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High-Yielding and Carotenoid-Rich Clones Identification among Thirty-One Cassava Clones with Colored Flesh

American Journal of Plant Sciences 2021年第9期12卷 1445-1458页

作者： N’Zue Boni Coulibaly Idriss Koudous Koffi Kouamé Guillaume essis brice sidoine Dibi Konan Evrard brice Sie Raoul Sylvère Centre National de Recherche Agronomique (CNRA) Baouké C&#244 te d’Ivoire Université Nangui Abrogoua UFR Sciences de la Nature Unité de Phytotechnie et Amélioration Génétique Abidjan 02 C&#244te d’Ivoire

Cassava is the second most important food crop produced and consumed in Côte d’Ivoire, after yam. White-fleshed varieties, which are low in total carotenoids, are widespread, while coloured-fleshed varieties (yellow to orange), carotenoid-rich, are rare. However, the consumption of carotenoid-rich cassava varieties could help to alleviate health problems related to vitamin A deficiency. This study aims to identify high agronomic performance, carotenoid-rich and versatile cassava varieties among 31 clones introduced from IITA. They were compared to three controls, Bocou2, Yacé and Bonou2, according to agronomic and technological parameters. Results found that out of the 31 clones, six (I082425, I084157, I084563, I085894, I083774 and I070520) were more productive than the control Bocou2 (46.01 ± 14.88 t·ha-1);the clone I083774 had the highest yield (55.88 ± 6.16 t·ha-1). Twenty-one clones had dry matter contents, ranging from 37% to 41%, significantly similar to Yacé control (42.70%). Thirteen clones had highest total carotenoid contents than the control Bocou2. Clones I084157 and I082425 recorded the highest total carotenoid contents with 17.57 ± 1.92 and 18.39 ± 1.19 μg·g-1 respectively. Overall 31 tested clones were fibrous to varying degrees while 27 clones had mild or neutral post-cooking flavours and 17 clones had poor cooking. The clone I084157 is the best compromise of agronomic and technological desired traits.

关键词： Manihot esculenta Carotenoid-Rich Coloured-Flesh Cassava High Yied Provitamin A

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Effect of Plant Growth Hormones and Liquid Fertilizer on Rooting and Tuberization of Yam (<i>Dioscorea rotundata</i>Poir.) Vine Cuttings

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2019年第10期10卷 1903-1920页

作者： Dibi Konan Evrard brice Kouakou Amani Michel Amari Ler-Ogn Dadé Georges Elisée Brouth Lorng Jean Bernard Dossou-Aminon Innocent essis brice sidoine N’zue Boni Dick Acka Emmanuel Root and Tuber Crops Program Food Crops Research Station National Centre for Agronomic Research-CNRA Bouake Cote d’Ivoire Laboratory of Plant Physiology Biosciences Training and Research Unit Felix Houphouet-Boigny University Abidjan Cote d’Ivoire Faculty of Science and Technology of Dassa University of Abomey-Calavi Abomey-Calavi Benin

Vine cutting is an effective solution to solve the problem of seed availability in yam cultivation. This study was conducted to improve the recovery and rooting rate of vine cuttings of Dioscorea rotundata. Two-node cuttings from five (5)-month-old hybrid plants were grown in liquid media consisting of phytohormones (AIA3 and GA3) and liquid fertilizer (NPK 8-8-8) at different concentrations. Observations were made weekly from the 21st day after transplanting and focused on the survival rate of the cuttings, the number of roots emitted and the number of minitubers initiated. The results obtained showed a significant effect of the different growing media on the survival rate, rooting and production of minitubers. The best survival rates were obtained for cuttings grown in NPK (8-8-8) at 0.25% (100%) and AIA3 at 25 ppm (93.3%). The highest averages root number was recorded with growing media containing 0.25% NPK 8-8-8 (20.3) and 25 ppm AIA3 (17.7). Growing media with 0.25% NPK (8-8-8) and 25 ppm AIA3 provided the highest average numbers of minitubers initiated, respectively 5 and 4.6. Growing medium containing 0.25% NPK 8-8-8 has been identified as the one that allows better roots emission and minitubers production by yam vines cuttings.

关键词： Yam Vine Cutting Yam Seed Growing Medium Dioscorea rotundata

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Prevalence of Work-Aggravated Asthma among Bakery Workers in Abidjan (Cote d’Ivoire)

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Health 2024年第3期16卷 204-217页

作者： Loukou Leandre Konan Esme Marie Laure essis Brou Michel Kouassi Marius Kedote Julius Fobil William Yavo Ossey Bernard Yapo Issaka Tiembre National Institute of Public Health Abidjan Cote d’Ivoire Interuniversity Doctoral Program Cotonou Benin Medical Sciences Training and Research Unit Department of Public Health and Biostatistics Felix Houphouet Boigny University Abidjan C&#244te d’Ivoire Global Environmental Occupational Health (GEOHealth) Accra Ghana UFR of Pharmaceutical and Biological Sciences Department of Public Health Felix Houphou&#235t Boigny University Abidjan Cote d’Ivoire Nangui Abrogoua University Abidjan C&#244te d’Ivoire National Institute of Public Hygiene Abidjan C&#244te d’Ivoire

Introduction: Work-aggravated asthma is pre-existing or concomitant asthma whose symptoms are aggravated by the work environment. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of this pathology and its associated factors among bakery workers in Abidjan. Materials and Methods: This descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study was conducted over a period of four (4) months from 18 December 2019 to 18 April 2020. Two questionnaires were used, one on employees and the other on the indoor environment of bakeries. In addition, a spirometry test was performed on all bakery workers. Statistical analysis was performed using stata 15.1 software. Results: A total of 599 bakery employees, including bakers (59.73%), sales assistants/ cashiers (23.52%), cleaners (6.34%) and administrative staff (10.18%), were investigated. The mean age was 30.8 ± 8 years, with a sex ratio (M/F) = 2.2. Asthma symptoms were found in 95 (15.86%) employees, of whom 74 (77.9%) had work-related asthma and 11 (14.9%) had asthma aggravated by work. The factors associated with work-aggravated asthma were personal or family history of allergy or atopy [ORa = 3.75;CI95%: 1.56 - 8.93;p = 0.003], exposure to dust [ORa = 5.01;CI95%: 1.43 - 7.50;p = 0.011] and humidity level (60% - 70%) [ORa = 1.80;CI 95%: 0.99 - 3.28;p = 0.05]. Conclusion: Work-aggravated asthma is a reality in bakeries in Abidjan, with an estimated prevalence of 14.9%. Two of the three factors associated with this condition suggest a link with indoor air pollution. Combating air pollution in these establishments must therefore be a priority for the relevant authorities, in order to provide employees with a working environment that protects their health.

关键词： Work-Aggravated Asthma Occupational Asthma Work-Related Asthma Bakeries Abidjan Ivory Coast

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Preliminary Study of Predation Effectiveness of the Assassin Bug Rhynocoris rapax Stal (Heteroptra: Reduviidae) on Fall Armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda Smith (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), a Major Pest of Maize Crops

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Advances in Entomology 2023年第1期11卷 10-17页

作者： Assiénin Hauverset N’Guessan brice sidoine essis Achi Laurent N’cho Hugues Annicet N’da Kouamé Jean-Noël Konan N’Guessan Alphonse Kouassi National Centre for Agronomy Research Research Station of La Mé Laboratory of Entomology Abidjan C&ocirc te d’Ivoire National Centre for Agronomy Research Food Crops Research Station Laboratory of Phytopathology Bouaké C&ocirc te d’Ivoire National Centre for Agronomy Research Research Station of Maize Millet and Sorghum Laboratory of Phytopathology Ferkessédougou C&ocirc te d’Ivoire National Centre for Agronomy Research Research Station of Maize Millet and Sorghum Plant Breeding Laboratory Ferkessédougou C&ocirc te d’Ivoire National Centre for Agronomy Research Research Station of La Mé Plant Breeding Laboratory Abidjan C&ocirc te d’Ivoire National Centre for Agronomy Research Research Station of La Mé Soil Science Laboratory Abidjan C&ocirc te d’Ivoire

Maize is a staple food in many sub-Saharan African countries, grown on large surfaces and with high production. However, maize’s cultivation is often confronted with attacks by the fall armyworm, which considerably reduces production. Thus, the use of biological agents in the control of the fall armyworm would contribute effectively to the sustainability of agriculture. It is in this context that this study, conducted at the La Mé station of the National Centre for Agronomy Research, aims to test the effectiveness of Rhynocoris rapax, a powerful predator of various insect families, on the fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda, for biological control of this maize pest in Côte d’Ivoire. Therefore, 3 batches of 1 adult individuals of Rhynocoris rapax were captured in trial plots set up at the La Mé station. These individuals were then put in contact with 3 batches of 5, 20 and 40 larvae of the pest in rearing boxes at an average temperature of 26.4°C and an average relative humidity of 60%, in order to evaluate the efficiency of the predation. The results showed that Rhynocoris rapax kills more larvae when these are in large numbers. The mortality of the high number of larvae was observed during the first three days, probably due to the voracity and aggressiveness of Rhynocoris rapax that period. So R. rapax is a potential predator of fall armyworm and should be protected.

关键词： Effectiveness Predation Rhynocoris rapax Spodoptera frugiperda Maize

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Explanatory Factors for the Variation in HIV Prevalence between Regions of Côte d’Ivoire: An Ecological Study

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Health 2022年第5期14卷 507-522页

作者： Esme Marie Laure essis Bamba Iba Loukou Leandre Konan Eugene Konan Joseph Aka Prata Ndola National Institute of Public Health Abidjan C&#244 te d’Ivoire Cellule de Recherche en Santé de la Reproduction de Cô te d’Ivoire Abidjan C&#244 te d’Ivoire Department of Public Health and Specialties UFRS Medical Sciences of the University Félix Houphou&#235 t-Boigny Abidjan C&#244 te d’Ivoire Bixby Center for Population Health and Sustainability School of Public Health University of California Berkeley CA USA

Introduction: No study has analyzed the reasons for the difference in HIV prevalence between Ivorian regions ranging from 1.3% in the central-western region to 4.1% in Abidjan among men. Objective: To analyze explanatory factors for the difference in HIV prevalence observed in men in Côte d’Ivoire’s regions. Methodology: Assessment of the relationship between HIV prevalence per region and risk factors explored in the 2012 Côte d’Ivoire Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS). A multivariate analysis was conducted to assess the relationship between HIV prevalence and each variable. Results: The explanatory power of the variation of HIV prevalence between regions was 98%. There was a significant association between HIV prevalence and union (r = −0.38;p = 0.008;95% CI (−0.53 to −0.23)), condom use (r = −0.01;p = 0.19;95% CI (−0.03 to −0.01)), practice of Christian religion (r = −0.1;p = 0.017;95% CI (−0.16 to −0.05)), and schooling (r = −0.01;p = 0.25;95% CI (−0.04 to 0.02)). There was a paradoxical association between HIV prevalence and mean age at first sexual intercourse (r = −0.1;p = 0.017;95% CI (−0.16 to −0.05)) and sexual infections (r = −0.48;p = 0.016;95% CI (−0.75 to −0.22)). Conclusion: The explanatory factors for the difference in HIV prevalence observed in men in the regions of the country were union, condom use, mean age at first sexual intercourse, sexual infection, sexual activity, and multiple sexual partnerships. However, only union and condom use were effective in reducing HIV prevalence by preventing new infections.

关键词： VIH Prevalence Explanatory Factors Ecological Study Region Sub-Saharan Africa

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Phytochemical Screening and Toxicity Assessment of Imperata cylindrica (L.) P. Beauv. (Poaceae) Raw Extracts with Brine Shrimp (Artemia salina) Lethality Assay

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2022年第8期10卷 153-171页

作者： Anne Marie Léticia Konan Koffi Julien Golly Adou Koffi Mathieu Kra Amissa Augustin Adima essis Esmel Claude Lohoues Biochemistry Department Medical Sciences Faculty Felix Houphouet-Boigny University Abidjan C&ocirc te d’Ivoire Laboratory of the Biology of Immunity Center Pasteur Institute Abidjan C&ocirc te d’Ivoire Pharmacodynamics Biochemical Laboratory Felix Houphouet-Boigny University Abidjan C&ocirc te d’Ivoire Research Department Water Chemicals and Natural Substances INP-HB Yamoussoukro C&ocirc te d’Ivoire

Background: Herbal medicinal preparations are used as dietary supplements for disease prevention and as alternative/complementary medicine. The growing interest in herbal medicine raises the question of its safety and efficacy. Numerous recorded cases of intoxication and toxicological studies reveal that medicinal plants can be toxic, which hinders their safe use. Plant intoxications related to a variety of factors include plant organs and many extraction solvents. Little toxicological data on medicinal plants is available. The need to investigate is important for safe use. Imperata cylindrica, a poaceae, is one of the medicinal plants for which few toxicological data are available. Materials & Methods: To expand toxicological data, water, 70% ethanol, and 30% acetone extracts of the leaves and roots, obtained by maceration and reflux methods, were used for phytochemicals molecules qualitative detection and toxicity test by the brine shrimp lethality assay. Results: The qualitative analysis of the different extracts revealed the presence of alkaloids, polyphenolic compounds, saponins, and polyterpenoids. The toxicity endpoint was lethal concentration 50 (LC50). The leaves’ extracts LC50 was between 489.78 μg/mL and 1066.6 μg/mL. As for the root extracts, the LC50 was between 341.98 μg/mL and 1530 μg/mL. Discussion: The different compounds’ presence justifies the use of Imperata cylindrica as a medicinal plant. According to Clarkson classification the root extracts are moderately toxic (LC50: 168.47 μg/mL), and leaf extracts are weakly toxic (LC50: 527.25 μg/mL). The extrapolation made in relation to the Gosselin, Smith, and Hodge scale, allows us to characterize the Imperata cylindrica root and leaf extracts as non-toxic to humans by oral route. Conclusion: This result can be a base for more precise toxicological studies.

关键词： Imperata cylindrica Poaceae Phytochemical Analyses Cytotoxicity Artemia salina

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Prevalence of Ventilatory Function Abnormalities in Residents of Attecoube Lagune, Abidjan (Côte d’Ivoire)

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Health 2023年第8期15卷 871-882页

作者： Affou Séraphin Wognin Loukou Leandre Konan Esme Marie Laure essis Joseph Blaise Otshudi’a Ndjekaoma Ossey Bernard Yapo Issaka Tiembre Ivorian Antipollution Center of Abidjan Abidjan C&#244te d’Ivoire Department of Microbiology Laboratory University Peleforo Gon Coulibaly of Korhogo Korhogo C&#244te d’Ivoire National Public Health Institute of Abidjan Abidjan C&#244te d’Ivoire AFNET/FETP of Abidjan Abidjan C&#244te d’Ivoire Department of Sciences and Environmental Management University Nangui Abrogoua of Abidjan Abidjan C&#244te d’Ivoire Department of Public Health and Biostatistics Medical Sciences Training and Research Unit University Felix Houphouet Boigny of Abidjan Abidjan C&#244te d’Ivoire National Institute of Public Hygiene of Abidjan Abidjan C&#244te d’Ivoire

Introduction: Studies of abnormal ventilatory function in Côte d’Ivoire have been carried out in the workplace and in schools. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of respiratory symptoms and ventilatory function abnormalities in the population of the lagoon district of Attécoubé in Abidjan. Material and Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out on 170 people in the municipality of Attécoubé Lagune. A questionnaire was used to collect information on sociodemographic, clinical, and environmental characteristics. A basic spirometry and a beta mimetic test were carried out on all the subjects surveyed. Data analysis was done with the stata 15.1 software. Results: The study population was composed of 103 women and 67 men with a sex ratio (M/F) of 0.65. The average age was 35.92 ± 15.28 years. The most frequent respiratory symptoms were chest tightness (29.41%), dyspnea (28.82%), sneezing (22.94%) and cough (22.35%). The prevalence of ventilatory function abnormalities was 43.24% among residents of Attécoubé Lagune and the most frequent abnormality was ventilatory restriction (35.15%) followed by obstruction (4.85%). The risk factor for ventilatory function abnormalities was heavy pollution [OR = 2.66;IC: 1.053 - 6.743;P = 0.038]. Conclusion: Residents of the Attécoubé Lagune district had many respiratory symptoms and a high prevalence of ventilatory function abnormalities. Improving air quality is urgently needed in this municipality.

关键词： Obstruction Restriction Ventilatory Function Abnormalities Air Pollution Attécoubé Lagune Abidjan Côte d’Ivoire

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Contraceptive Experiences of Women of Procreation Age Who Attended Two HealthCenters in the City of Abidjan (Cote d’Ivoire)

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Health 2023年第1期15卷 1-19页

作者： essis Esme Marie Laure Koffi Kouassi Benjamin Manouan N’guetta Mathilde Coulibaly-Koné Soltié Aminata Bamba Iba Kpebo Djoukou Olga Denise Konan Loukou Leandres Aka Joseph Ndola Prata National Institute of Public Health Abidjan C&#244 te d’Ivoire Reproductive Health Research Unit of Cô te d’Ivoire Abidjan C&#244 te d’Ivoire Regional Health Directorate of the Me Abidjan C&#244 te d’Ivoire Department of Public Health and Biostatistics Faculty of Medicine Université Félix Houphou&#235 t Boigny Abidjan C&#244 te d’Ivoire Bixby Center for Population Health and Sustainability School of Public Health University of California Berkeley CA USA

Introduction: Maternal mortality, which is estimated at 614 deaths per 100,000 births in Côte d’Ivoire, is associated with a low national contraceptive prevalence rate of 13.9%. In this study, we are interested in the contraceptive experiences of women who attend health centers to estimate their rate of contraceptive use and to assess the factors involved in the use of modern contraceptive methods among women of childbearing age who are exposed to the risk of pregnancy. Method: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted from December 2018 to September 2019 among 423 women, who attended two health centers in Abidjan. A bivariate analysis identified factors associated with contraceptive use by these women. A descriptive analysis determined the means for the quantitative variables and the frequencies and percentages of qualitative variables. Interpretation of results was based on significance (α = 5%, 95% CI). Results: Contraceptive prevalence was 37%. There was a significant relationship between contraceptive use and the socio-demographic and reproductive characteristics of women (p Conclusion: Women who were over 35 years age, uneducated, primary school graduates, housewives, unemployed, in the informal sector, Muslims, nulliparous, and lacking information and decision-making power were less likely to use modern contraceptive methods. They are the target population for strategic interventions to improve contraceptive prevalence.

关键词： Use Contraceptive Methods Women Health Centers Côte d’Ivoire Africa

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