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Petrochemical Comparison of 3.5 Ga Old Mafic Amphibolite Inclusions from Eastern Hebei Province with Archean Mafic-ultramafic Supracrustais of Uncertain Antiquity,Southern Jilin Eastern Liaoning Provinces,China

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Chinese Journal Of Geochemistry 1989年第2期8卷 97-111页

作者： W.G.ernst Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics Department of Earth and Space Sciences University of California Los Angeles California 90024-1567

New major element data for coexisting minerals and bulk-rock REE analyses,combined with previously obtained petrologic/geologic information,allow comparison of Archean mafic-ultramafic meta-igneous rocks from adjacent portions of northeastern Sino-Korean shield .Isotope data published by previous workers document an Early Archean age of formation for metabasaltic rocks now occurring as mafic amphibolite inclusions in tonalitic gneisses west of Bohai Bay(area).Mafic-ultramafic mineral assemblages developed in tonalitic gneisses west of Bohai Bay(areaA).Mafic-ultramafic mineral assemblages developed in amphibolite facies Archean supracrustals east of Bohai Bay(areaB)are chemically similar ,but pre-existing phase associations have been overprinted by the effects of several later metamorphic ***0peridotitic area B protoliths appear to be more magnesian ,averaging-12wt.%MgO(versus-7wt.%for area A),and are slightly less fractionated in REE concentrations relative to chondrites(La-Lu=30-8X versus 37-14X for area A),thus perhaps being more mantle-like than area A metabasaltic *** basaltic-komatiitic series east of Bohai Bay probably represents the most ancient crust of that region,being invaded by Archean tonalities,which were subsequently converted to *** observations are compatible with the hypothesis that ,similar to area A metabasaltic rocks now found as amphibolitic inclusions in orthogneisses,are B mafic supracrustals were formed during Early of Middle Archean time ,prior to widespread isofacial amphibolite facies metamorphism(600-700℃,5-7kb,low αH2O).

关键词：岩石化学辽宁河北闪岩包裹体太古代铁镁质超基性岩地质构造

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特高压设备对高压测试的挑战(英文)

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高电压技术 2011年第11期37卷 2617-2622页

作者： ernst Gockenbach Schering-Institut Leibniz Universitat Hannover Hannover

The increase of voltage level for AC and DC transmission systems requires some changes in the high voltage testing for Ultra High Voltage(UHV) *** a short description of the coordination work in the standardization bodies the requirements for UHV equipment are *** main points concerning high voltage testing of UHV equipment are the impulse shape of standard lightning impulse voltage,the evaluation of the test voltage for impulses with oscillations or overshoot near the peak and the time parameter of switching *** linearity check of the measuring devices,the proximity effect,the wet tests and the atmospheric correction factors are further points to be discussed concerning testing of UHV equipment.

关键词： UHV equipment testing AC lightning impulse voltage switching impulse wet test

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From micro-scale to technical dimension—Challenges in the simulation ofdense gas-particle flows

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Particuology 2009年第4期7卷 231-232页

作者： Joachim Werther ernst-Ulrich Hartge Jinghai Li Wei Ge Institute of Solids Process Engineering and Particle Technology Hamburg University of Technology Hamburg Germany State Key Laboratory of Multi-phase Complex Systems Institute of Process Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

Supported by the Sino-German Center for Research Promotion, an organization jointly founded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China （NSFC） and the German Research Foundation （DFG）, a joint Sino-German workshop on particle fluid systems was held for the fourth time on May 19-20, 2008 in Hamburg. Previous workshops were held on August 30-31, 1999 in Ham- burg,

关键词： From micro-scale to technical dimension EMMS Challenges in the simulation ofdense gas-particle flows

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Reactivity against microsatellite instability-induced frameshift mutations in patients with inflammatory bowel disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第1期21卷 221-228页

作者： Florian Kuehn ernst Klar Anja Bliemeister Michael Linnebacher Department of General ThoracicVascular and Transplantation SurgeryMolecular Oncology and ImmunotherapyUniversity of Rostock18057 RostockGermany

AIM: To analyze the cellular immune response towards microsatellite-instability(MSI)-induced frameshift-peptides(FSPs) in patients suffering from inflammatory bowel disease(IBD) with and without thiopurine-based immunosuppressive ***: Frequencies of peripheral blood T cell responses of IBD patients(n = 75) against FSPs derived from 14 microsatellite-containing candidate genes were quantified by interferon-γ enzyme-linked immunospot.T cells derived from 20 healthy individuals served as ***: Significant T cell reactivities against MSIinduced FSPs were observed in 59 of 75 IBD patients(78.7%).This was significantly more as we could observe in 20 healthy controls(P = 0.001).Overall,the reactivity was significantly influenced by thiopurine treatment(P = 0.032) and duration of disease(P = 0.002) but not by duration or cumulative amount of thiopurine therapy(P = 0.476).Unexpected,15 of 24(62.5%) IBD patients without prior thiopurine treatment also showed increased FSP-specific immune responses(P = 0.001).CONCLUSION: These findings propose FSPs as potential novel class of inflammation-associated antigens and this in turn may have implications for screening,diagnosis as well as clinical management of patients suffering from IBD and other inflammatory conditions.

关键词： Microsatellite-instability Inflammatory bowel dise

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Assessing stress conditions and impact velocities in fluidized bed opposed jet mills

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Particuology 2020年第6期18卷 12-22页

作者： Alexander Strobel Benedikt Koninger Stefan Romeis Florian Schott Karl-ernst Wirth Wolfgang Peukert Institute of Particle Technology(LFG) Friedrich-Alexander-Universitat Erlangen-NiirnbergCauerstrae 491058 ErlangenGermany

Fluidized bed opposed jet mills are capable of meeting the continuously growing dema nd for contamination-free fine *** this type of jet mill,the solid material is entrained and accelerated by expanding gas jets that are focused onto a focal point in side a fluidized *** resulting particle collisions induce *** process is affected by the relative particle velocities and the number of particle-particle ***,both quantities are ***,to date,neither relative particle velocities nor collision frequencies in such units have been *** present work introduces an innovative method to assess the stressing conditions in jet mills *** this end,mixtures of glass and ductile metal microspheres were used,with the latter employed in small ***-particle collisions between the aluminum and glass spheres lead to the formation of dents on the *** size and number of these dents are associated with the individual collision velocities and overall collision *** correlation between dent size and collision velocity was obtained from finite element calculations based on empirical *** proposed approach was validated using particle image velocimetry during secondary gas injection into a fluidized bed *** this case the effect of the distance between two opposed nozzles was *** a lab-scaled fluidized bed opposed jet mill the effects of gas pressure and hold-up were *** particle velocities were found to be sign ificantly lower tha n the gas velocities,while the nu mber of contacts per particle was determined to be extremely high.

关键词： Fluidized bed opposed jet mill Single particle probes Finite element modeling Stress number distribution Relative velocity distribution

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Romanian legal management rules limit wood production in Norway spruce and beech forests

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Forest Ecosystems 2017年第1期4卷 1-11页

作者： Olivier Bouriaud Gheorghe Marin Laura Bouriaud Dominik Hessenmoller ernst-Detlef Schulze National Forest Inventory National Research and Development Institute for Forestry INCDS Eroilor Bd. 128 Voluntari Romania University Stefan cel Mare Suceava RomaniaUniversitatii str.13Suceava 720229Romania. Department of Biogeochemical Processes Max Planck Institute for BiogeochemistryHans-Knoell-Str.10Jena 07745Germany

Background： The quantitative impact of forest management on forests＇ wood resource was evaluated for Picea and Fagus mixed forests. The effects on the productivity of tendering operations, thinnings and rotation length have seldom been directly quantified on landscape scale. Methods： Two sites of similar fertility but subject to contrasted forest management were studied with detailed inventories： one in Germany, the other in Romania, and compared with the respective national forest inventories. In Romania, regulations impose very long rotations, low thinnings and a period of no-cut before harvest. In contrast, tending and thinnings are frequent and intense in Germany. Harvests start much earlier and must avoid clear cutting but maintain a permanent forest cover with natural regeneration. While Germany has an average annual wood increment representative for Central Europe, Romania represents the average for Eastern Europe. Results： The lack of tending and thinning in the Romanian site resulted in twice as many trees per hectare as in the German site for the same age. The productivity in Romanian production forests was 20 % lower than in Germany despite a similar fertility. The results were supported by the data from the national forest inventory of each country, which confirmed that the same differential exists at country scale. Furthermore, provided the difference in rotation length, two crops are harvested in Germany when only one is harvested in Romania. The losses of production due to a lower level of management in Romania where estimated to reach 12.8 million m3.y-1 in regular mountain production forests, and to 15 million m3.y-1 if managed protection forest is included. Conclusions： The productivity of Picea and Fagus mountain forests in Romania is severely depressed by the lack of tending and thinning, by overly long rotations and the existence of a 25-years no-cut period prior to harvest. The average standing volume in Germany was 50 % lower than in Romania,

关键词： Forest management Forest productivity Legal rules Sylviculture Forest Operations Wood resource

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Do subtropical grasslands recover spontaneously after afforestation?

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2019年第2期12卷 228-234页

作者： Fábio Piccin Torchelsen Monica Cadenazzi Gerhard ernst Overbeck Departamento de Botânica Instituto de BiociênciasUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul-UFRGSAv.Bento Gonçalves 9500-Bloco IV-Prédio 43433Porto AlegreRSCEP 91501-970Brazil Facultad de Agronomía Universidad de La Republica-UdelaRPaysandúUruguay

Aims South American Pampa grasslands are habitats of great conservation interest,with a distinct and rich flora,but have been intensely con-verted to other land uses,including tree *** neces-sity for restoration grows,no information on restoration potential of grasslands after afforestation ***,we aim at analyzing composition and structure of grassland vegetation with a history of eucalyptus plantations in order to assess recovery potential of these *** hypothesized that areas with history of eucalyptus would differ from reference grasslands with no history of land-use change in terms of floristic and functional composition and would present lower species *** Our study region comprised four sites in the southeastern part of the Pampa biome,in the coastal plain in the extreme south of Brazil,always with sites with long(50 years)history of eucalyptus plantation and reference *** sampled vegetation at post-eucalyptus sites(with and without resprouting)10 years after clear-clutting and in natural *** analyzed data by analysis of variance and ordination techniques,considering compositional parameters and life forms,and indicator species *** Findings Species richness and vegetation cover were higher in reference grassland than in resprout areas but did not differ from post-eucalyp-tus *** species cover was significantly higher in areas with afforestation *** terms of total composition,natural grasslands differed significantly from areas with past plantation *** species analyses revealed considerable differences between grass-land *** conclusion,vegetation development led to grassland communities that are still quite distinct from reference ***,the specificity of grassland management has a high importance in defining vegetation trajectories in time and importance for grassland recovery,and restoration needs to be addressed in more studies.

关键词： Campos Sulinos conservation Pampa restoration southern Brazil vegetation management

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Plant diversity and community history shift colonization success from early- to mid-successional species

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2015年第3期8卷 231-241页

作者： Christiane Roscher Uta Gerighausen Bernhard Schmid ernst-Detlef Schulze UFZ Helmholtz Centre for Environmental ResearchDepartment of Community EcologyTheodor-Lieser-Strasse 4D-06120 HalleGermany Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry PO Box 100164D-07701 JenaGermany Institute of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies and Zurich-Basel Plant Science Center University of ZurichWinterthurerstrasse 1908057 ZurichSwitzerland

Aims Functional traits are supposed to play an important role in deter-mining the colonization success of new species into established ***-term experimental studies have documented higher resistance of more diverse grasslands against coloni-zation by new ***,little is known about which traits colonizers should have to successfully invade diverse plant communities in the longer term and how community his-tory may modify the resistance of diverse communities against *** In a grassland biodiversity experiment(Jena Experiment)established with different species richness(s;1,2,4,8 and 16)and functional group(Fg)number and composition(1 to 4;legumes,grasses,small herbs,tall herbs),we studied colonization of naturally dispersed species in split-plots(i)with different duration of weeding(never weeded,weeded for 3 or 6 years and then un-weeded for 1 year)and(ii)with different duration of colonization(7 years,4 years and 1 year after cessation of weeding).Important Findingsresistance against colonization by new species declined with increased duration of weeding(on average 13,17 and 22 col-onizer species in 1-,4-and 7-year-old communities,respec-tively).Communities established at low diversity accumulated more colonizer species with a longer duration of weeding than more diverse *** of colonization had only small effects on the number of colonizer *** with early successional traits,*** life cycle,reproduction by seeds,small seeds,long-lived seeds and an earlier start of a longer flowering period,were favoured in species-poor newly established experimental plant communities(short duration of weeding)and early after cessation of weeding(short duration of colonization).a change from early-to mid-successional traits,*** growth,perennial life cycle,vegetative reproduction,characterized colonization at increased plant diversity and in communities with legumes or without *** absence/gr

关键词： abundance-weighted community mean traits biodiversity colonization simple community mean traits species richness

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Left and right ventricular diastolic dysfunction and diastolic heart failure: does one lead to the other?

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2009年第1期6卷 3-10页

作者： Faramarz Tehrani Anita Phan ernst R. Schwarz Division of Cardiology Department of Medicine Cedars-Sinai Medical Center and University of California Los Angeles Los Angeles California Division of Cardiology Department of Medicine Cedars-Sinai Medical Center and University of California Los Angeles Los Angeles California Division of Cardiology Department of Medicine Cedars-Sinai Medical Center and University of California Los Angeles Los Angeles California

Background and Objective Diastolic dysfunction of the left ventricle is a mechanical abnormality diagnosed primarily by echocardiogram, and can be distinguished into three separate degrees based on the severity of reduction in passive compliance and active myocardial relaxation. Methods A literature search was performed for basic science studies, clinical studies and major practice guidelines on the subject of diastolic dysfunction and diastolic heart failure. Important findings were analyzed and correlated with regard to clinical relevance. Results Left ventricular diastolic dysfunction appears to compromise exercise tolerance and is believed to contribute to the pathophysiology in patients with diastolic heart failure. In the clinical setting, however, oftentimes no clear distinction is made between echocardiographically diagnosed diastolic dysfunction and diastolic heart failure, and adequate treatment recommendations are sparse and aimed to prevent worsening and progression of clinical symptoms. To date, there is a lack of high powered trials assessing the possible progression rate from echocardiographically diagnosed diastolic dysfunction to the clinical diagnosis of diastolic heart failure. Furthermore, there are no solid indices to assess the degree of severity of diastolic dysfunction or its progression. Pure right ventricular diastolic dysfunction appears to be even less understood and under-recognized, although it may play a role in the development of both right and left heart failure. Currently there are few but interesting data on the possible interaction between ventricles with diastolic dysfunction and the overall affect on the development of heart failure. Conclusions The timeline and progression of diastolic dysfunction to diastolic heart failure have not been well established and warrant further investigation.

关键词： Diastolic dysfunction diastolic heart failure left ventricular dysfunction heart failure cardiomyopathy

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INVESTIGATION INTO MALDISTRIBUTION IN A CIRCULATING FLUIDIZED BED

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China Particuology 2003年第4期1卷 145-150页

作者： QingjieGuo JoachimWerthe ernst-UlrichHartge StateKeyLaboratoryofHeavyOilProcessing CollegeofChemistryandChemicalEngineeringUniversityofPetroleumDongying250761.P.R.China ChemicalEngineeringI TechnicalUniversityHambur~ka~burcLDenickestr.15-21073Hamburo.Germanv

Experiments on maldistribution were conducted in a 8.5 m high, 1 m0.3 m cross-section circulating flu-idized bed equipped with a 33 bubble-cap distributor. There exists an uneven distribution in flow rate, the bubble caps in the center region having larger flow rates than those next to the wall. Flow resistance has been found to be the domi-nating factor influencing gas flow rate distribution. Increasing superficial gas velocity improves flow rate distribution for a low pressure-drop distributor. For a high pressure-drop distributor, superficial gas velocity has little effect on flow rate distribution. A ratio of maximum flow rate through a bubble cap to average flow rate through all bubble caps (Vmax/Vav) characterizes the flow rate distribution. Distributor-to-bed pressure drop ratio (DPd/DPr) is another necessary parameter to achieve even flow distribution. A correlation between these two ratios is developed for predicting flow rate maldistribution in CFB bubble-cap distributor.

关键词： circulating fluidized bed maldistribution bubble cap flow rate pressure drop

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