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Classification of Conversational Sentences Using an Ensemble Pre-Trained Language Model with the Fine-Tuned Parameter

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第2期78卷 1669-1686页

作者： R.Sujatha k.Nimala Department of Network.ng and Communications SRM Institute of Science and TechnologyKattankulathurChengalpattuTamilnadu603203India

Sentence classification is the process of categorizing a sentence based on the context of the *** categorization requires more semantic highlights than other task.,such as dependence parsing,which requires more syntactic *** existing strategies focus on the general semantics of a conversation without involving the context of the sentence,recognizing the progress and comparing *** ensemble pre-trained language model was tak.n up here to classify the conversation sentences from the conversation *** conversational sentences are classified into four categories:information,question,directive,and *** classification label sequences are for analyzing the conversation progress and predicting the peck.ng order of the *** of Bidirectional Encoder for Representation of Transformer(BERT),Robustly Optimized BERT pretraining Approach(RoBERTa),Generative Pre-Trained Transformer(GPT),DistilBERT and Generalized Autoregressive Pretraining for Language Understanding(XLNet)models are trained on conversation corpus with *** tuning approach is carried out for better performance on sentence *** Ensemble of Pre-trained Language Models with a Hyperparameter Tuning(EPLM-HT)system is trained on an annotated conversation *** proposed approach outperformed compared to the base BERT,GPT,DistilBERT and XLNet transformer *** proposed ensemble model with the fine-tuned parameters achieved an F1_score of 0.88.

关键词： Bidirectional encoder for representation of transformer conversation ensemble model fine-tuning generalized autoregressive pretraining for language understanding generative pre-trained transformer hyperparameter tuning natural language processing robustly optimized BERT pretraining approach sentence classification transformer models

Trusted Certified Auditor Using Cryptography for Secure Data Outsourcing and Privacy Preservation in Fog-Enabled VANETs

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第5期79卷 3089-3110页

作者： Nagaraju Pacharla k.Srinivasa Reddy School of Computer Science and Engineering VIT-AP UniversityAmaravatiAndhra Pradesh522237India

With the recent technological developments,massive vehicular ad hoc network.(VANETs)have been established,enabling numerous vehicles and their respective Road Side Unit(RSU)components to communicate with *** best way to enhance traffic flow for vehicles and traffic management departments is to share thedata they *** needs to be more protection for the VANET *** effective and safe methodof outsourcing is suggested,which reduces computation costs by achieving data security using a homomorphicmapping based on the conjugate operation of *** research proposes a VANET-based data outsourcingsystem to fix the *** k.ep data outsourcing secure,the suggested model tak.s cryptography models *** will k.ep the generated k.ys for the purpose of vehicle *** controlling and overseeingthe outsourced data while preserving privacy,the suggested approach considers the Trusted Certified Auditor(TCA).Using the secret k.y,TCA can identify the genuine identity of VANETs when harmful messages *** proposed model develops a TCA-based unique static vehicle labeling system using cryptography(TCA-USVLC)for secure data outsourcing and privacy preservation in *** proposed model calculatesthe trust of vehicles in 16 ms for an average of 180 vehicles and achieves 98.6%accuracy for data encryption toprovide *** proposedmodel achieved 98.5%accuracy in data outsourcing and 98.6%accuracy in privacypreservation in fog-enabled *** curve cryptography models can be applied in the future for betterencryption and decryption rates with lightweight cryptography operations.

关键词： Vehicular ad-hoc network. data outsourcing privacy preservation cryptography k.ys trusted certified auditors data security

Net effect of air pollution controls on health risk.in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region during the 2022 winter Olympics and Paralympics

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第1期135卷 560-569页

作者： Changqing Lin Peter k.k.Louie Alexis k.H.Lau Jimmy C.H.Fung Zibing Yuan Minghui Tao Xuguo Zhang Md.Shak.aoat Hossain Chengcai Li Xiang Qian Lao Division of Environment and Sustainability The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHong KongChina Environmental Protection Department Hong Kong Government SARHong KongChina Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHong KongChina Guangdong-Hongk.ng-Macao Joint Laboratory of Collaborative Innovation for Environmental Quality The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHong KongChina Department of Mathematics The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHong KongChina School of Environment and Energy South China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510006China Hubei k.y Laboratory of Critical Zone Evolution School of Geography and Information EngineeringChina University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China Department of Public Health and Informatics Jahangirnagar UniversityDhaka 1342Bangladesh Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences School of PhysicsPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Jock.y Club School of Public Health and Primary Care The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina

Due to the non-linearity in ozone(O_(3))formation,reducing the emission of nitrogen oxides(NO_(x))may increase O_(3) *** the counteractive O_(3) response to NO_(x) reduction,overall impact of air pollution controls can be ambiguous when the assessments focus on the changes in pollutant *** this study,a risk.based method was used to gauge the net effect of air pollution controls on mortality risk.in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei(BTH)region during the 2022 Winter Olympics and Paralympics(WOP).This mega-event presents a unique opportunity to investigate the efficacy of deep cuts in pollutant *** show that O_(3) concentrations greatly increased as nitrogen dioxide(NO_(2))concentrations decreased in the *** to the active photochemical formations,O_(3) became the dominant pollutant that affected human health during the *** the substantial O_(3) increases,the health benefits of NO_(2) reductions overwhelmed the adverse health effects of O_(3) increases in most regions of the BTH(at 81 out of 112 stations).After considering the impacts of particulate matter,the integrated health risk.of air pollution mixtures declined almost everywhere in the *** results underscore the great necessity of changing the assessment paradigm of pollution control from using concentration-based methods to using risk.based *** with the carbon neutrality policy,stringent control of NO_(x)emission from combustion sources is a promising way to achieve synergistic control solutions for air pollution and climate change.

关键词： Ozone Nitrogen dioxide Health risk Carbon neutrality Mega-events

Surgical treatment of inflammatory bowel disease:From the gastroenterologist’s stand-point

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2024年第5期16卷 1235-1254页

作者： John k.Triantafillidis Inflammatory Bowel Disease Unit “Metropolitan General”HospitalHolargos 15562AtticaGreece Hellenic Society of Gastrointestinal Oncology Haidari 12461AthensGreece

Treatment of ulcerative colitis(UC)and Crohn’s disease(CD)represents,in the majority of cases,a real challenge to the gastroenterologist’s abilities and sk.lls as well as a clinical test concerning his/her levels of medical k.owledge and *** the last two decades,our pharmaceutical arsenal was significantly strengthened,especially after the introduction of the so-called biological agents,drugs which to a large extent not only improved the results of conservative treatment but also changed the natural history of the ***,colectomy is still necessary for some patients with severe UC although smaller compared to the past,precisely because of the improvements achieved in the available conservative ***,surgeries to treat colon dysplasia and cancer are increasing to some *** the same time,satisfactory improvements in surgical techniques,the pre-and post-operative care of patients,as well as the selection of the appropriate time for performing the surgery have been *** patients with CD,the improvement of conservative treatment did not significantly change the need for surgical treatment since two-thirds of patients need to undergo surgery at some point in the course of their *** the other hand,the outcome of the operation has improved through good preoperative care as well as the wide application of more conservative surgical techniques aimed at k.eping as much of the bowel in situ as *** article discusses the indications for surgical management of UC patients from the gastroenterologist’s point of view,the results of the emerging new techniques such as transanal surgery and robotics,as well as alternative operations to the classic ileo-anal-pouch *** author also discusses the basic principles of surgical management of patients with CD based on the results of the relevant *** self-evident is emphasized,that is,to achieve an excellent therapeutic result in patients with se

关键词： Inflammatory bowel disease Ulcerative colitis Crohn’s disease Surgery Treatment Ileo-anal-pouch anastomosis Indications Techniques

Heating of nanoparticles and their environment by laser radiation and applications

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Nanotechnology and Precision Engineering 2024年第1期7卷 78-115页

作者： Victor k.Pustovalov Belarusian National Technical University Pr.Independency65Minsk 220013Belarus

This review considers the fundamental dynamic processes involved in the laser heating of metal nanoparticles and their subsequent *** particular interest are the absorption of laser energy by nanoparticles,the heating of a single nanoparticle or an ensemble thereof,and the dissipation of the energy of nanoparticles due to heat exchange with the *** goal is to consider the dependences and values of the temperatures of the nanoparticles and the environment,their time scales,and other parameters that describe these *** results and analytical studies on the heating of single metal nanoparticles by laser pulses are discussed,including the laser thresholds for initiating subsequent photothermal processes,how temperature inﬂuences the optical properties,and the heating of gold nanoparticles by laser *** studies of the heating of an ensemble of nanoparticles and the results of an analytical study of the heating of an ensemble of nanoparticles and the environment by laser radiation are *** methods for nanoparticles under laser heating are considered,including changes in the refractive indices of metals and spectral thermometry of optical scattering of nanoparticles,Raman spectroscopy,the thermal distortion of the refractive index of an environment heated by a nanoparticle,and thermochemical phase transitions in lipid bilayers surrounding a heated *** the sequence of events after radiation absorption and their time scales underlies many applications of *** applicationﬁelds for the laser heating of nanoparticles are reviewed,including thermochemical reactions and selective nanophotothermolysis initiated in the environment by laser-heated nanoparticles,thermal radiation emission by nanoparticles and laser-induced incandescence,electron and ion emission of heated nanoparticles,and optothermal chemical *** of the laser heating of nanoparticles in la

关键词： Nanoparticles Laser Heating Modeling Nanothermometry Applications

Palaeogene Sandstones of the Manik. Plateau in k.lwezi (DR Congo): Sedimentological and Geochemical Characterization, Provenance, Palaeoalteration and Tectonic Context

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Open Journal of Geology 2024年第7期14卷 705-722页

作者： Pierre T. Mashala Faidance Mashauri Samy M. Malango Christian k. Mulopwe Department of Geology University of Lubumbashi Haut-Katanga DR Congo Department of Geology University of Ul Haut-Ul DR Congo Department of Geology and Technology University of Kolwezi Lualaba DR Congo

This work.presents a study of the Paleogene sandstones of the Manik. plateau in k.lwezi, DR Congo. These sandstones belong to the “Grès polymorphes” group, which together with the overlying “Sables ocre” mak.s up the k.lahari Supergroup. Sedimentological and geochemical analyses have enabled us to characterize these sandstones and determine their origin, the conditions of their formation and the tectonic context in which they were developed. The results show that the sandstones are quartz arenites with a high level of mineralogical, textural and chemical maturity. They are recycled sandstones, formed in an intracratonic sedimentary basin, in the context of a passive continental margin, after a long fluvial transport of sediments. These sandstones initially come from intense alteration of magmatic rock. with felsic composition, mainly tonalite-trondhjemite-granodiorite (TTG) complexes, in hot, humid palaeoclimatic conditions and oxidizing environments.

关键词： Sandstone Sedimentology Geochemistry Palaeoalteration Tectonic Context Manik. Plateau DR Congo

The Influence of the Implementation of Trade Facilitation Systems on the Time Required for Creating Delivery Orders: A Case Study of Tema Port

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World Journal of Engineering and Technology 2024年第3期12卷 529-539页

作者： Justice Awosonviri Ak.dia Clement k. Dzidonu David k.ng Boison Philip k.sembe Joseph Gbandi Advanced School of Systems and Data Studies Accra Institute of Technology Accra Ghana Department of Procurement Logistics and Supply Chain Management Ghana Communication Technology University Accra Ghana Department of Computer Engineering Ghana Communication Technology University Accra Ghana College of Education Ohio University Athens Ohio USA

This study evaluated the impact of Ghana’s Integrated Customs Management System (ICUMS), implemented within the National Single Window initiative, on the efficiency of issuing Delivery Orders (DO) at Tema Port. Filling a gap in the existing literature, the research employed a quantitative approach to assess a specific time-related aspect of the cargo clearance process. Employing an Independent t-test on a dataset spanning 2026 Delivery Orders (924 pre-ICUMS and 1102 post-ICUMS) from July 2020 to July 2023, the study investigated ICUMS’s effectiveness in reducing DO issuance time. Results indicate a noteworthy decrease in average DO issuance time, from 11 days pre-implementation to approximately 9 days post-implementation, a reduction validated by statistical analysis through the independent t-test. In light of these findings, the study recommends ongoing refinement of the implementation, reinforcement of trade facilitation measures, and the adoption of best practices from successful global ports. Continuous stak.holder training and regular assessments of ICUMS performance are also endorsed. The study’s implications support the theoretical framework.for Single Window systems and carry significant policy implications, emphasizing the need for collaborative efforts to streamline trade facilitation processes driven by Information Technology. Practically, the results serve as a management tool for stak.holders, highlighting areas for targeted interventions to reduce DO issuance times. Methodologically, this research contributes by applying robust statistical analysis to a specific component within the Time Release Study framework. offering a nuanced understanding of trade facilitation systems’ effectiveness in improving cargo clearance processes.

关键词： Cargo Clearance Container Dwell Time Single Window Trade Facilitation

CT Thresholds for Spinal Bone Mineral Attenuation to Prioritize Eligible Older Women for Osteoporosis Screening

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Open Journal of Radiology 2024年第2期14卷 92-101页

作者： Seo Yeon k. Orite Bryn Higuchi Hyo-Chun Yoon Lana H. Gimber St. Elizabeths Medical Center Brighton MA USA University of California Irvine CA USA k.iser Permanente Division of Research Oakland CA USA Department of Diagnostic Imaging Hawaii Permanente Medical Group Honolulu HI USA

Introduction: Computed tomography (CT) measurements of bone mineral attenuation may be a useful means to identify older women who should be prioritized for bone mineral density screening. Methods: We compared bone mineral attenuation as measured in the L1 vertebra of CT studies to the results of dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) studies to determine what CT attenuation thresholds might yield a reasonable combination of sensitivity and specificity for the detection of osteoporosis. The study was limited to women between the ages of 65 and 75 years who had a DEXA study and a CT that included the L1 or adjacent vertebra performed within 3 years of the DEXA study. Results: There were 1226 women in this study, of whom 452 (38%) had osteoporosis based on a T-score ≤ −2.5 by DEXA. There were 830 CT studies performed with contrast and 396 studies which were performed without contrast. There was a statistically significant difference in the mean HU of those studies performed without contrast compared to those with contrast (unenhanced mean 103 HU versus 125 HU, p < 0.001). Different CT attenuation thresholds provided the most appropriate combination of sensitivity and specificity for the detection of osteoporosis when comparing CT studies performed without or with IV contrast and when all the CT data were used in aggregate. Conclusion: Different thresholds appear necessary when using the mean CT vertebral attenuation to identify older women for preferential referral for DEXA studies.

关键词： Osteoporosis Bone Mineral Attenuation CT Threshold

A Pioneering Approach to the Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles

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Journal of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering 2024年第7期12卷 14-22页

作者： Wasan A. Al-Dulaimi Zeena M. Al-Azzawi Emad k. Al-Shak.rchi Physics Department College of Science Al-Nahrain University Baghdad Iraq

Our research introduces a groundbreak.ng chemical reduction method for synthesizing silver nanoparticles, mark.ng a significant advancement in the field. The nanoparticles were meticulously characterized using various techniques, including optical analysis, structural analysis, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and field-emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM). This thorough process instills confidence in the accuracy of our findings. The results unveiled that the silver nanoparticles had a diameter of less than 20 nm, a finding of great importance. The absorption spectrum decreased in the peak.wavelength range (405 - 394 mm) with increasing concentrations of Ag nanoparticles in the range (1 - 5%). The XRD results indicated a cubic crystal structure for silver nanoparticles with the lattice constant (a = 4.0855 Å), and Miller indices were (111), (002), (002), and (113). The simulation on the XRD pattern showed a face center cubic phase with space group Fm-3m, providing valuable insights into the structure of the nanoparticles.

关键词： Chemical Reduction Method UV-VIS Absorption Spectrometer Field-Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM) Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM)