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levels and Sources of Atmospheric Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Surrounding an Oil Refinery in Curacao

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2019年第3期10卷 431-453页

作者： erin l.pulster Giffe Johnson Dave Hollander James McCluskey Raymond Harbison Mote Marine laboratory SarasotaFLUSA College of Public Health University of South FloridaTampaFLUSA College of Marine Science University of South FloridaSt.PetersburgFLUSA

This research measured ambient levels of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) surrounding a petrochemical complex on the island of Curacao using passive air sampling. In addition, source elucidation of PAHs was conducted using concentration profiles, distribution profiles, binary diagnostic ratios and factor analysis. Passive air samplers with polyurethane foam collection disks (PAS-PUFs) were deployed in 2011 (n = 43) and in 2014 (n = 30) to evaluate the extent of the emission plume as well as spatial and temporal differences in ambient PAH concentrations. In general, ambient PAH concentrations in Curacao were consistent with other urban and industrialized regions of the world;however, the levels measured downwind of Isla Refineriá petrochemical complex were among some of the highest reported ambient PAHs globally. Ambient PAH concentrations ranged from 1.2 to 790 ng/m3 in 2011 and 27 to 660 ng/m3 in 2014, demonstrating no temporal differences. However, significant spatial differences were detected between samples collected upwind and downwind of the petrochemical complex. Significantly higher ambient PAH concentrations were found in the samples collected downwind of the petrochemical complex compared to those upwind in 2014

关键词： Petrochemical Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Curacao Passive Air Sampling Diagnostic Ratios

Assessment of Inhalable Particulate Matter Associated with a Refinery in Curacao

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2018年第10期9卷 1113-1128页

Inhalation and atmospheric pollution studies have focused on particulate matter due to correlations and associations with various morbidities and mortalities. This research analyzed ambient concentrations of inhalable particulate matter (PM10) on the island of Curaçao in order to evaluate through comparative literature analysis and recommended public health guidelines the potential health risks. Available hourly, daily and monthly PM10 measurements were accessed from June 2010 through December 2014 from a local air monitoring station in Willemstad. Mean annual concentrations of PM10 (31 - 122 μg/m3) in Curaçao are among the highest reported globally, demonstrating an increasing trend over time and exceed current public health guidelines recommended by local and international agencies. While the epidemiological evidence is inadequate to infer a causal association between health effects and long-term exposures of the measured PM10 concentrations, the results indicate that emissions controls are not adequate for compliance with international exposure standards.

关键词： Inhalable Particulate Matter PM_(10) Curacao Refineries

Cognitive function among military veterans with STEM occupations

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Military Medical Research 2024年第2期11卷 308-310页

作者： Justin T.McDaniel Kevin N.Hascup erin R.Hascup Ugochukwu G.Ezigbo Amanda M.Weidhuner Harvey Henson David l.Albright Dale and Deborah Smith Center for Alzheimer's Research and trEatment(CARE) Southern Illinois University School of MedicineSpringfieldIL 62794USA STEM Education Research Center Southern Illinois UniversityCarbondaleIL 62901USA Department of Political Science The University of AlabamaTuscaloosaAL 35487USA

Dear Editor,There is limited research on the relationship between science,technology,engineering,and mathematics(STEM)occupational history and cognitive function in later life,especially among military veterans,who may be at greater risk for later-life cognitive decline.This study examines a nationally representative sample of military veterans to address this gap in knowledge.

关键词： Alzheimer's disease Veterans Science technology engineering and mathematics(STEM) Animal fluency test Dementia

Metabolic reprogramming of glial cells as a new target for central nervous system axon regeneration

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Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第5期17卷 997-998页

作者： erin l.Walden Shuxin li Shriners Hospitals Pediatric Research Center Department of Neural SciencesLewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple UniversityPhiladelphiaPAUSA

After central nervous system(CNS)injury,severed axons fail to regenerate and their disconnections to the original targets result in permanent functional deficits in patients(Mahar and Cavalli,2018).Both the diminished intrinsic regenerative capacity of mature neurons and the inhibitory CNS milieu contribute to the regenerative failure following CNS injury.

关键词： programming system permanent

Elite,transformable haploid inducers in maize

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The Crop Journal 2024年第1期12卷 314-319页

作者： Brent Delzer Dawei liang David Szwerdszarf Isadora Rodriguez Gonzalo Mardones Sivamani Elumalai Francine Johnson Samson Nalapalli Rachel Egger erin Burch Kerry Meier Juan Wei Xiujuan Zhang Huaping Gui Huaibing Jin Huan Guo Kun Yu Yubo liu Becky Breitinger Ana Poets Jason Nichols Wan Shi David Skibbe Qiudeng Que Timothy Kelliher Seeds Development Syngenta SeedsJanesvilleWI 53546USA Seeds Research Syngenta Biotechnology China Co.Ltd.Beijing 102206China Centro de Investigación de Cultivos Arica Syngenta R&DArica 1000000Chile Syngenta S.A. Proyecto la SoledadGraneros 2880000Chile Seeds Research Syngenta Crop Protection LLCRTPNC 27709USA Seeds Development Syngenta SeedsSlaterIA 50244USA

The introduction of alleles into commercial crop breeding pipelines is both time consuming and costly.Two technologies that are disrupting traditional breeding processes are doubled haploid(DH)breeding and genome editing(GE).Recently,these techniques were combined into a GE trait delivery system called HI-Edit(Haploid Inducer-Edit).In HI-Edit,the pollen of a haploid inducer line is reprogrammed to deliver GE traits to any variety,obviating recurrent selection.For HI-Edit to operate at scale,an efficient transformable HI line is needed,but most maize varieties are recalcitrant to transformation,and haploid inducers are especially difficult to transform given their aberrant reproductive behaviors.leveraging marker assisted selection and a three-tiered testing scheme,we report the development of new Iodent and Stiff Stalk maize germplasm that are transformable,have high haploid induction rates,and exhibit a robust,genetically-dominant anthocyanin native trait that may be used for rapid haploid identification.We show that transformation of these elite‘‘HI-Edit”lines is enhanced using the BABYBOOM and WUSCHEl morphogenetic factors.Finally,we evaluate the HI-Edit performance of one of the lines against both Stiff Stalk and non-Stiff Stalk testers.The strategy and results of this study should facilitate the development of commercially scalable HI-Edit systems in diverse crops.

关键词： Zea mays l Doubled haploids Transformation Genome editing QTl

Revisiting classical SIR modelling in light of the COVID-19 pandemic

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Infectious Disease Modelling 2023年第1期8卷 72-83页

作者： leonid Kalachev erin l.landguth Jon Graham Mathematical Sciences University of MontanaMissoulaUSA Center for Population Health Research School of Public and Community Health SciencesUniversity of MontanaMissoulaUSA

Background:Classical infectious disease models during epidemics have widespread usage,from predicting the probability of new infections to developing vaccination plans for informing policy decisions and public health responses.However,it is important to correctly classify reported data and understand how this impacts estimation of model parameters.The COVID-19 pandemic has provided an abundant amount of data that allow for thorough testing of disease modelling assumptions,as well as how we think about classical infectious disease modelling paradigms.Objective:We aim to assess the appropriateness of model parameter estimates and preiction results in classical infectious disease compartmental modelling frameworks given available data types(infected,active,quarantined,and recovered cases)for situations where just one data type is available to fit the model.Our main focus is on how model prediction results are dependent on data being assigned to the right model compartment.Methods:We first use simulated data to explore parameter reliability and prediction capability with three formulations of the classical Susceptible-Infected-Removed(SIR)modelling framework.We then explore two applications with reported data to assess which data and models are sufficient for reliable model parameter estimation and prediction accuracy:a classical influenza outbreak in a boarding school in England and COVID-19 data from the fall of 2020 in Missoula County,Montana,USA.Results:We demonstrated the magnitude of parameter estimation errors and subsequent prediction errors resulting from data misclassification to model compartments with simulated data.We showed that prediction accuracy in each formulation of the classical disease modelling framework was largely determined by correct data classification versus misclassification.Using a classical example of influenza epidemics in an England boarding school,we argue that the Susceptible-Infected-Quarantined-Recovered(SIQR)model is more appropriate than the commonly employed SIR model given the

关键词： Basic disease reproduction number Communicable disease control Coronavirus COVID-19 Disease transmission Epidemics Epidemiology Influenza data Mathematical models Montana SIR models

Self-reported physical functioning,cardiometabolic health conditions, and healthcare utilization patterns in Million Veteran Program enrollees with Traumatic Brain Injury Screening and Evaluation Program data

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Military Medical Research 2023年第5期10卷 587-598页

作者： Alexandra l.Clark Makenna B.McGill erin D.Ozturk David M.Schnyer Catherine Chanfreau‑Cofnier Victoria C.Merritt Research Service VA San Diego Healthcare System(VASDHS)San DiegoCA92161USA Department of Psychology The University of Texas at AustinAustinTX 78712USA San Diego State University/University of CaliforniaSan Diego Joint Doctoral Program San DiegoCA 92120USA VA Informaticsand Computing Infrastructure(VINCI) VA Salt Lake City Health Care SystemSalt Lake CityUT 84148USA Department of Psychiatry School of MedicineUniversity of California San DiegoLa JollaCA 29093USA Center of Excel‑lence for Stress and Mental Health VASDHSSan Diego 92161USA

Background Examining the health outcomes of veterans who have completed the United States Veterans Health Administration’s(VHA’s)Traumatic Brain Injury(TBI)Screening and Evaluation Program may aid in the refinement and improvement of clinical care initiatives within the VHA.This study compared self-reported physical functioning,cardiometabolic health conditions,and health care utilization patterns in Million Veteran Program enrollees with TBI Screening and Evaluation Program data(collected between 2007 and 2019),with the goal of enhancing understanding of potentially modifiable health conditions in this population.Methods In this observational cohort study,veterans(n=16,452)were grouped based on the diagnostic outcome of the TBI Screening and Evaluation Program:1)negative TBI screen(Screen^(-));2)positive TBI screen but no confirmed TBI diagnosis[Screen^(+)/Comprehensive TBI Evaluation(CTBIE)^(-)];or 3)positive TBI screen and confirmed TBI diagnosis(Screen^(+)/CTBIE^(+)).Chi-square tests and analysis of covariance were used to explore group differences in physical functioning,cardiometabolic health conditions,and health care utilization patterns,and logistic regressions were used to examine predictors of Screen^(+/-)and CTBIE^(+/-)group status.Results The results showed that veterans in the Screen^(+)/CTBIE^(-)and Screen^(+)/CTBIE^(+)groups generally reported poorer levels of physical functioning(P’slic health conditions(P’slth care utilization(P’s0.5)compared with the Screen-group;however,health outcomes were generally comparable between the Screen^(+)/CTBIE^(-)and Screen^(+)/CTBIE^(+)groups.Follow-up analyses confirmed that while physical functioning,hypertension,stroke,healthcare utilization,and prescription medication use reliably distinguished between the Screen-and Screen^(+)groups(P’sly physical functioning distinguished between the Screen^(+)/CTBIE^(-)and Screen^(+)/CTBI

关键词： Traumatic brain injury(TBI)screen Comprehensive TBI Evaluation(CTBIE) Health outcomes Cardiometabolichealth Veterans Million Veteran Program(MVP)

In situ mass spectrometry of autoimmune liver diseases

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2011年第3期8卷 237-242页

作者： Christopher l Bowlus erin H Seeley Joanna Roder Julia Grigorieva Heinrich Roder Richard M Caprioli M Eric Gershwin Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology University of CaliforniaDavisCAUSA Mass Spectrometry Research Center Vanderbilt University School of MedicineNashvilleTNUSA Biodesix Steamboat SpringsCOUSA Division of Clinical Immunology Allergy and RheumatologyUniversity of CaliforniaDavisCAUSA

Primary biliary cirrhosis(PBC),primary sclerosing cholangitis(PSC)and autoimmune hepatitis(AIH)are the major forms of autoimmune liver diseases each characterized by the destruction of a specific liver cell type and the presence of differing auto-antibodies.We took a proteomic approach utilizing in situ matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry(MAlDI MS)to obtain profiles directly from liver samples of patients with PBC,PSC,AIH and controls.The ability to precisely localize the region for acquisition of MAlDI MS allowed us to obtain profiles from bile ducts,inflammatory infiltrates and hepatocytes from each biopsy sample.Analysis tools developed to identify peaks and compare peaks across diseases and cell types were used to develop models to classify the samples.Using an initial set of testing samples from PBC patients and controls,we identified unique peaks present in bile ducts,inflammatory infiltrates and hepatocytes that could classify samples in a validation cohort with 88–91%accuracy.Interestingly,profiles of PSC and AIH did not differ significantly from PBC.Identification of proteins in these peaks may represent novel autoantigens or effector molecules.These findings illustrate the potential of a proteomic approach to autoimmune diseases with in situ MAlDI MS.

关键词： autoimmune hepatitis mass spectrometry primary biliary cirrhosis primary sclerosing cholangitis

Soil resource availability and its effect on the ecophysiology and establishment of Stipa pulchra

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2019年第4期12卷 603-614页

作者： Robert l.Fitch erin J.Questad Edward G.Bobich Department of Biological Sciences California State Polytechnic UniversityPomona3801 West Temple Avenue PomonaCA 91768USA

Aims The objectives of this study were to(i)determine the importance of soil moisture and soil nitrogen availability as resource requirements for the establishment of Stipa pulchra,(ii)to examine how changes in slope within a local habitat can affect the accumulation of soil moisture and soil nitrogen and(iii)to measure the physiological re-sponses of S.pulchra among such slope locations.Methods The field experiment occurred in the San JoséHills of Southern California on the California State Polytechnic University,Pomona campus.Plots were established within three different slope loca-tions(shallow,moderate and steep)within four separate canyons.Three nitrogen treatments(ambient,addition and removal)were replicated within each slope location for all four canyons,and five S.pulchra plants were planted in each plot.Soil nitrogen accumula-tion and soil moisture,as well as other abiotic variables,were meas-ured across the varied slope locations and nitrogen treatments.We measured the cover,stress,and reproduction of S.pulchra plants for 2 years and used a mesocosm experiment to determine how S.pul-chra responds to varying water and nitrogen availability.Important Findings Stipa pulchra had a strong positive response to the wettest watering treatment and a weak response to nitrogen addition in the meso-cosm experiment.In the field experiment,S.pulchra responded positively in moderate slope locations and did not respond to ni-trogen treatments,possibly due to drought.Field patterns of soil moisture were driven by slope,soil compaction and solar radi-ation.Soil nitrogen accumulation did not vary among slope lo-cations.For restoration of S.pulchra,priority should be placed on managing soil moisture availability and determining suitable edaphic factors.

关键词： establishment ecophysiology slope soil moisture soil properties nitrogen deposition