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INF-γ and IL-2 Profile as Therapeutic Markers in Tuberculosis Patients at the Jamot Hospital of Yaounde-Cameroon

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Journal of Tuberculosis Research 2024年第2期12卷 119-128页

作者： Alexandra Emmanuelle Membangbi Jacky Njiki-Bikoï esther Del-Florence Moni Ndedi Donatien Serge Mbaga Elsa Nguiffo Makue André Chris Mikangue Mbongue Koko-Ta Ladiff Sharonne Martha Mesembe Justin Olivier Essindi Aïcha.Ngoutane Arnaud Franck Elang Sabine Aimée Touangnou-cha.da George Ikomey Mondinde Eric wa.ter Perfura-Yone Marie Joseph Nkodo Mindimi Sara Honorine Riwom Essama Department of Microbiology The University of Yaound 1 Yaound Cameroon Center for the Study and Control of Communicable Diseases (CSCCD) Yaound Cameroon The Institute for Medical Research and Medicinal Plants Studies Yaound Cameroon Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences The University of Yaound I Yaound Cameroon The Pneumology Department Jamot Hospital of Yaound Yaound Cameroon

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the top lethal infectious diseases worldwide. In recent years, interferon-γ (INF-γ) release assays (IGRAs) have been established as routine tests for diagnosing TB infection. However, produced INF-γ assessment cannot permit to distinguish active ATB from latent TB infection (LTBI), especially in TB epidemic areas. In addition to IFN-γ, interleukin-2 (IL-2), secreted by activated T cells, is involved in immune response against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. This could be involved in the follow up of treatment response. The aim of our study wa. to determine IFN-γ and IL2 cytokines profiles of patients under antituberculosis treatment. Materials and Methods: A six months’ cross-sectional study wa. conducted at the Jamot Hospital of Yaoundé, from May to August 2021. Sociodemographic and clinical data as well as 5 mL of blood were collected from each participant. INF-γ and IL-2 were determined using indirect Enzyme linked Immuno-Sorbent Assay (ELISA) according to the manufacturer’s recommendations and spectrum exam in combination with radiography and GeneXpert were used as standard. P-values Results: The results showed that men were more infected 14/61 (31.8%) with a high presence in active and resistant TB groups. The mean age wa. 41.3 ± 13.1 years with a 95% CI = [38.2 - 44.7], the age group with the highest infection rate wa. ranged between 31 and 40 years. The IL-2 and INF-γ means were respectively 327.6 ± 160.6 pg/mL and 26.6 ± 13.0 pg/mL in ATB patients, 251.1 ± 30.9 pg/mL and 21.4 ± 9.2 pg/mL in patients with resistant tuberculosis, while it wa. 149.3 ± 93.3 pg/mL and 17.9 ± 9.4 pg/mL in cured patients, 15.1 ± 8.4 pg/mL and 5.3 ± 2.6 pg/mL in participants presumed healthy (p γ and IL-2rates were observed between the different groups. Conclusion: Monitoring the serum levels of INF-γ and IL-2 would be useful for the follow-up of anti-tuberculosis patients, particularly in the both cytokines association case.

关键词： Tuberculosis Antituberculosis Treatment INF-γ IL-2 ELISA

Genetic resources and precise gene editing for targeted improvement of barley abiotic stress tolerance

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology) 2023年第12期24卷 1069-1092页

作者： Sakura KARUNARATHNE esther wa.KER Darshan SHARMA Chengdao LI Yong HAN Western Crop Genetics Alliance College of ScienceHealthEngineering and EducationMurdoch UniversityMurdochWA6150Australia Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development South PerthWA6151Australia

Abiotic stresses, predominately drought, heat, salinity, cold, and wa.erlogging, adversely affect cereal crops. They limit barley production worldwide and cause huge economic losses. In barley, functional genes under various stresses have been identified over the years and genetic improvement to stress tolerance has taken a new turn with the introduction of modern geneediting platforms. In particular, clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats(CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein 9(Cas9) is a robust and versatile tool for precise mutation creation and trait improvement. In this review, we highlight the stress-affected regions and the corresponding economic losses among the main barley producers. We collate about 150 key genes associated with stress tolerance and combine them into a single physical map for potential breeding practices. We also overview the applications of precise base editing, prime editing, and multiplexing technologies for targeted trait modification, and discuss current cha.lenges including high-throughput mutant genotyping and genotype dependency in genetic transformation to promote commercial breeding. The listed genes counteract key stresses such as drought, salinity, and nutrient deficiency, and the potential application of the respective gene-editing technologies will provide insight into barley improvement for climate resilience.

关键词： Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats(CRISPR) Gene function Drought Genetic improvement Transcription regulation Breeding

Deep eutectic solvent-based polymer electrolyte for solid-state lithium metal batteries

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2022年第7期31卷 363-372,I0010页

作者： Panpan Dong Xiahui Zhang Kee Sung Han Younghwa. cha.Min-Kyu Song School of Mecha.ical and Materials Engineering Washington State UniversityWA 99164United States Materials Sciences Pacific Northwest National LaboratoryWA 99352United States

Poly(ethylene) oxide(PEO)-based electrolytes have been widely studied for solid-state lithium batteries while their ionic conductivity and lithium-ion transference number still need to be further ***, using the combined experimental and theoretical approach, we demonstrate a novel, solidstate PEO-deep eutectic solvent(DES) electrolyte for the first time. We found that the in situ formation of DES can reduce the crystallinity of PEO matrix and more Li+ions can move freely owing to the weakened coordination between ether oxygens and Li-ions. Besides, we show that more Li+ions can be dissociated from Li salts in PEO-DES electrolyte using the molecular dynamics simulations. Such liquid-free PEO-DES electrolytes showed good ionic conductivity(2.1 × 10^(-4) S cm^(-1)) which is 160% higher than that of conventional PEO-Li TFSI(8.1 × 10^(-5) S cm^(-1)) electrolyte at 60 ℃. Additionally, the PEO-DES electrolyte showed 136% increase of Li-ion transference number(0.33) compared with ionic liquid-doped PEO-Li TFSI(0.14) at 60 ℃. Moreover, the PEO-DES exhibited good compatibility with Li metal and stable Li plating/stripping behavior with little morphology cha.ge of Li metal. This research also provides new insights into the enhancement mecha.isms of novel polymer electrolytes, improving our fundamental understanding of critical cha.lenges that have impeded the adoption of solid-state lithium metal batteries.

关键词： Deep eutectic solvent Li metal batteries PEO Solid-state electrolytes Li plating/stripping

Multifunctional SnO2/3D graphene hybrid materials for sodium-ion and lithium-ion batteries with excellent rate capability and long cycle life

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Nano Research 2017年第12期10卷 4398-4414页

作者： Jung-ln Lee Junhua Song Younghwa. cha.Shaofang Fu Chengzhou Zhu Xiaolin Li Yuehe Lin Min-Kyu Song School of Mecha.ical and Materials Engineering Washington State University Pullman WA 99164 USA Energy & Environment Directorate Pacific North west National Laboratory Richland WA 99352 USA Pacific Northwest National Laboratory Richland WA 99352 USA

SnO2 is a promising material for both Li-ion and Na-ion batteries owing to its high theoretical capacities. Unfortunately, the electrochemical performance of SnO2 is unsatisfactory because of the large volume cha.ge that occurs during cycling, low electronic conductivity of inactive oxide matrix, and poor kinetics, which are particularly severe in Na-ion batteries. Herein, ultra-fine SnO2 nanocrystals anchored on a unique three-dimensional （3D） porous reduced graphene oxide （rGO） matrix are described as promising bifunctional electrodes for Li-ion and Na-ion batteries with excellent rate capability and long cycle life. Ultra-fine SnO2 nanocrystals of size -6 nm are well-coordinated to the graphene sheets that comprise the 3D macro-porous structure. Notably, superior rate capability wa. obtained up to 3 C （1In C is a measure of the rate that allows the cell to be cha.ged/discha.ged in n h） for both batteries. In situ X-ray diffractometry measurements during lithiation （or sodiation） and delithiation （or desodiation） were combined with various electrochemical techniques to reveal the real-time phase evolution. This critical information wa. linked with the internal resistance, ion diffusivity （DLi＋ and DNa＋）, and the unique structure of the composite electrode materials to explain their excellent electrochemical performance. The improved capacity and superior rate capabilities demonstrated in this work can be ascribed to the enhanced transport kinetics of both electrons and ions within the electrode structure because of the well-interconnected, 3D macro-porous rGO matrix. The porous rGO matrix appears to play a more important role in sodium-ion batteries （SIBs）, where the larger mass/radius of Na-ions are marked concerns.

关键词： sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) SnO2 three-dimensional (3D)graphene hybrid materials

Aframomum melegueta prevents the ejaculatory complications of propylthiouracil-induced hypothyroidism in sexually experienced male rats: Evidence from intravaginal and fictive ejaculations

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2019年第5期17卷 359-365页

作者： Francois Xavier Kemka Nguimatio Patrick Brice Deeh Defo Modeste wa.keu-Nya esther Ngadjui Albert Kamanyi Pierre Kamtchouing Pierre wa.cho Animal Physiology and Phytopharmacology Laboratory University of DschangP.O. Box 67DschangCameroon Department of Animal Organisms Biology University of DoualaP.O. Box24157 DoualaCameroon Department of Animal Biology and Physiology University of Yaounde 1P.O. Box 812YaoundeCameroon

Objective: Hypothyroidism has been claimed to generate sexual dysfunctions such as ejaculatory disorders. Aframomum melegueta is an aphrodisiac plant with pro-ejaculatory properties. We investigated the protective effects of aqueous extract(AE) and methanolic extract(ME) of A. melegueta on the ejaculatory function of hypothyroid male ***: Forty sexually experienced male rats were partitioned into 8 groups(5 rats per group) and treated for 28 d as follows: Group 1, Control;Group 2, propylthiouracil(PTU, 10 mg/kg)+ distilled wa.er(DW,10 m L/kg);Group 3, PTU + 5% Tween 80(10 m L/kg);Group 4, PTU + bromocriptine(6 mg/kg);Group 5,PTU + AE(20 mg/kg);Group 6, PTU + AE(100 mg/kg);Group 7, PTU + ME(20 mg/kg), and Group 8,PTU + ME(100 mg/kg). On days 0, 7, 14 and 28 of treatment, each male rat wa. paired with primed receptive female for measurement of ejaculatory latency time(ELT) and post-ejaculatory interval(PEI) for1.5 h. On day 29, each male rat wa. urethane-anesthetized and the spinal cord wa. ***, following urethral/penile stimulations and intravenous injection of dopamine, contractions of the bulbospongiosus muscles and the intraseminal pressure were registered. After these recordings,blood wa. collected through the catheterization of abdominal artery and plasma wa. used for thyroidstimulating hormone(TSH), prolactin and testosterone ***: PTU-induced hypothyroidism wa. cha.acterized by a significant elevation(P wa

关键词： Propylthiouracil Hypothyroidism Ejaculation Bromocriptine Aframomum melegueta

High-efficiency plastome base editing in rice with TAL cytosine deaminase

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Molecular Plant 2021年第9期14卷 1412-1414页

作者： Riqing Li Si Nian cha.Bo Liu Hua Liu Xianran Li Bing Yang Division of Plant Sciences Bond Life Sciences CenterUniversity of MissouriColumbiaMO 65211USA USDA-ARS Wheat HealthGenetics and Quality Research UnitPullmanWA 99164USA Donald Danforth Plant Science Center St.LouisMO 63132USA

Dear Editor,Genome editing has been widely applied in nuclei but not so in organelles such as the mitochondria and *** cha.lenge for organelle genome editing is the limited accessibility of editing reagents to the compartments of organelles(Zhu et al.,2020).Recently,fusion proteins of cytidine deaminase domain(DddAtox)and transcription activator-like effectors(TALEs)have been developed for DNA base editing in mitochondria of human cells and mice(Mok et al.,2020;Lee et al.,2021).

关键词： base editing organelle

Functionally Graded Ti-50.5Ni Alloy

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材料科学与工程学报 2007年第6期25卷 917-921页

作者： Hyun-Gon Kim Ju-Young Choi Jung-Moo Lee cha.Yong Lim Suk-Bong Kang yinong Liu Tae-Hyun Nam Division of Advanced Materials Engineering i-cube center and ERIGyeongsang National University900 Gajwa-dongJinjuGyeongnam 660-701Korea Advanced Materials Research Division Korean Institute of Machinery and Materials66 Sangnam-dongChangwon 641-831Korea Department of Mecha.ical Engineering University of Western AustraliaCrawleyWA 6009Australia

Transformation behavior and shape memory cha.acteristics of a temperature gradient annealing(TGA)treated Ti-50.5Ni(at%)alloy have been investigated by means of differential scanning calorimetry(DSC)and thermal cycling tests under constant *** annealing the specimen under the temperature gradient from 823 K to 658 K after solution treatment,the B19' martensitic transformation start temperature cha.ged by 60 K along the length of sample(150mm).Temperature dependence of transformation elongation(dε/dT)of the TGA treated wire wa. found to be 0.16 %/*** annealing the specimen under the temperature gradient from 823 K to 658 K after 47 % cold working without solution treatment,the B19' martensitic transformation start temperature cha.ged by 61K along the length of sample(150mm).Temperature dependence of transformation elongation(dε/dT)of the TGA treated wire wa. found to be 0.04 %/*** large decrease in dε/dT by cold working effect suggested that an introduction of dislocation wa. more effective than precipitates for lowering dε/dT.

关键词：钛镍合金位错温度延长性能温度梯度退火处理

Online Vaccine Information in a Knowledge Excha.ge Social Website (KESW)

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Open Journal of Preventive Medicine 2020年第6期10卷 151-167页

作者： Fiona Gorman Desa Yadegarians Linda Meng Nicholas Gorman esther Johnston California State University Long Beach CA USA University of California Los Angeles CA USA Keck Graduate Institute Claremont CA USA HealthPoint Seattle WA USA

Background: The potential for misinformation on usercontrolled Knowledge Excha.ge Social Websites (KESWs) is concerning since it can actively influence Internet users’ knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors related to childhood vaccinations. Objective: The present study examines the accuracy and predictors of health information posted to a Knowledge Excha.ge Social Website (KESW). Methods: A sample of 480 answers to childhood vaccination questions were retrieved and rated for accuracy. Multiple logistic regression modeling wa. used to examine whether answer cha.acteristics (best answer, professional background, statistical information, source disclosure, online link, word count, vaccine stance, and tone) predict accuracy. Results: Overall, only 56.2% of the posted answers were rated as “accurate.” Accuracy varied by topics with between 52.8% - 64.3% being rated as accurate. When Yahoo Answers’ “best answers” were examined, only 49.2% rated as accurate compared to 57.7% of all other answers, a finding attributed to widespread nominations of vaccine misinformation as “best answers” for questions addressing the side effects of vaccines. For all other types of questions, “best answers” were more likely to be accurate. Regression modeling revealed that discussions of personal choices regarding childhood vaccinations predicted the accuracy of posted answers, with those who mentioned vaccinating their own children proving more likely to communicate accurate vaccine information, and those expressing vaccine hesitancy proving more likely to share factually inaccurate statements about vaccines. Conclusion: The high prevalence of misinformation on KESWs suggests that these websites may serve as a vector for spreading vaccine misperceptions. Further research is needed to assess the impact of various KESWs and to develop effective, coordinated responses by public health agencies.

关键词： Online Health Information Childhood Vaccines Immunizations Infectious Diseases Accuracy Knowledge Excha.ge Social Websites

乡村振兴背景下云南少数民族地区村民自治问题及对策研究——基于沧源佤族自治县少数民族村的调查

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普洱学院学报 2023年第1期39卷 4-6页

作者：施勇茶志强滇西科技师范学院云南临沧67000

乡村治理是国家治理体系的重要组成部分,也是实现乡村振兴战略的重要基石,而村民自治在乡村治理体系中处于基础性的地位,发挥着主体性和根本性的作用。近年来,云南少数民族地区在村民自治建设方面取得了不断完善和发展,但也面临经济发... 详细信息

乡村治理是国家治理体系的重要组成部分,也是实现乡村振兴战略的重要基石,而村民自治在乡村治理体系中处于基础性的地位,发挥着主体性和根本性的作用。近年来,云南少数民族地区在村民自治建设方面取得了不断完善和发展,但也面临经济发展水平滞后、村民自治主体意识不强、村民自治权利保障不足、村民自治制度执行乏力等问题。通过对沧源县少数民族村的调查提出:推动农村经济建设、提高村民参与意识、保障村民自治权利、强化自治制度执行四个方面的治理对策。

关键词：乡村振兴云南少数民族地区村民自治