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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2019年第3期8卷 273-279页

作者： Jennifer Brunei Jeffrey Gaudet Erin K.Wing Mathieu Bélanger School of Human kinetics University of Ottawa Institut du Savoir Montfort (ISM) H?pital Montfort Cancer Therapeutic Program Ottawa Hospital Research Institute (OHRI) Centre de formation medicale du Nouveau-Brunswick Universite de Moncton Centre de formation médicale du Nouveau-Brunswick Université de Moncton

Purpose: We aimed to examine the longitudinal associations between parents' and youth's participation in physical activity(PA).Methods-: One hundred and ninety youth cuompleted self-admitiistered questionnaires 3 times per year from 2011 to 2015, and their parents completed an interviewer-administered questionnaire during a telephone interview once in2011-2012. Data on youth's and parents' activities were classified as interdependent or coactive/imdependent.Results: Youth with one or both parents who participated in interdependent activities were more likely to maintain participation in interdependent activities(hazard ratio(HR) = 3.63: 95% confidence interval(CI) = 1.30-10.17). Youth's sustained participation in coactive/independent activities was not associated with parents' participation in coactive/independent activities(HR= 0.97; 95%CI=0.46-2.06).Conclusion: Longitudinal associations between parents' and youth's participation in PA differed across type of PA. Encouraging parents' participation in interdependent activities may promote sustained participation in interdependent activities in youth.

关键词： Longitudinal Maintenance Parental behavior Physical activity Sports Youth

Predicting the dynamics of local adaptation in invasive species

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Journal of Arid Land 2013年第3期5卷 268-274页

作者： erin k ESPELAND USDA-ARS Pest Management Research Unit Sidney MT 59270USA

An invasive plant species may restrict its spread to only one type of habitat, or, after some time, may continue to spread into a different, often stressful, secondary, habitat. The question of whether evolution is required for an invasive species to spread from one habitat to another is currently hotly debated. In order for local adaptation to occur, genetic variation must be present within invasive populations. In this paper, I focus on the effect of habitat on the maintenance of genetic variation during the lag phase, the phase of population stability prior to expansion. Genetic diversity in invasive plant populations accumulates through multiple introductions, gene flow, mutation, and hybridization, but diversity is maintained by population level processes influencing effective population size （Ne）. I show that when the plastic response to the environment results in little variation in reproductive output among indi- viduals, Ne is maximized and genetic variation is maintained. Established models of plant competition show that below-ground competition reduces the variation in reproductive output, whereas competition for light increases variation in reproductive output. The same environments that maintain high Ne also reduce the opportunity for se- lection and minimize the response to selection, and thus the effects of the environment are synchronized to prevent genetic purges. When the primary invasion habitat supports high Ne, conditions are ripe for local adaptation to a secondary habitat, particularly if the secondary habitat has high opportunity for selection. When the primary invasion habitat supports low Ne, genetic diversity is less likely to be sufficient for local adaptation to secondary habitat to occur.

关键词： canalization phenotypic plasticity population expansion secondary invasion

Cross-Sectional Survey of Views on COVID-19 and Its Vaccines Among Pregnant Women

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Maternal-Fetal Medicine 2023年第2期5卷 80-87页

作者： Yan Yu Li wing Yi Lok Liona C.Poon Choi Wah kong William W.k.To Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology United Christian HospitalHong KongChina Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology The Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong 999077China.

Objective:The objective of this study is to evaluate the acceptance of pregnant women with regards to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination during pregnancy and to identify any significant changes in their anxiety and knowledge on COVID-19 compared to our previous study.Methods:This cross-sectional survey was performed in the antenatal clinics of United Christian Hospital and Tseung kwan O Hospital of Hong kong,China.Questionnaires were distributed to pregnant women for self-completion when attending follow-up from August to October 2021.Apart from basic demographic data,the questionnaire comprised of questions including knowledge on COVID-19 and its vaccines in pregnancy as well as attitudes and behaviors of pregnant women and their partners toward COVID-19.Continuous variables were analyzed by Student’s test and Levene’s test was used to confirm normal distribution and homogeneity of variance for continuous variables,whereas categorical variables were analyzed by the Chi-squared test or Fisher’s exact test as appropriate.AP value of knowledge gap and concerns about COVID-19 vaccines.Nearly half of the participants believed that pregnant women cannot have COVID-19 vaccination (402/816,49.3%) and it is unsafe to fetus (365/816,44.7%).Around a third of women perceived that they were more prone to the side effects and complications of COVID-19 vaccines than the general population (312/816,38.2%) and did not recognize that maternal COVID-19 vaccination could effect transferral of antibodies to the fetus to promote postnatal passive immunity (295/816,36.2%).Most o

关键词： Disease outbreaks Pandemic Pregnancy Surveys and questionnaires COVID-19 Vaccines

Anti-tumor immunity of BAM-SiPc-mediated vascular photodynamic therapy in a BALB/c mouse model

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2017年第2期14卷 223-234页

作者： Hing-Yuen Yeung Pui-Chi Lo Dennis k.P. Ng wing-Ping Fong School of Life Sciences The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shatin N.T. Hong Kong China Department of Biomedical Sciences City University of Hong Kong Tat Chee Avenue Kowloon Hong Kong China Department of Chemistry The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shatin N.T. Hong Kong China

In recent decades, accumulating evidence from both animal and clinical studies has suggested that a sufficiently activated immune system may strongly augment various types of cancer treatment, including photodynamic therapy （PDT）. Through the generation of reactive oxygen species, PDT eradicates tumors by triggering localized tumor damage and inducing anti-tumor immunity. As the major component of anti-tumor immunity, the involvement of a cell-mediated immune response in PDT has been well investigated in the past decade, whereas the role of humoral immunity has remained relatively unexplored. In the present investigation, using the photosensitizer BAM-SiPc and the CT26 tumor-bearing BALB/c mouse model, it was demonstrated that both cell-mediated and humoral adaptive immune components could be involved in PDT. With a vascular PDT （VPDT） regimen, BAM-SiPc could eradicate the tumors of -70% of tumor-bearing mice and trigger an anti-tumor immune response that could last for more than 1 year. An elevation of Th2 cytokines was detected ex vivoafter VPDT, indicating the potential involvement of a humoral response. An analysis of serum from the VPDT-cured mice also revealed elevated levels of tumor-specific antibodies. Moreover, this serum could effectively hinder tumor growth and protect the mice against further re-challenge in a T-cell-dependent manner. Taken together, these results show that the humoral components induced after BAM-SiPc-VPDT could assist the development of anti-tumor immunity.

关键词： anti-tumor immunity damage-associated molecular patterns humoral immunity photodynamic therapy tumor-bearing mice

Presentation and outcomes of chronic rhinosinusitis following liver and kidney transplant

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World Journal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 2021年第9期7卷 139-145页

作者： Aviv Spillinger Christopher M.Low Byron M.Smith Janalee k.Stokken erin k.O'Brien Garret Choby Deportment of Otoloryngolosy-Head and Neck Surgery Mayo ClinicRochesterMN55905USA Biomedical Statistics and Informatics Mayo ClinicRochesterMN55905USA

non-invasive chronic rhinosinusitis(CRS)following liver or kidney transplant and determine factors associated with disease-related complications,selection of endoscopic sinus surgery(ESS),and disease resolution in this population.Study design:Retrospective chart review.Setting:An academic tertiary care center(Mayo Clinic,Rochester,Minnesota).Subjects and methods:Liver and kidney transplant recipients evaluated by Mayo Clinic otolaryngologists for CRS between 1998 and 2018 were identified.Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to determine patient factors and treatment modalities associated with developing complications,selection of ESS,and disease resolution.Results:Fifty-seven patients met inclusion criteria.No patients developed intraorbital or intracranial complications of their CRS.Multivariate modeling demonstrated that the presence of polyps(P=0.036)was associated with undergoing ESS within one year of presentation.A higher Lund-Mackay(LM)computed tomography score(P=0.023)and older age(P=0.018)were significantly associated with decreased disease resolution.No other factors were significantly associated with the use of endoscopic sinus surgery within one year of otolaryngology presentation or resolution of CRS in this cohort.Conclusion:The risk of developing CRS-related intraorbital or intracranial complications in this immunecompromised patient cohort may be lower than originally thought.For liver-and kidney-recipients stable on immunosuppressive medication for many years,prognostic factors for CRS may mirror those for immunocompetent patients.

关键词： Rhinosinusitis Chronic rhinosinusitis Non-invasive rhinosinusitis kidney transplant Liver transplant Immunocompromised Immunosuppressed

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青少年体育锻炼与学习成绩之间的关系(英文)

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2012年第3期1卷 160-169,194页

作者： erin k.Howie Russell R.Pate Department of Exercise Science University of South Carolina

随着美国学校对学生学习成绩的关注日益提升,学生从事体育锻炼的机会日趋减少。为证明减少体育锻炼可能影响学习成绩,近50年以来,科研人员一直在探究体育锻炼对青少年的认知与学习成绩的影响。本文从历史的角度,对比分析近5年和5年前所... 详细信息

随着美国学校对学生学习成绩的关注日益提升,学生从事体育锻炼的机会日趋减少。为证明减少体育锻炼可能影响学习成绩,近50年以来,科研人员一直在探究体育锻炼对青少年的认知与学习成绩的影响。本文从历史的角度,对比分析近5年和5年前所发表的体育锻炼及学习成绩相关研究成果。共有125篇论文被纳入研究范围,其中近5年发表的论文有53篇。分析发现:近年来的整体研究质量有所提高,但研究结果仍然不一致:许多使用横断面研究设计,但研究方法大相径庭;大部分研究的结论表明体育锻炼对学习成绩有正面影响。今后的研究应通过完善的研究设计,确定可以有效提升学习成绩的体育锻炼项目及运动量。

关键词：学习成绩儿童认知健身体育锻炼

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基层医疗中的抑郁症:第2部分——管理

英国医学杂志中文版 2019年第8期22卷 456-470页

作者： Parashar Ramanuj erin k Ferenchick Harold Alan Pincus 祁祯楠(译) 周国鹏(校) Center for Family and Community Medicine Columbia University Medical Center New York NY USA Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital RAND Europe Department of Psychiatry Columbia University New York State Psychiatric Institute New York NY USA Irving Institute for Clinical and Translational Research Columbia University New York NY USA RAND Corporation PittsburghPA USA 北京大学第一医院健康管理中心

抑郁症是一种社区常见疾病,具有普遍性、多样性、慢性反复发作的病程特点。全科医生在管理抑郁患者及其合并症中承担了重要角色,也在诊断和治疗的过程中面临挑战。在这两个系列中,我们回顾了可以帮助指导全科医生识别和管理抑郁症患者... 详细信息

抑郁症是一种社区常见疾病,具有普遍性、多样性、慢性反复发作的病程特点。全科医生在管理抑郁患者及其合并症中承担了重要角色,也在诊断和治疗的过程中面临挑战。在这两个系列中,我们回顾了可以帮助指导全科医生识别和管理抑郁症患者的证据。第一部分的文献综述讲解了在社区识别和诊断抑郁症的方法。第二部分的文献回顾了在基层医疗中基于循证医学的抑郁症治疗方法,详细介绍了生活方式、药物和个人心理干预治疗,同时强调了基层医疗机构在组织层面有效管理抑郁症的战略措施。

关键词：基层医疗机构有效管理抑郁症心理干预治疗抑郁患者全科医生治疗方法常见疾病

Invasive grasses consistently create similar plant-soil feedback types in soils collected from geographically distant locations

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2016年第2期9卷 180-186页

作者： Lora B.Perkins Gary Hatfield erin k.Espeland Department of Natural Resource Management South Dakota State University1 N.Campus Dr.BrookingsSD 57007USA Department of Mathematics and Statistics South Dakota State University100 Admin LaneBrookingsSD 57007USA Pest Management Research Unit USDA-ARS NPARL1500 North Central AveSidneyMT 59270USA

Aims Plants of similar life forms and closely related species have been observed to create similar types of plant–soil feedbacks(PSFs).However,investigations of the consistency of PSFs within species have not yielded clear results.For example,it has been reported that species create different types of PSFs in their native and introduced ranges.The aim of this project is to examine if four species create similar PSF types from soils collected from widely distributed areas within their introduced range.The soil for this project was collected from three areas in western North America.With this design,we aim to determine species-and site-specific ability to create PSFs and if the type of PSF created is consistent in all soil from all three collection areas.The species examined are Agropyron cristatum,Centaurea solstitialis,Poa pratensis and Taeniatherum caput-medusae.Methods We used three-field collected soils(from northern Nevada,western Montana and eastern Montana)in a two-phase greenhouse experiment to quantify the type of PSFs created by four invasive species.The first phase was a conditioning phase wherein each invasive species created species-specific changes to the soil.The second phase of the experiment was the response phase wherein both the conditioning species and a native phytometer were grown in the conditioned soil and in unconditioned(control)soil.The final aboveground biomass was used to evaluate the effect of conditioning and to determine the type of PSF created by each invasive species.Important Findings Our results suggest that three of our four study species did show consistency in relation to PSF.Two species A.cristatum and T.caputmedusae consistently created PSF types that benefit conspecifics more than heterospecifics(and thus are‘invasive’PSF types)and P.pratensis consistently exhibited no,or‘neutral’,feedbacks.The fourth species(C.solstitialis)was inconsistent:in one soil,no feedback was created;in other soil,an invasive PSF was created and in the last soil,a feedback that relatively benefite

关键词： plant-soil feedback invasion niche construction

Not yet defect-free: the current landscape for women in computational materials research

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npj Computational Materials 2023年第1期9卷 1342-1351页

作者： Livia B.Pártay erin G.Teich Rose k.Cersonsky Department of Chemistry University of WarwickCoventry CV47ALUnited Kingdom Department of Physics Wellesley College106 Central StreetWellesley 02481 MAUSA Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering University of Wisconsin-Madison1415 Engineering DriveMadison 53706 WIUSA

INTRODUCTION“I really am not seeing how women are still considered disadvantaged in our field.”This phrase is heard all-too-often by woman scientists across many fields.And while attitudes on gender equity and parity have considerably improved in recent history,there are still measurable inequities stemming from systemic bias in the career progression,recognition,and perception of women in the sciences,including our sub-field of computational materials research.Addressing the obstacles to equity is in the interests of all of us.Making research inclusive is critical,not only from an ethical standpoint,but also for attracting and retaining dedicated and talented minds,enhancing the vibrancy of all fields,and nurturing a diverse range of ideas.

关键词： landscape attracting retaining

Antitumor immunity induced by the photodynamic action of BAM-SiPc,a silicon(IV)phthalocyanine photosensitizer

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2019年第7期16卷 676-678页

作者： Ying Zhang Dennis k.P.Ng wing-Ping Fong School of Life Sciences The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina Department of Chemistry The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina

Photodynamic therapy(PDT)is a promising approach to treat cancer.1 It involves the use of three individually nontoxic substances to produce a toxic effect.A photosensitizer,when illuminated with light of an appropriate wavelength,will be activated and convert molecular oxygen into reactive oxygen species(ROS),which can then kill tumor cells.The success of PDT depends on its potency as well as the targeting of the photosensitizer to the tumor site.2 For example,in photoimmunotherapy,the photosensitizer is conjugated to monoclonal antibodies that direct the photosensitizer to tumor cells that express the specific antigen recognized by the antibodies,and the tumor cells are killed upon light irradiation of the tumor site.3 This direct cytotoxicity is useful in treating localized tumor;however,it has limited applicability when metastasis occurs.In this regard,the activation of antitumor immunity appears to be more promising because most cancer patients die,not from localized tumor,but from cancer metastasis and relapse.

关键词： immunity metastasis cancer