcher-assisted ***:It was a prospective,blind,randomised controlled study involving 109 medical students without previous CPR *** a standardized mannequin scenario,after the step of dispatcher-assisted cardiac arrest recognition,the participants performed compression-only resuscitation guided over the telephone by either:(1)the pre-recorded instructional audio(n=57);or(2)verbal dispatcher assistance(n=52).The simulation video records were reviewed to assess the CPR performance using a 13-item *** interval from call reception to the first compression,total number and rate of compressions,total number and duration of pauses after the first compression were also ***:There were no significant differences between the recording-assisted and dispatcher-assisted groups based on the overall performance score(5.6±2.2 vs.5.1±1.9,P>0.05)or individual criteria of the CPR performance *** recording-assisted group demonstrated provided(170.2±48.0 vs.156.2±60.7).CONCLUSION:When provided by untrained persons in the simulated settings,the compression-only resuscitation guided by the pre-recorded instructional audio is no less efficient than dispatcher-assisted *** studies are warranted to further assess feasibility of using instructional audio aid as a potential alternative to dispatcher assistance.

关键词： Cardiopulmonary resuscitation Cardiac arrest Dispatcher Telephone CPR Audio instructions Instructional aid