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Experimental study on dehydration melting of natural biotite-plagioclase gneiss from High Himalayas and implications for Himalayan crust anatexis

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2001年第10期46卷 867-872页

作者： YANG Xiaosong JIN Zhenmin ernst Huenges Frank R.Schilling Bernd Wunder Faculty of Earth Sciences China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China GeoForschungsZentrum PotsdamD-14473Germany

Here we present the results of dehydration melting, melt morphology and fluid migration based on the dehydration melting experiments on natural bio-tite-plagioclase gneiss performed at the pressure of 1.0-1.4 GPa, and at the temperature of 770-1028℃. Experimental results demonstrate that: (i) most of melt tends to be distributed along mineral boundaries forming 'melt film' even the amount of melt is less than 5 vol%; melt connectivity is controlled not only by melt topology but also by melt fraction; (ii) dehydration melting involves a series of subprocesses including subsoiidus dehydration reaction, fluid migration, vapor-present melting and vapor-absent melting; (iii) experiments produce peraluminous granitic melt whose composition is similar to that of High Himalayan leucogranites (HHLG) and the residual phase assemblage is Pl+Qz+ Gat+Bio+Opx±Cpx+IIm/Rut±Kfs and can be comparable with granulites observed in Himalayas. The experiments provide the evidence that biotite-plagioclase gneiss is one of

关键词： gneiss dehydration melting melt topology fluid migration leucogranite granulite Himalayas.

Macro-and microcirculation patterns of intrahepatic blood flow changes in patients with hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第3期23卷 486-495页

作者： Roland C Schelker Ana P Barreiros Christina Hart Wolfgang Herr ernst-Michael Jung Department of Internal Medicine III Hematology and OncologyUniversity Hospital of Regensburg93051 RegensburgGermany ernst-Michael Jung Department of RadiologyUniversity Hospital of Regensburg93051 RegensburgGermany

AIM To evaluated vascular dynamic processes in the liver of hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia(HHT) patients by ultrasound(US) considering quantitative analytic methods. METHODS The imaging features on US and contrast-enhanced ultrasound(CEUS) in 18 patients diagnosed with HHT were retrospectively analyzed. Regarding CEUS, realtime contrast harmonic imaging and sulfur hexafluoridefilled microbubbles were used. RESULTS HVa Ms were identified in all 18 patients. By US, the two major Caselitz criteria could be detected in 55.6% patients. "Color spots" were detected in 72.2% of the cases. Respecting sonographic grading criteria by Buscarini, grade 3 could be demonstrated most frequent(40%). By CEUS, all the patients showed quick and early hyperenhancement during the arterial phase. Significant lowest time to peak(TTP) and highest area under the curve(AUC) values were identified in the hepatic artery(TTP: 69.8%; AUC: 100%) and highest TTP and lowest AUC in the hepatic parenchyma and the portal vein. CONCLUSION For the first time we analyzed CEUS findings of a group of HHT patients regarding macro- and microcirculation. Our data demonstrate significant differences in TTP and AUC values in the four selected regions: hepatic artery, shunt region, portal vein and hepatic parenchyma.

关键词： Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia Intrahepatic shunts Contrast-enhanced ultrasound Time-intensity-curve

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Why Explore Space?

考试(双语读写) 2012年第10期 34-41页

作者： ernst Stuhlinger

1970年,赞比亚修女Mary Jucunda给ernst Stuhlinger博士写信问道:目前地球上还有这么多小孩子吃不上饭,他怎么能舍得为远在火星的项目花费数十亿美元。Stuhlinger很快给Jucunda修女回了信,他这封真挚的回信随后由NASA以《为什么要探索... 详细信息

1970年,赞比亚修女Mary Jucunda给ernst Stuhlinger博士写信问道:目前地球上还有这么多小孩子吃不上饭,他怎么能舍得为远在火星的项目花费数十亿美元。Stuhlinger很快给Jucunda修女回了信,他这封真挚的回信随后由NASA以《为什么要探索宇宙》为题发表。这篇略显"身高"的文章恐怕是《《悦读》栏目选文中为数不多的一篇长文。Stuhlinger博士在信中讲到了美国的财政预算分配、太空探索等等各方各面,不仅充分地回答了修女的疑问,更引人思考,思考人类探索的意义。

关键词： Why Explore Space

How do soil fauna and soil microbiota respond to beech forest growth?

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Current Zoology 2009年第4期55卷 272-278页

作者： Matthieu CHAUVAT Andrei S.ZAITSEV ernst GABRIEL Volkmar WOLTERS Department of Animal Ecology Justus Liebig University

The dynamics and performance of soil biota during forest rotation were studied in monoculture beech stands forming a chronosequence of four different age-classes(30,62,111,153 yr).Biomass was monitored in major groups of microflora,microfauna,mesofauna,and *** availability(litter layer,soil organic mater),biomass of the two dominant decomposer groups(microflora,earthworms)as well as the biomass of mesofauna and microfauna were found to remain quite stable during forest ***,the marked increase of the biomasses of primary decomposers(fungi,saprophagous macroinvertebrates)in the 62-year-old stand,followed by an increase of the biomasses of macropredators in the 111-year-old stand,indicate substantial changes of several components of edaphic communities during forest ***,constant values of soil respiration suggest that the overall performance of the soil food web does not change during beech forest ***,the decomposer system of lowland managed beech forests on calcareous soils seems to be very stable over *** suggest that earthworm activity might have masked impacts of forest development on other soil biota and led to an astounding stability of decomposer assemblages during beech forest rotation.

关键词： Beech Chronosequence Ecosystem performance Soil food-web Forest

Heart failure in very elderly population-a profile of heart failure in patients over the age of eighty

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2007年第1期4卷 20-24页

作者： Christopher V. Chien Dani Hackner ernst R. Schwarz Division of Cardiology and Comprehensive Transplant Center Department of Medicine Cedars Sinai Medical Center & University of California Los Angeles (UCLA) Los Angeles California USA

Objective Heart failure is an epidemic in the elderly, but there is a striking lack of data in this clinically important patient population. We investigated the demographics, cardiac performance, and medication management of a segment of the hospital popula- tion in at least their eighth decade of life. Methods We retrospectively reviewed 75 records of heart failure patients who were 80 years of age or older. Records were reviewed for demographic information, presence or absence of diastolic dysfunction, evaluation of ejection fraction, and medication usage including angiotensin-concerting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, angiotensin receptor antagonists (ARBs), beta-adrenergic blockers, digoxin, and aldosterone antagonists. Assessment for contra-indications to ACE inhibitor or ARBs use was also performed to assess co-morbidities that limit treatment of heart failure. Results The population of very elderly with heart failure is heterogeneous. We found a higher proportion of females as well as higher rates of diastolic dysfunction in patients aged ≥ 90 years compared to patients between the ages of 80-89 years. Usage of ACE inhibitors, ARBs and beta-adrenergic blockers was strikingly low throughout the very elderly population. While co-morbid conditions limited use of agents in many cases, there was a lack of explicit contra-indication in most patients not on an ACE inhibitor or an ARB. Conclusions Heart failure is not a single disease processes, but a continuum of disease processes that vary with age. The elderly with heart failure are an undertreated population, in part due to the multitude of co-morbidities that affect them. Further prospective studies are needed to better understand the physiology and ideal treatment regiment in this growing population.

关键词： heart failure elderly octogenarians nonagenarians centenarians

臭氧和好氧生物法处理污水处理厂出水的纳米过滤浓缩液

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中国环境科学 1998年第4期18卷 353-355页

作者：蹇兴超吴天宝 Mathias ernst 清华大学核能技术设计研究院德国柏林工业大学水质控制系

城市污水处理厂出水的纳米过滤浓缩液较难直接生物处理。臭氧氧化该浓缩液降低ＤＯＣ的速度较慢，但是可以有效地破坏该浓缩液中含苯环和有色基团的大分子有机物，显著增加小分子有机物的相对含量，从而增大其可生化降解性能。研究发现... 详细信息

城市污水处理厂出水的纳米过滤浓缩液较难直接生物处理。臭氧氧化该浓缩液降低ＤＯＣ的速度较慢，但是可以有效地破坏该浓缩液中含苯环和有色基团的大分子有机物，显著增加小分子有机物的相对含量，从而增大其可生化降解性能。研究发现臭氧的投量为５２ｍｇ／Ｌ左右时，臭氧化改善该纳米过滤浓缩液的可生化降解性能的效果最佳。

关键词：过滤氧化好氧生物处理污水处理厂废水处理

Establishment and characterization of cell lines from chromosomal instable colorectal cancer

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第1期21卷 164-176页

作者： Claudia Maletzki Michael Gock Martin Randow ernst Klar Maja Huehns Friedrich Prall Michael Linnebacher Section of Molecular Oncology and Immunotherapy University of RostockD-18057 RostockGermany Department of General Surgery University of RostockD-18057 RostockGermany Institute of Pathology University of RostockD-18057 RostockGermany

AIM: To generate novel tumor models for preclinicalvalidation of biomarkers that allow drug response prediction and individual therapeutic ***: Cell line establishment was conducted by both direct in vitro culturing and in vivo xenografting followed by in vitro culturing procedure.A comprehensive characterization was subsequently *** included quality control,consisting of the confirmation of human and colorectal cancer(CRC) origin by DNA fingerprint and epithelial cell adhesion molecule(EpC AM) staining,as well as mycoplasma and human virus *** analysis was done by light microscopy and multicolor flow *** examination(β-catenin and cytokeratin staining) was conducted in direct comparison to parental tumor *** molecular-pathological profiling included mutation analysis for CRC-associated driver mutations,assessment of chromosomal and microsatellite instability,and the grade of CpG island ***,an arraybased comparative genomic hybridization analysis was *** responsiveness was assessed for a panel of classical and novel substances in clinical use for the treatment of solid ***,tumorigenicity of the cell lines was tested by xenografting into immunocompromised nude ***: Herein we describe the establishment of three ultra-low passage cell lines from two individual patients suffering from sporadic *** cell line was derived directly from an early stage case(HROC18),whereas two cell lines could be established both direct from patient material and after xenografting from a late stage tumor(HROC32).All cell lines were free of contaminating mycoplasma and *** analysis allowed all cell lines to be classified as chromosomal instable(CIN+).They were aneuploid,with CpG island promoter methylation and microsatellite instability being *** following mutational profile was observed both in the cell lines and the parental t

关键词： Patient-derived tumor model Colorectal cancer Indi

The Definition of Density in General Relativity

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International Journal of Astronomy and Astrophysics 2017年第4期7卷 303-312页

作者： ernst Fischer Stolberg Germany

According to general relativity the geometry of space depends on the distribution of matter or energy fields. The relation between the local geometrical parameters and the volume enclosed in given limits varies with the distribution of matter. Thus properties like particle number, mass or energy density, defined in the Euclidean tangent space, cannot be integrated to give conserved integral data like total number, mass or energy. To obtain integral conservation, a correction term must be added to account for the curvature of space. For energy this correction term is the equivalent of potential energy in Newtonian gravitation. With this correction the formation of black holes in the sense of singularities by gravitational collapse does no longer occur and the so called dark energy finds its natural explanation as potential energy of matter itself.

关键词： Cosmology Gravitational Collapse Black Holes

Nociception at the diabetic foot,an uncharted territory

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World Journal of Diabetes 2015年第3期6卷 391-402页

作者： ernst A Chantelau Diabetic Foot Clinic Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf40001 DüsseldorfGermany

The diabetic foot is characterised by painless foot ulceration and/or arthropathy;it is a typical complication of painless diabetic *** depletes the foot skin of intraepidermal nerve fibre endings of the afferent A-delta and C-fibres,which are mostly nociceptors and excitable by noxious stimuli ***,some of them are cold or warm receptors whose functions in diabetic neuropathy have frequently been ***,it is well established by quantitative sensory testing that thermal detection thresholds at the foot skin increase during the course of painless diabetic *** perception(nociception),by contrast,has rarely been *** pilot studies of pinprick pain at plantar digital skinfolds showed that the perception threshold was always above the upper limit of measurement of 512 m N(equivalent to 51.2 g) at the diabetic ***,deep pressure pain perception threshold at musculus abductor hallucis was beyond 1400 k Pa(equivalent to 14 kg;limit of measurement) only in every fifth *** discrepancies of pain perception between forefoot and hindfoot,and between skin and muscle,demand further *** nociception at the feet in diabetes opens promising clinical perspectives.A critical nociception threshold may be quantified(probably corresponding to a critical number of intraepidermal nerve fibre endings),beyond which the individual risk of a diabetic foot rises *** of diabetic neuropathy according to nociception thresholds at the feet is highly desirable as guidance to an individualised injury prevention strategy.

关键词： Foot ulcer Neuroarthropathy Insensitivityto pain Pain perception Diabetes mellitus Amputation Diabetic neuropathy