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Contribution to the Study of the Incidence of Post-Streptococcal Complications in Republic Central African Republic from 2015 to 2018

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Open Journal of Epidemiology 2024年第1期14卷 110-121页

作者： Zéphirin Dalengat Vogbia ernest Lango Yaya Jean De Dieu Longo Augustin Balekouzou Gaspard Tekpa Christian Maucler Pamaticka Stéphanie Judith N’Yetobouko Maurel Anicet Adonis Ouoko Fatigbia Christian Diamant Mossoro Kpindet Gérard Gresenguet Epidemiology and Research Service National Reference Center for Sexually Transmitted Infections and Anti-Retroviral Therapy Ministry of Health Bangui Central African Republic Direction of National Laboratory of Clinical Biology and Public Health Ministry of Health Bangui Central African Republic Training Project Manager and Heald of Public Departement Ministry of Health Bangui Central African Republic Faculty of Health Sciences Doctoral School of Human and Veterinary Health Sciences University of Bangui Bangui Central African Republic National Committee for the Fight against AIDS Primature Bangui Central African Republic Infectious Disease Department The Sino Central African Friendship University Hospital Center Bangui Central African Republic Epidemiology Department Bangui National University Hospital Center Bangui Central African Republic

Introduction: Acute rheumatic fever (AAR) is a non-suppurative complication of late infection by group A. Infections due to streptococci remain a public health problem in the Central African Republic. The present study aims to determine the incidence rate of AAR cases and its complications. Methodology: This was a retrospective and analytical study over a period of 4 years (from January 2015 to December 2018) at the National Laboratory of Clinical Biology and Public Health (LNBCSP) in Bangui. It focused on samples concerning the diagnosis of AAR and patient files seen in consultation in the capital’s reference health establishments. Laboratory registers and patient consultation files were used to collect data. They were entered into Excel 2010 to be analyzed with Epi Info 7. A univariate analysis by logistic regression, Ficher’s exact test, and chi2 at the 5% threshold (p Results: We analyzed 94 cases meeting Jones’s criteria. The ages of the patients ranged from 18 to 85 years (mean age 52 years and mode 45 years). The incidence rate of AAR for the female sex was higher than that of the male sex during the study period (p > 0.05). It went from 166.6 in 2015 to 200 in 2016 and 2018 cases of AAR per 1000 people per year. The average incidence rate was 296.18 cases of AAR per 1000 people per year. The average incidence rate was 223.5 cases of AAR per 1000 people per year for joint damage. Joint damage represented 80.85% (RR = 0.62;Chi2 = 4.88;95% CI [0.39-0.97];p Conclusion: The study allowed data on the impact rate and complications of the AAR in Bangui. Special attention to data management will help produce a complete result on the problem. Joint complications predominated. Sustaining an effective surveillance system and preventing infection would help reduce the risk of AAR occurrence.

关键词： Incidence Acute Joint Rheumatism Central African Republic

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Alternatives to left lateral sector in paediatric liver transplantation-a systematic review on monosegmental and reduced grafts

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Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2022年第4期11卷 567-576,I0005页

作者： Paschalis Gavriilidis ernest Hidalgo Department of Hepatopanceaticobiliary Surgery.Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust Hammersmith HospitalLondonUK Department of Hepato-Pancreatic-Biliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation Hospital Universitari Vall d’HebronBarcelonaSpain

Background: Paediatric liver transplantation (pLT) is the treatment of choice for many liver conditions. However, it still poses relevant challenges, mainly related to the size of the recipients. Unlike in adults, excessive graft volume might represent an issue when the estimated graft-recipient-weight-ratio (GRWR) is significantly disproportionate. In this situation, the traditional left lateral sector (LLS) grafts are too big and other alternatives are required, such as monosegmental or reduced (including hyper-reduced) grafts (RLLS/HRLLS). Results with conventional LLS-pLT are excellent and replicating them with monosegmental or RLLS is challenging given (I) the technical complexity and (II) the need to overcome the large-for-size scenario. This article is to review the existing experience with monosegmental, RLLS/HRLLS grafts and appraise its results. Methods: Systematic search of the electronic databases, conducted from their inception until May 2020. Results: After scrutiny of the available literature, 16 studies were included reporting 330 patients transplanted with monosegmental and RLLS/HRLLS grafts. There were 10 re-grafts (6 of them <90 days);90% of grafts were LDLT. Overall, median recipient’s age and weight were 7 months (range, 5 days-22 months) and 5.8 kg (range, 2.6-8 kg) respectively. Median graft weight was 209 grams (range, 124-264 grams) and median GRWR was 3.5% (range, 2.7-5.6%). Hepatic artery and portal vein thrombosis overall incidence were 1.5% and 4.2%;120 out of the 330 pLT were monosegmental (37%) producing a smaller graft (median of 164 grams) and accordingly a lower GRWR (median 3.2%) compared to reduced LLS. With a median follow-up of 39 months (range, 6-87 months), the overall graft and patient survival were 84% (285/340) and 89% (295/330). Discussion: Monosegmental and RLLS/HRLLS grafts provide access to liver transplantation for very small recipients with excellent results comparable to the standard LLS.

关键词： Monosegmental monosegment(MSG) reduced hyper-reduced left lateral sector graft liver transplantation

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Mass Screening Using Antigenic and Molecular Diagnostic Tests of COVID-19 in Bangui at the Beginning of the Second Wave in July 2021

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Journal of Tuberculosis Research 2024年第1期12卷 1-12页

作者： Clotaire Donatien Rafaï Marie-Roseline Darnycka Belizaire Pierre Somse Wilfrid Sylvain Nambei ernest Lango-Yaya Oscar Senzongo Luc Salva Hereidebona Ulrich Jeffrey Kotemossoua Rabbi Mermoz Senekian Simon Pounguinza Christian-Diamant Mossoro-Kpinde Alain Le Faou Jean De Dieu Longo François-Xavier Mbopi-Keou Gérard Grésenguet Boniface Koffi National Laboratory of Clinical Biology and Public Health Bangui Central African Republic Faculty of Health Sciences University of Bangui Bangui Central African Republic World Health Organization Bangui Central African Republic Ministry of Health and Population Bangui Central African Republic Faculty of Medicine Maieutic and Health Sciences University of Lorraine Pole Brabois Santé Nancy France Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaounde I Yaounde Cameroun

Objective: COVID-19 surveillance was established as early as March 2020 in the Central African Republic (CAR), after the WHO statement relating to the identification of several cases outside China. However, given the non-performing molecular biology technical platform in many developing countries in sub-Saharan Africa, the second wave promised to be surprising and formidable. In this context, a mass survey was launched in Bangui to determine the prevalence of COVID-19. Patients and Methods: From March 18 to April 2, 2021, a mass screening campaign took place in tourist places, companies and the main hospital infrastructures. Nasopharyngeal swab samples were collected from participants with and without symptoms of Influenza-like illness (ILI) and stored in VTM tubes. The Ag (COVID-19) and RT-PCR tests were carried out in Bangui at the LNBCSP. The sequencing of RT-PCR SARS-CoV-2 positives was carried out at the INRB. Results: We included 1480 participants of whom 33 (2.23%) were SARS-COV-2 positive, of whom 24 were male and 9 female. This sex difference was statistically significant (p = 0.012) as the sex ratio M/F was 1.09. Sampling sites located in the 1st arrondissement were the most prolific (p = 0.006) and were sequenced. In addition to the analysis of the 33 samples from the predefined sites under study, 17 control sequences from the provinces generated during the same period are added. We detected 2 Variants Of Concern (VOC) including the predominant B.1.620 (43.86%) followed by B.1.1.7 or Alpha (5.10%). Conclusion: The study showed the importance of surveillance and the availability of means of diagnosis of COVID-19. The identified risk factors were sex and sampling site. This study has shown the importance of setting up sentinel sites for COVID-19 surveillance in all regions of the country and the appropriate use of the anti-COVID-19 vaccine.

关键词： COVID-19 Variants Central African Republic

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Nexus between selected macroeconomic variables and carbon emission in Kenya

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Regional Sustainability 2022年第3期3卷 233-243页

作者： James NJUMWA ernest SAINA Alfred SEREM Agricultural Economics and Resource Management Moi UniversityEldoret30100Kenya

Agriculture is not only influenced by climate change,but it is also one of the significant contributors of CO_(2) *** CO_(2) emission and macroeconomic variables is critical to solving the challenges and threats faced by Kenya’s agriculture and *** study used the Environmental Kuznets Curve(EKC)hypothesis and the autoregressive distribution lag model(ADLM)to analyze the relationships of CO_(2) emission with agricultural output,government direct investment,trade openness,and inflation rate in Kenya from 1983 to *** study found that there exists a positive(direct)relationship between CO_(2) emission and foreign direct investment in the long run in ***,CO_(2) emission and trade openness have a negative(indirect)and statistically significant relationship after the error correction term adjustment in the long ***,the relationship between CO_(2) emission and agricultural output is positive(direct)and statistically significant in the long *** is a positive(direct)and statistically insignificant relationship between CO_(2) emission and inflation rate in the short ***,the EKC hypothesis indicated that the Kenya’s economy is still on the environmental degradation trade-off through the gradual increase of both CO_(2) emission and agricultural *** results are important to Kenya’s economy because the derived insights will assist in relevant departments to formulate sustainable strategies to minimize environmental degradation.

关键词： CO_(2)emission Agricultural output Foreign direct investment Trade openness Inflation rate Environmental Kuznets Curve(EKC) Autoregressive distribution lag model (ADLM)

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Combating the global spread of poverty-related Monkeypox outbreaks and beyond

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2022年第4期11卷 4-8页

作者： ernest Tambo Ashwaq M.Al-Nazawi Africa Disease Intelligence Preparedness and ResponseYaoundeCameroon Depatment Public Health Faculty of MedicineUniversite des MontagnesBangangteCameroon Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases Department Public Health DirectorateMinistry of HealthJeddah 22246Saudi Arabia

The current unprecedented Monkeypox outbreaks emergence and spread on non-endemic countries has led to over 3413 laboratory confirmed cases and one death,and yet,does not constitute a public health emergency of international concern as June 23th *** urgently call for collective regional and global partnership,leadership commitment and investment to rapidly strengthen and implement Monkeypox World Health Organization outbreak Preparedness and emergency response actions plans implementation against Monkeypox *** the importance of human-animal-environment interface and transmission dynamics,fostering global and regional One Health approach partnership and multisectoral collaboration programs have timely and robust sustained investment benefits on poverty-linked Monkeypox and other emerging epidemics population-based programs,while leveraging from lessons *** forward requires addressing priority research questions listed and closing the knowledge gaps for Monkeypox and others neglected tropical diseases roadmap implementation in vulnerable and at risk countries.

关键词： Monkeypox Outbreak Neglected tropical diseases Poverty One Health Preparedness Emergency response Vaccination Research

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Assessment of aerobic biodegradation of lower-chlorinated benzenes in contaminated groundwater using field-derived microcosms and compound-specific carbon isotope fractionation

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2022年第8期34卷 204-213页

作者： Alba Trueba-Santiso Jordi Palau Jesica M.Soder-Walz Teresa Vicent ernest Marco-Urrea Department of Chemical Biological and Environmental EngineeringUniversitat Autonoma de Barcelona(UAB)08193 BellaterraSpain MAiMA group SGR Applied MineralogyGeochemistry and GeomicrobiologyDepartment of MineralogyPetrology and Applied GeologyFaculty of Earth SciencesUniversitat de Barcelona(UB)MartiFranques s/n08028 BarcelonaSpain

Biodegradation of lower chlorinated benzenes(tri-, di-and monochlorobenzene) was assessed at a coastal aquifer contaminated with multiple chlorinated aromatic hydrocarbons. Field-derived microcosms, established with groundwater from the source zone and amended with a mixture of lower chlorinated benzenes, evidenced biodegradation of monochlorobenzene(MCB) and 1,4-dichlorobenzene(1,4-DCB) in aerobic microcosms,whereas the addition of lactate in anaerobic microcosms did not enhance anaerobic reductive dechlorination. Aerobic microcosms established with groundwater from the plume consumed several doses of MCB and concomitantly degraded the three isomers of dichlorobenzene with no observable inhibitory effect. In the light of these results, we assessed the applicability of compound stable isotope analysis to monitor a potential aerobic remediation treatment of MCB and 1,4-DCB in this site. The carbon isotopic fractionation factors(ε) obtained from field-derived microcosms were-0.7‰ ± 0.1 ‰ and-1.0‰ ± 0.2 ‰ for MCB and1,4-DCB, respectively. For 1,4-DCB, the carbon isotope fractionation during aerobic biodegradation was reported for the first time. The weak carbon isotope fractionation values for the aerobic pathway would only allow tracing of in situ degradation in aquifer parts with high extent of biodegradation. However, based on the carbon isotope effects measured in this and previous studies, relatively high carbon isotope shifts(i.e., Δδ13C > 4.0 ‰) of MCB or 1,4-DCB in contaminated groundwater would suggest that their biodegradation is controlled by anaerobic reductive dechlorination.

关键词： Groundwater Isotope fractionation Chlorobenzenes Aerobic biodegradation Anaerobic reductive dehalogenation Natural attenuation

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Terlipressin versus placebo in living donor liver transplantation

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2022年第1期21卷 76-79页

作者： Paschalis Gavriilidis ernest Hidalgo Robert P Sutcliffe Keith J Roberts Department of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary and Liver Transplant surgery Queen Elizabeth University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation TrustBirmingham B152THUK Department of Hepato-Pancreatico-Biliary Surgery and Transplantation Hospital Universitari Vall d’HebronBarcelona 08035Spain

To the Editor:Terlipressin is a long-acting synthetic analogue of vasopressin,demonstrating several potential benefits in the context of living donor liver transplantation(LDLT).During the recipient hepatec-tomy,terlipressin reduces the portal ***,it may mitigate the extent of bowel congestion following portal vein *** decreasing portal hyperperfusion and hypertension,it protects the graft from further injury and improves renal blood flow.

关键词： donor liver Terlipressin

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Evaluation of IoT Measurement Solutions from a Metrology Perspective

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Computer Systems Science & Engineering 2023年第11期47卷 2455-2479页

作者： Donatien Koulla Moulla ernest Mnkandla Alain Abran School of Computing University of South AfricaJohannesburg1709South Africa Department of Fundamental Sciences University of MarouaMaroua46Cameroun Department of Software Engineering and Information Technology École de Technologie SupérieureMontréalH3C 1K3Canada

To professionally plan and manage the development and evolution of the Internet of Things(IoT),researchers have proposed several IoT performance measurement *** performance measurement solutions can be very valuable for managing the development and evolution of IoT systems,as they provide insights into performance issues,resource optimization,predictive maintenance,security,reliability,and user ***,there are several issues that can impact the accuracy and reliability of IoT performance measurements,including lack of standardization,complexity of IoT systems,scalability,data privacy,and *** previous studies proposed several IoT measurement solutions in the literature,they did not evaluate any individual one to figure out their respective measurement strengths and *** study provides a novel scheme for the evaluation of proposed IoT measurement solutions using a metrology-coverage evaluation based on evaluation theory,metrology principles,and software measurement best *** evaluation approach was employed for 12 IoT measure categories and 158 IoT measurement solutions identified in a Systematic Literature Review(SLR)from 2010 to *** metrology coverage of these IoT measurement solutions was analyzed from four perspectives:across IoT categories,within each study,improvement over time,and implications for IoT practitioners and *** criteria in this metrology-coverage evaluation allowed for the identification of strengths and weaknesses in the theoretical and empirical definitions of the proposed IoT measurement *** found that the metrological coverage varies significantly across IoT measurement solution categories and did not show improvement over the 2010–2021 *** findings can help practitioners understand the limitations of the proposed measurement solutions and choose those with stronger *** evaluation results can also be used by researchers to improve current Io

关键词： Internet of Things IoT measurement solutions software engineering measurement metrology metrics

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Sedimentary facies and textural characteristics of Cretaceous sandstones in the southern Bida Basin,Nigeria:Implication for reservoir potential and depositional environment

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Energy Geoscience 2022年第3期3卷 323-341页

作者： Godwin Okumagbe Aigbadon Simon Dalom Christopher ernest Orji Akudo Obinna Chigoziem Akakuru Department of Geology Faculty of SciencesFederal University LokojaKogi StateNigeria Department of Geology School of Physical SciencesFederal University of TechnologyOwerriImo StateNigeria

A study of sedimentary facies,mineral and textural characteristics of sections of conglomerates/pebbles and sandstone facies found within the Lokoja and Patti Formations in southern Bida Basin,Nigeria,is carried out to evaluate the paleo-environment and reservoir quality of the sandstones of the formations through field observations and textural and mineralogical(using X-Ray Diffractogram)*** lithofacies are identified and grouped into three main facies *** sedimentary facies suggest deposition in both foreshore and *** mineral analysis(XRD)shows that the quartz content in sandstone facies of the Lokoja Formation ranges between 49%and 67%,and that of the Patti Sandstone between 43%and 56%,indicating a quartz *** granulometric studies reveal that the Lokoja Formation comprises coarse-to medium-grained(-0.63 to 1.30φ)sandstone with moderatepoor sorting of *** the other hand,medium to fine-grained sandstones dominate the Patti Formation,which is averagely poorly sorted(1.29-1.54φ).The sandstones are coarsely skewed to finely skewed,with the kurtosis ranging from very platykurtic to *** results of the pebbles from both Lokoja and Patti Formations indicate that the study areas are mainly characterized by the interplay of both wave and fluvial processes,which suggests that the environment of deposition of sandstone facies is predominantly of the fluvial to the shallow marine environment with the indication of tidal *** sedimentary facies and textural results suggests subtidal sand ridge/foreshore,estuarine mudflat,and estuarine delta environments with fluvial *** from the textural and mineral characteristics indicate that the sandstone facies of the Lokoja and Patti Formations are fairly matured and can act as potential hydrocarbon reservoirs in the *** facies,XRD mineral,and textural results have revealed potential hydrocarbon reservoir areas and pale

关键词： Fluvial and tidal environments Lithofacies and textural characteristics Reservoir quality Cretaceous sandstone Southern Bida Basin

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Factors associated with subsequent surgery after septic arthritis of the knee in children

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World Journal of Clinical Pediatrics 2023年第2期12卷 38-44页

作者： Jennifer Marie O’Donnell ernest Ekunseitan Ishaan Swarup Orthopaedic Surgery University of California San FranciscoSan FranciscoCA 94143United States Medical School University of California San FranciscoSan FranciscoCA 94143United States Pediatric Orthopaedic Surgery UCSF Benioff Children’s HospitalOaklandCA 94609United States

BACKGROUND Septic arthritis of the knee in children is a challenging *** debridement is an established treatment,but there is a paucity of literature on long-term *** To determine the rates and factors associated with return to surgery(RTS)and readmission after index surgical debridement for septic arthritis of the knee in *** This is a retrospective cohort study that utilizes data from the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project(HCUP).We included patients between ages 0 to 18 years that underwent surgical debridement for septic arthritis of the knee between 2005 and *** data included age,gender,race,hospital type and insurance *** data including index admission length of stay(LOS)and Charlson Comorbidity Index(CCI)were available from the HCUP *** statistics were used to summarize the data and univariate and multivariate analyses were *** Nine-hundred thirty-two cases of pediatric septic knee were *** cohort was 62.3%male,with mean age of 9.0(±6.1)*** 46%of patients were white and approximately half had Medicaid ***-six patients(3.6%)required RTS at a minimum of 2 year after index surgery,and 172 patients(18.5%)were readmitted at any *** mean readmission LOS was 11.6(±11.3)*** CCI was associated with RTS(P=0.041).There were no significant associations in age,gender,race,insurance type,or type of hospital to which patients *** analysis showed that both increased CCI(P=0.008)and shorter LOS(P=0.019)were predictive of *** Septic arthritis of the knee is an important condition in *** CCI was associated with RTS at a minimum of 2 years after index *** association was found with age,gender,race,insurance type,or hospital *** LOS and CCI were associated with RTS in multivariate ***,risk of subsequent surgery and readmission after pediatric septic knee arthritis is lo

关键词： Septic arthritis knee Orthopaedic surgery Infection Osteomyelitis Debridement

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