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How important is donor age in liver transplantation?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第21期22卷 4966-4976页

作者： Alberto Lué estela Solanas Pedro Baptista Sara Lorente Juan J Araiz Agustin Garcia-Gil m Trinidad Serrano Liver Transplantation Unit Department of Gastroenterology University Hospital Lozano Blesa 50009 Zaragoza Spain Health Research Institute of Aragon (IIS) 50009 Zaragoza Spain Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red Enfermedades Hepaticas y Digestivas (CiberEHD) 28029 Madrid Spain Transplant Coordination University Hospital Lozano Blesa 50009 Zaragoza Spain Liver Transplant Unit Department of Surgery University Hospital Lozano Blesa 50009 Zaragoza Spain

The age of liver donors has been increasing in the past several years because of a donor shortage. In the United States, 33% of donors are age 50 years or older, as are more than 50% in some European countries. The impact of donor age on liver transplantation(LT) has been analyzed in several studies with contradictory conclusions. Nevertheless, recent analyses of the largest databases demonstrate that having an older donor is a risk factor for graft failure. Donor age is included as a risk factor in the more relevant graft survival scores, such as the Donor Risk Index, donor age and model for End-stage Liver Disease, Survival Outcomes Following Liver Transplantation, and the Balance of Risk. The use of old donors is related to an increased rate of biliary complications and hepatitis C virus-related graft failure. Although liver function does not seem to be significantly affected by age, the incidence of several liver diseases increases with age, and the capacity of the liver to manage or overcome liver diseases or external injuries decreases. In this paper, the importance of age in LT outcomes, the role of donor age as a risk factor, and the influence of aging on liver regeneration are reviewed.

关键词： Liver transplantation Liver regeneration Graft survival Old donor Aging

Post-fire recovery of Puya raimondii, vegetation and birds in the puna of Huascarán National Park, Perú

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Journal of mountain Science 2024年第1期21卷 20-32页

作者： mery L.SUNI Giovana P.VADILLO César ARANA Enoc JARA-PENA Letty SALINAS m.estela PONCE Paul m.RAmSAY Plant Physiology Laboratory Faculty of Biological SciencesUniversidad Nacional Mayor de San MarcosLima 15081Peru Natural History museum Universidad Nacional Mayor de San MarcosLima 15072Peru Applied Phytology Laboratory Faculty of Biological SciencesUniversidad Nacional Mayor de San MarcosLima 15081Peru Department of Statistics Faculty of Mathematical SciencesUniversidad Nacional Mayor de San MarcosLima 15081Peru Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences Universidad de las Américas PueblaSan Andrés Cholula CP Cholula CP 72810Mexico

A large fire of 233 ha in Huascarán National Park in Peru provided an opportunity to compare plant and bird responses in burned and nearby unburned zones of the puna. Heights and live diameters of flagship Puya raimondii rosettes(assigned to four broad developmental phases), plant communities(66 species in 24 families and nine growth forms) and bird communities(77 species in six trophic guilds) were monitored after the fire. Although no mortality was observed, Puya raimondii plants were affected by the fire, losing approximately 60% of their photosynthetic area across all developmental phases, but recovered quickly during the first two years after fire. The comparison of Puya rosette recovery after fire was complicated by the changes in live rosette diameter for unburned plants, which showed plasticity of photosynthetic area linked to seasonal and annual fluctuations in precipitation in this relatively dry environment(decreased by 26% for mature adult plants over the study period). Fire caused an immediate change in the density, biomass and composition of vegetation. Although the species present remained similar, their abundances changed significantly immediately after the fire, with notable reductions in dominant tussock grasses. This provided opportunities for other plants, resulting in higher postfire diversity of plant species, genera, families and growth forms. In turn, the changes in vegetation after fire affected the composition of birds according to their trophic guild. Granivores largely disappeared,generalists were mostly unaffected, and other guilds showed a more complex response. As the vegetation recovered, most displaced birds returned within approximately one year.

关键词： Burning Plant biomass Trophic guilds Andes Giant rosette plants

Scale dependency of Liolaemus lizards＇ home range in response to different environmental variables

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Current Zoology 2016年第6期62卷 521-530页

作者： Oscar Anibal STELLATELLI Carolina BLOCK Debora Lina mORENO-AZOCAR Laura estela VEGA Juan Pablo ISACCH Felix Benjamin CRUZ Laboratorio de Vertebrados Departamento de Biologia Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras (IIMyC) CONICET-Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Defin Funes 3250 (B7602AYJ) Mar del Plata Buenos Aires Argentina Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y medioambiente (INIBIOmA) CONICET-Universidad Nacional del Comahue. Quintral 1250 (8400) San Carlos de Bariloche Rio Negro Argentina.

Animal habitat-use patterns cannot be isolated from scale issues. Consequently, multi-scale studies provide a complete characterization of ecological patterns that can further explain the observed variation. Liolaemus constitutes the world＇s second most speciose lizard genus. In this study, we assessed the relationships between home range size and environmental variables at 3 different spatial scales. The study at a local and regional scale was focused on the habitat specialist Liolaemus multimaculatus. The lizard＇s home range was calculated using the minimum convex polygon method in populations from grassland sites of the coastal sand dunes of the Argentinean Pampas under 2 different conditions, with or without forestations of Acacia Iongifolia. On the other hand, at a geographical scale we considered the evolutionary implications of 20 species of Liolaemus. Home range size, phylogeny, ecological, environmental, and climatic data were ob- tained from the literature and remote sensing. L. multimaculatus home range varied from 12.66 to 570.00 m. Regionally, this species had smaller home ranges in forested habitats （X： 94.02 m2） com- pared with the non-forested sites （X： 219.78m2）. Habitat structure, vegetation types, and food availability would explain the space use at finer scales. When the 20 species of Liolaernus were considered, high mean air temperature and broad thermal amplitudes showed an inverse relationship with home range size. Neither net primary productivity nor phylogeny was good predictors for home range variation at geographical scale. This study highlights the scale dependence of the explicative capability of a set of environmental and intrinsic variables on home range patterns.

关键词： environmental factors home range Liolaemus lizard scales

Liver histological changes and lipid peroxidation in the amphibian Ambystoma mexicanum induced by sediment elutriates from the Lake Xochimilco

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2016年第8期28卷 156-164页

作者： Esperanza Ortiz-Ordonez Eugenia López-López Jacinto Elías Sedeno-Díaz Esther Uría Ignacio Andrés morales maría estela Pérez mineko Shibayama Instituto Politécnico Nacional Depto.de Formación Básica e InterdisciplinariaCICS-USTAv.de los Maestros s/n.Col.Sto Instituto Politécnico Nacional Laboratorio de Evaluación de la Salud de Ecosistemas AcuáticosENCBProl.de Carpio y Plan de Ayala s/n.Col.Sto Instituto Politécnico Nacional Coordinación Politécnica para la SustentabilidadEdificio de la Biblioteca Nacional3er PisoAv.Instituto Politécnico Nacional s/nesq.Wilfrido MassieuCol Instituto Politécnico Nacional Laboratorio de HistologíaENCBProl.de Carpio y Plan de Ayala s/n.Col.Sto Unidad de Servicio Académico Acuario BiologíaFacultad de CienciasUniversidad Autónoma de MéxicoCiudad Universitaria Laboratorio de Infectómica Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPNAv.Instituto Politécnico Nacional

Lacustrine sediments accumulate pollutants that input from the lake watershed and can be released to the water column by sediment resuspension; thus, pollutants can change their bioavailability and exert adverse effects to aquatic biota. Shallow-urban lakes are particularly susceptible to receive pollutants from urban discharges and sediment resuspension. Lake Xochimilco, in mexico City, an urban-shallow lake, faces multiple problems： urban sprawl, overexploitation of aquifers, drying of springs, discharge of wastewater from treatment plants, and sediment resuspension. The aquatic biota living in this ecosystem is continuously exposed to the release of pollutants from the sediments. We assessed the risk that pollutants released from sediments from Lake Xochimilco, Touristic（TZ） and Agriculture zone（AZ）, can exert on a native amphibian species of the lake（Ambystoma mexicanum） through exposure bioassays to sediment elutriates. We evaluate alterations in the amphibian by three approaches： biochemical（level of lipid peroxidation,LPO）, cellular（ultrastructure） and the liver histology of A. mexicanum and we compare them with a batch control. Additionally, we assessed heavy metals（Pb, Cd and Hg） in *** from TZ showed the highest concentrations of the metals assessed. Organisms exposed to sediment elutriates from either study sites showed higher LPO values than control organisms（p 〈 0.05）. Organisms exposed to elutriates from the TZ showed the most conspicuous damages： hepatic vasodilation of sinusoids, capillaries with erythrocytes,leukocyte infiltration and cytoplasmic vacuolation in hepatocytes. The biological responses assessed reflected the risk that faces A. mexicanum when is exposed for prolonged periods to sediment resuspension in Lake Xochimilco.

关键词： Elutriates Amphibian Liver Histological alterations Ultrastructure Oxidative stress metals Urban lake

Associations of Adolescence Exposure to Industrial Air Pollution with Cancer in Young Adults

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Environment & Health 2023年第1期1卷 53-62页

作者： Ruth Lev Bar-Or Yuval Gilad Twig David m.Broday Lital Keinan-Boker Ora Paltiel Ronit Sinnreich Dorit Tzur estela Derazne Raanan Raz Braun School of Public Health and Community medicine The Hebrew University of JerusalemHadassahJerusalem 9112102Israel Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering Technion Israel Institute of TechnologyHaifa 32000Israel Technion Center of Excellence in Exposure Sciences and Environmental Health(TCEEH) Haifa 3200003Israel Israel Defense Forces medical Corps Ramat Gan 5262000Israel Department of Preventive medicine School of Public HealthSackler Faculty of MedicineTel Aviv UniversityTel Aviv 6997801Israel Institute of Endocrinology and The Gertner Institute for Epidemiology&Health Policy Research Sheba Medical CenterRamat Gan 5262000Israel Israel Center for Disease Control Israel Ministry of HealthSheba Medical CenterRamat Gan 5262000Israel School of Public Health University of HaifaHaifa 3498838Israel Department of Hematology Hadassah Medical OrganizationJerusalem 9112001Israel

There is substantial public concern about the health risks of proximity to petrochemical *** the Haifa Bay Area(HBA),which contains Israel’s densest industrial area,these concerns have been strengthened by elevated cancer mortality rates since the late *** studied the association between adolescent exposure to industrial air pollution in the HBA and adult-onset *** is a historical cohort *** study population comprised 2,187,317 subjects,using the Israeli medical corps data linked to the Israel National Cancer Registry with follow-up of up to 45 *** assessments were estimated by a spatial kriging interpolation model of SO2,serving as a marker for the dispersion of air pollution emitted from the complex during the study *** found increased crude(HR=1.23,95%CI=1.17 to 1.29)and adjusted(HR=1.16,95%CI=1.10 to 1.21)risk of cancer with increased exposure to air pollution in *** associations remained robust in analyses stratified by decade and socio-economic *** found evidence of monotonically increased risk in five of 13 cancer categories(leukemia,melanoma,female breast,central nervous system,and thyroid tumors).Our findings strengthen the hypothesis that this exposure posed a carcinogenic risk during the study period.

关键词： cancer Haifa Bay Area epidemiology public health industrial air pollution

Genetics of adult attachment:An updated review of the literature

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2021年第9期11卷 530-542页

作者： Leire Erkoreka mercedes Zumarraga Aurora Arrue m Isabel Zamalloa Ainara Arnaiz Olga Olivas Teresa moreno-Calle estela Saez Jon Garcia Elena marin Noemi Varela Ana Gonzalez-Pinto Nieves Basterreche Department of Psychiatry Galdakao-Usansolo HospitalOsakidetza Basque Health ServiceGaldakao 48960Spain Grupo Red de Salud mental Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research InstituteBarakaldo 48903Spain Department of Neurosciences University of the Basque Country UPV/EHULeioa 48940Spain Department of Neurochemical Research Bizkaia Mental Health NetworkOsakidetza Basque Health ServiceBarakaldo 48903Spain Erandio mental Health Center Bizkaia Mental Health NetworkOsakidetza Basque Health ServiceErandio 48950Spain Zaldibar Hospital Bizkaia Mental Health NetworkOsakidetza Basque Health ServiceZaldibar 48250Spain Zamudio Hospital Bizkaia Mental Health NetworkOsakidetza Basque Health ServiceZamudio 48170Spain Bermeo Hospital Bizkaia Mental Health NetworkOsakidetza Basque Health ServiceBermeo 48370Spain Department of Psychiatry BioAraba Research InstituteAraba University HospitalUniversity of the Basque Country(UPV/EHU)CIBERSAMVitoria-Gasteiz 01004Spain Grupo de investigacion integradora en Salud mental Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research InstituteBarakaldo 48903Spain

Attachment style,which has been theorized to be rooted in childhood bonding experiences,influences adult cognitive,emotional and interpersonal *** its relationship with early experiences,research indicates that the continuity of attachment style across childhood and adulthood is only partial,being a malleable tendency that is shaped throughout development,with an increasing influence of genetics,as it occurs in other cognitive and behavioral *** research indicates that up to 45% of the variability in anxious and 39% in avoidant adult attachment style could be explained by genetic causes,but the precise mechanisms remain unclear.A narrative review is conducted analyzing the existing literature regarding the implication of candidate genes related to oxytocin,dopaminergic pathways,serotonergic pathways and brainderived neurotrophic factor in adult attachment,with both vulnerability and differential susceptibility approaches,yielding mixed *** highlight the lack of genome-wide studies and the scarcity of epigenetic *** on the existing data,we conclude that the genetics of adult attachment is an area that requires further research to clarify its etiological role and that it should be preferably approached as an interaction between nature and nurture.

关键词： Genetics Adult attachment Oxytocin Dopamine Serotonin Brain-derived neurotrophic factor methylation

mid and late Holocene forest fires and deforestation in the subalpine belt of the Iberian range,northern Spain

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Journal of mountain Science 2016年第10期13卷 1760-1772页

作者： Jose m.GARCIA-RUIZ Yasmina SANJUAN Graciela GIL-ROmERA Penelope GONZALEZ-SAmPERIZ Santiago BEGUERIA Jose ARNAEZ Paz COBA-PEREZ Amelia GOmEZ-VILLAR Javier ALVAREZ-mARTINEZ Noemi LANA-RENAULT estela PEREZ-CARDIEL Carlos LOPEZ DE CALLE Instituto Pirenaico de Ecologfa Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas(IPE-CSIC)Campus de Aula DeiP.O.Box 13.03450.080-ZaragozaSpain Estacion Experimental de Aula Dei Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas(EEAD-CSIC)Campus de Aula DeiP.O.Box 13.03450.080-ZaragozaSpain Area of Physical Geography University ofLa Rioja26.004-LogronoSpain Centro de Investigaciones en Geografia Ambiental Universidad Nacional Autonoma de MexicoUnidad MoreliaAntigua Carretera a Patzcuaro 870158190-MoreliaMichoacanMexico Departamento de Geografia y Geologia Faeultad de Filosofia y LetrasUniversidad de LeonCampus de Vegazana24.071-LeonSpain Departamento de Ingenieria Agricola y Forestal Universidad de ValladolidCampus La Yutera34.071-PalenciaSpain Department of Geography and Land management University of Zaragoza50.009-ZaragozaSpain Freelance archaeologist Auda.Colon426003-LogronoSpain

The conversion of subalpine forests into grasslands for pastoral use is a well-knownphenomenon, although for most mountain areas the timing of deforestation has not been determined. The presence of charcoal fragments in soil profiles affected by shallow landsliding enabled us to date the occurrence of fires and the periods of conversion ofsubalpine forest into grasslands in the Urbión mountains, Iberian Range, Spain. We found that the treeline in the highest parts of the northwestern massifs of the Iberian Range(the Urbión, Demanda, Neila, and Cebollera massifs) is currently between 1500 and 1600 m a.s.l., probably because of pastoral use of the subalpine belt, whereas in the past it would have reached almost the highest divides(at approximately 2100–2200 m a.s.l.). The radiocarbon dates obtained indicate that the transformation of the subalpine belt occurred during the Late Neolithic, Chalcolithic, Bronze Age, Iron Age, and middle Ages. Forest clearing was probably moderate during fires prior to the middle Ages, as the small size of the sheep herds and the local character of the markets only required small clearings, and therefore more limited fires. Thus, it is likely that the forest recovered burnt areas in a few decades; this suggests the management of the forest and grasslands following a slash-andburn system. During the middle and modern Ages deforestation and grassland expansion affected most of the subalpine belt and coincided with the increasing prevalence of transhumance, as occurred in other mountains in the Iberian Peninsula(particularly the Pyrenees). Although the occurrence of shallow landslides following deforestation between the Neolithic and the Roman Period cannot be ruled out, the most extensive shallow landsliding processes would have occurred from the middle Ages until recent times.

关键词： Forest fires Holocene Subalpinegrasslands Shallow landslides Landscape changes Iberian Range

Outcomes of the Clean Development mechanism in Argentina

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American Journal of Climate Change 2016年第4期5卷 431-447页

作者： Gabriel Blanco Verónica Córdoba Romina Baldi mónica Fernández estela Santalla Centro de Tecnologías Ambientales y Energía Facultad de Ingeniería UNCPBA Olavarría Argentina

This paper summarizes the results of the implementation of the CDm in Argentina during the first period of commitment of the Kyoto Protocol. From a total of sixty- five projects ideas, forty-four achieved registration under the CDm EB while the rest remained approved at national level (12), under evaluation (2), suspended (5) or rejected (2). most of the projects focused on the generation of electricity from renewable energy, mainly wind energy and the use of landfill gas and methane for energy. Emissions reductions achieved 33.4% of the expected CERs up to 2012 with strong differences among sectors. Results demonstrated that under the current Argentina’s energy policy framework, the income by the selling of CERs covered less than 6% of the incremental costs for renewable energy projects. A sensitivity analysis to evaluate the impact of CDm in the coverage of incremental costs for renewable energy based on the prices of both the energy in the local market and the CER demonstrated that the best conditions would only cover 15% of those costs. The contribution of CDm to technology transfer in Argentina was minor considering that 45% of the projects qualified as type III where technological learning and capacity building were limited at the level of operation and maintenance of a foreign technology. Domestic and external barriers that prevented a better performance of CDm projects in terms of GHG mitigation, technology transfer and the contribution to a sustainable development were also analyzed.

关键词： Clean Development mechanism GHG Emissions Incremental Cost Renewable Energy Argentina

Prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus in the pediatric population of a third-level care hospital in mexico City in 2013 and 2018

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World Journal of Diabetes 2023年第3期14卷 290-298页

作者： Jorge mario molina-Díaz Blanca estela Vargas-Terrez Patricia Guadalupe medina-Bravo Antonia martínez-Ambrosio América Liliana miranda-Lora miguel Klünder-Klünder Department of Child Endocrinology Children’s Hospital Federico GomezAutonomous University of MexicoMexico City 06250Mexico Faculty of Business La Salle UniversityMexico City 06250Mexico Department of Endocrinology Children’s Hospital Federico GomezMexico City 06720Mexico Department of Nursing and Endocrinology Children’s Hospital Federico GómezMexico City 06720Mexico Epidemiological Research Unit in Endocrinology and Nutrition Children’s Hospital Federico GomezMexico City 06720Mexico Division of Research Children’s Hospital Federico GomezMexico City 06720Mexico

BACKGROUND Diabetes mellitus type 2(T2Dm)is a state of hyperglycemia due to a defect in the secretion and/or action of insulin,and it represents the most common form of diabetes *** mexico,10.3%of the adult population have been diagnosed with T2Dm and it is expanding to the pediatric *** To evaluate and compare the prevalence of T2Dm in the pediatric population at the Children’s Hospital,“Hospital Infantil de méxico Federico Gómez(HImFG)”,at two time periods:2013 vs *** A comparison of two cross-sectional studies was done(2013 and 2018).The study population was comprised of children and adolescents 8-17 years old,from the Diabetes Clinic at the aforementioned institution.A comprehensive interrogation regarding family history and perinatal antecedents was *** blood work after 12 h of fasting was obtained to determine serum levels of glucose,glycated hemoglobin,lipid profile,C-peptide,and *** data were analysed using the statistical software package SPSS v.23.0.A P value ofm 2013,and 104 from *** were age differences noted between the two periods with younger patients presenting T2Dm in ***,T2Dm predominated in the male sex in 55.36%in 2013 vs 32.7%in *** increased prevalence of T2Dm was noted from 2013 to 2018(20.2%vs 33.0%,respectively),which was a statistically significant 12.8%increase(Pmore aggressive in the 2018 group with the presence of a higher proportion of obesity,insulin resistance,and adverse lipid *** The prevalence of T2Dm at the HImFG institution from 2013 to 2018 increased by 12.8%(20.2%vs 33.0%,respectively).The study results demonstrate the need for vigilance in T2Dm trends,and to strengthen programs of healthy nutrition and physical activity as well as early detection and risk factors for obesity,data on insulin resistance,and metabo

关键词： Diabetes Children adolescents Epidemiology Etiology Risk factors and complications