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Composition regulates dissolved organic matter adsorption onto iron (oxy)hydroxides and its competition with phosphate: Implications for organic carbon and phosphorus immobilization in lakes

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第10期144卷 159-171页

作者： ShuaiLong Wen JingJing Liu YueHan Lu JiaRu Dai XiuLin Huang ShiLin An erik Jeppesen ZhengWen Liu YingXun Du State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment Nanjing Institute of Geography and LimnologyChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Molecular Eco-Geochemistry(MEG)Laboratory Department of Geological SciencesThe University of Alabama2017th AveTuscaloosaAL 35485USA School of Environmental Science and Engineering Nanjing Tech UniversityNanjing 210008China School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering Chongqing Three Gorges UniversityChongqing 404020China Department of Ecoscience Aarhus UniversitySilkeborg 8600Denmark Sino-Danish Centre for Education and Research University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 101408China Limnology Laboratory Department of Biological Sciences and Centre for Ecosystem Research and ImplementationMiddle East Technical UniversityAnkara 06800Turkey

Dissolved organicmatter(DOM)is a heterogeneous pool of compounds and exhibits diverse adsorption characteristics with or without phosphorous(P)*** impacts of these factors on the burial and mobilization of organic carbon and P in aquatic ecosystems remain *** this study,an algae-derived DOM(ADOM)and a commercially available humic acid(HA)with distinct compositions were assessed for their adsorption behaviors onto iron(oxy)hydroxides(FeOx),both in the absence and presence of *** contained less aromatics but more protein-like and highly unsaturated structures with oxygen compounds(HUSO)than *** adsorption capacity of FeOx was significantly greater for ADOM than for ***-like and HUSO compounds in ADOM and humic-like compounds and macromolecular aromatics in HA were preferentially adsorbed by ***,ADOM demonstrated a stronger inhibitory effect on phosphate adsorption than *** observation suggests that the substantial release of autochthonous ADOM by algae could elevate internal P loading and pose challenges for the restoration of restore eutrophic *** presence of phosphate suppressed the adsorption of protein-like compounds in ADOM onto FeOx,resulting in an increase in the relative abundance of protein-like compounds and a decrease in the relative abundance of humic-like compounds in post-adsorption *** contrast,phosphate exhibited no discernible impact on the compositional fractionation of ***,our results show the source-composition characters of DOM influence the immobilization of both DOM and P in aquatic ecosystems through adsorption *** preferential adsorption of proteinaceous compounds within ADOM and aromatics within HA highlights the potential for the attachment with FeOx to diminish the original source-specific signatures of DOM,thereby contributing to the shared DOM characteristics observed across diverse aquatic environments.

关键词： Algal dissolved organic matter Humic acid Adsorption Phosphate Fractionation FT-ICR MS

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Importance of periphytic biofilms for carbon cycling in paddy fields:A review

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Pedosphere 2024年第1期34卷 36-43页

作者： Lei ZHOU Yonghong WU Junzhuo LIU Pengfei SUN Ying XU Jan DOLFING Robert GMSPENCER erik JEPPESEN State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture Institute of Soil ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008China Zigui Three Gorges Reservoir Ecosystem Observation and Research Station of Ministry of Water Resources of the People's Republic of ChinaYichang 443605China College of Nanjing University of Chinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 211135China Faculty of Energy and Environment Northumbria UniversityNewcastle upon Tyne NE18QHUK Department of Earth Ocean and Atmospheric ScienceFlorida State UniversityTallahassee FL 32306USA Department of Ecoscience&Centre for Water Technology(WATEC) Aarhus UniversityAarhus DK-8000Denmark Sino-Danish Centre for Education and Research Beijing 100049China Limnology Laboratory Department of Biological Sciences and Centre for Ecosystem Research and Implementation(EKOSAM)Middle East Technical UniversityAnkara 06800Turkiye Institute of Marine Sciences Middle East Technical UniversityMersin 33731Turkiye

Paddy fields play an important role in global carbon(C) cycling and are an important source of methane(CH_(4)) emissions. Insights into the processes influencing the dynamics of soil organic C(SOC) in paddy fields are essential for maintaining global soil C stocks and mitigating climate change. Periphytic biofilms composed of microalgae, bacteria, and other microorganisms are ubiquitous in paddy fields, where they directly mediate the transfer of elements at the soil-water interface. However, their contributions to C turnover and exchange have been largely neglected. Periphytic biofilms affect and participate in soil C dynamics by altering both abiotic(e.g., pH and redox potential) and biotic conditions(e.g., microbial community composition and metabolism). This review summarizes the contributions of periphytic biofilms to soil C cycling processes, including carbon dioxide fixation, SOC mineralization, and CH_(4) emissions. Future research should be focused on: i) the mechanisms underlying periphytic biofilm-induced C fixation and turnover and ii) quantifying the contributions of periphytic biofilms to soil C uptake, stabilization, and sequestration in paddy fields.

关键词： carbon fixation carbon mineralization carbon sequestration methane emission microbial aggregates soil organic carbon

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Specialized springtail predation by Loricera beetles: An example of evolutionary stasis across the K-Pg extinction

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The Innovation 2024年第3期5卷 25-26页

作者： Yan-Da Li erik Tihelka Michael SEngel Diying Huang Chenyang Cai State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy Nanjing Institute of Geology and PalaeontologyChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008China Department of Earth Sciences University of CambridgeCambridge CB23EQUK Bristol Palaeobiology Group School of Earth SciencesUniversity of BristolBristol BS81TQUK Division of Invertebrate Zoology American Museum of Natural HistoryNew YorkNY 10024-5192USA Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas Universidad Nacional Mayor de San MarcosLima 15081Perú Departamento de Entomología Museo de Historia NaturalUniversidad Nacional Mayor de San MarcosLima 15072Perú

Dear Editor,The Cretaceous-Paleogene(K-Pg)mass extinction precipitated one of the most profound restructurings of biodiversity in recent geological *** the extinction of many iconic groups,particularly the non-avian dinosaurs,there is emerging evidence that previously overlooked taxa experienced stark morphological and evolutionary *** this study,we report both adult and larva of beetles of the genus Loricera preserved in mid-Cretaceous Kachin amber(Figure 1),which display striking similarity to extant congeners,indicating a stasis of their specialized feeding behavior persisting at least 100 million years.

关键词： extinction Figure Cretaceous

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Structure-based design and optimization lead to the identification of novel dihydrothiopyrano[3,2-d]pyrimidine derivatives as potent HIV-1 inhibitors against drug-resistant variants

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2024年第3期14卷 1257-1282页

作者： Zhao Wang Heng Zhang Zhen Gao Zihao Sang erik De Clercq Christophe Pannecouque Dongwei Kang Peng Zhan Xinyong Liu Department of Medicinal Chemistry Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology(Ministry of Education)School of Pharmaceutical SciencesCheeloo College of MedicineShandong UniversityJinan 250012China Rega Institute for Medical Research Laboratory of Virology and ChemotherapyK.U.LeuvenLeuven B-3000Belgium China-Belgium Collaborative Research Center for Innovative Antiviral Drugs of Shandong Province Jinan 250012China Suzhou Research Institute Shandong UniversitySuzhou 215123China

With our continuous endeavors in seeking potent anti-HIV-1 agents,we reported here the discovery,biological characterization,and druggability evaluation of a class of nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase *** fully explore the chemical space of the NNRTI-binding pocket,novel series of dihydrothiopyrano[3,2-d]pyrimidines were developed by employing the structure-based design *** of the derivatives were endowed with prominent antiviral activities against HIV-1 wild-type and resistant strains at nanomolar *** them,compound 23h featuring the aminopiperidine moiety was identified as the most potent inhibitor,with EC50values ranging from 3.43 to 21.4 nmol/***,for the challenging double-mutants F227L+V106A and K103N+Y181C,23h exhibited 2.3-to 14.5-fold more potent activity than the first-line drugs efavirenz and ***,the resistance profiles of 23h achieved remarkable improvement compared to efavirenz and *** binding target of 23h was further confirmed to be HIV-1 reverse *** modeling studies were also performed to elucidate the biological evaluation results and give guidance for the optimization ***,no apparent inhibition of the major CYP450 enzymes and hERG channel was observed for *** importantly,23h was characterized by good pharmacokinetic properties and excellent safety in ***,23h holds great promise as a potential candidate for its effective antiviral efficacy and favorable drug-like profiles.

关键词： HIV-1 Reverse transcriptase Dihydrothiopyrano[3,2-d]pyrimidine Antiviral agent

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Emerging and multifaceted potential contributions of polyphenols in the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus

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World Journal of Diabetes 2024年第2期15卷 154-169页

作者： Ileana González Cristian Lindner Ivan Schneider erik Diaz Miguel Angel Morales Armando Rojas Biomedical Research Laboratories Faculty of MedicineCatholic University of MauleTalca 34600000Chile Department of Radiology Faculty of MedicineUniversity of ConcepciónConcepción 4030000Chile Centre of Primary Attention South Metropolitan Health ServiceSantiago 3830000Chile Faculty of Medicine Catholic University of MauleTalca 3460000Chile Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology Program Institute of Biomedical SciencesUniversity of ChileSantiago 8320000Chile

Type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)is recognized as a serious public health concern with a considerable impact on human life,long-term health expenditures,and substantial health *** this context,the use of dietary polyphenols to prevent and manage T2DM is widely *** dietary compounds exert their beneficial effects through several actions,including the protection of pancreatic islet β-cell,the antioxidant capacities of these molecules,their effects on insulin secretion and actions,the regulation of intestinal microbiota,and their contribution to ameliorate diabetic complications,particularly those of vascular *** the present review,we intend to highlight these multifaceted actions and the molecular mechanisms by which these plant-derived secondary metabolites exert their beneficial effects on type 2 diabetes patients.

关键词： Polyphenols Antioxidants Oxidative stress Type 2 diabetes mellitus Health benefits

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2024 Wheelchair Compendium of Physical Activities:An update of activity codes and energy expenditure values

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第1期13卷 18-23页

作者： Scott A.Conger Stephen D.Herrmann erik A.Willis Tom E.Nightingale Joseph R.Sherman Barbara E.Ainsworth Department of Kinesiology Boise State UniversityBoiseID 83725USA Kansas Center for Metabolism and Obesity Research The University of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityKS 66160USA Center for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNC 27599USA School of Sport Exercise and Rehabilitation SciencesUniversity of BirminghamBirmingham AL B152TTUK Centre for Trauma Sciences Research University of BirminghamEdgbastonBirmingham AL B152TTUK College of Health Solutions Arizona State UniversityPhoenixAZ 85003USA School of Exercise and Health Shanghai University of SportShanghai 200438China

Purpose:This paper presents an update of the 2011 Wheelchair Compendium of Physical Activities designed for wheelchair users and is referred to as the 2024 Wheelchair *** Wheelchair Compendium aims to curate existing knowledge of the energy expenditure for wheelchair physical activities(PAs).Methods:A systematic review of the published energy expenditure of PA for wheelchair users was completed between 2011 and May *** added these data to the 2011 Wheelchair Compendium data that was compiled previously in a systematic review through ***:A total of 47 studies were included,and 124 different wheelchair PA reported energy expenditure values ranging from 0.8 metabolic equivalents for wheelchair users(filing papers,light effort)to 11.8 metabolic equivalents for wheelchair users(Nordic sit skiing).Conclusion:In introducing the updated 2024 Wheelchair Compendium,we hope to bridge the resource gap and challenge the prevailing narratives that inadvertently exclude wheelchair users from physical fitness and health PAs.

关键词： Disability Exercise MET Mobility

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Realism, Normativity and Professor Mearsheimer

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Philosophy Study 2024年第2期14卷 63-65页

作者： Jan-erik Lane Geneva University GenevaSwitzerland

International relations or politics are a dynamic discipline within politics. It concentrates upon the understanding or explanation of conflict and power between nations or countries. It is of course highly relevant today with much warfare or threats thereof. One central theory is the so-called realism or neorealism. Its foremost representative today is Professor Mearsheimer. Professor John Mearsheimer has put several of his well-known lectures on YouTube. In these he spells out how he looks upon international politics today through a neorealist approach. Very much worth listening to, we must though question consistency in his message.

关键词： War conflict between nations neorealism

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Adaptive-optical 3D microscopy for microfluidic multiphase flows

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Light(Advanced Manufacturing) 2024年第3期5卷 105-119页

作者： Clemens Bilsing erik Nützenadel Sebastian Burgmann Jürgen Czarske Lars Büttner Laboratory of Measurement and Sensor System Techniques TUD Dresden University of Technology01069 DresdenGermany Chair of Fluid Mechanics Bergische Universitát Wuppertal42119 WuppertalGermany BIOLAS Laboratory of Measurement and Sensor System Techniques01069 DresdenGermany

Measurements based on optical microscopy can be severely impaired if the access exhibits variations of the refractive *** the case of fluctuating liquid-gas boundaries,refraction introduces dynamical aberrations that increase the measurement *** is prevalent at multiphase flows(***,film flows)that occur in many technical applications as for example in coating and cleaning processes and the water management in fuel *** this paper,we present a novel approach based on adaptive optics for correcting the dynamical aberrations in real time and thus reducing the measurement *** shape of the fluctuating water-air interface is sampled with a reflecting light beam(Fresnel Guide Star)and a Hartmann-Shack sensor which makes it possible to correct its influence with a deformable mirror in a closed ***-dimensional flow measurements are achieved by using a double-helix point spread *** measure the flow inside a sessile,oscillating 50-μl droplet on an opaque gas diffusion layer for fuel cells and show that the temporally varying refraction at the droplet surface causes a systematic underestimation of the flow field magnitude corresponding to the first droplet eigenmode which plays a major role in their detachment *** demonstrate that the adaptive optics correction is able to reduce this systematic ***,the adaptive optics system can pave the way to a deeper understanding of water droplet formation and detachment which can help to improve the efficiency of fuels cells.

关键词： Double-Helix point spread function Adaptive optics Particle tracking velocimetry Aberration correction Depth-resolving microscopy Closed-loop control

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Design and optimization of piperidinesubstituted thiophene[3,2-d]pyrimidine-based HIV-1 NNRTIs with improved drug resistance and pharmacokinetic profiles

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2024年第7期14卷 3110-3124页

作者： Yanying Sun Zhenzhen Zhou Zhongling Shi Fabao Zhao Minghui Xie Zongji Zhuo erik De Clercq Christophe Pannecouqueb Dongwei Kang Peng Zhan Xinyong Liu Department of Medicinal Chemistry Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology(Ministry of Education)School of Pharmaceutical SciencesShandong UniversityJinan 250012China Rega Institute for Medical Research Laboratory of Virology and ChemotherapyK.U.LeuvenLeuven B-3000Belgium China-Belgium Collaborative Research Center for Innovative Antiviral Drugs of Shandong Province Jinan 250012China

HIV-1 reverse transcriptase(RT)has received great attention as an attractive therapeutic target for acquired immune deficiency syndrome(AIDS),but the inevitable drug resistance and side effects have always been major challenges faced by non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors(NNRTIs).This work aimed to identify novel chemotypes of anti-HIV-1 agents with improved drugresistance profiles,reduced toxicity,and excellent druggability.A series of diarylpyrimidine(DAPY)derivatives were prepared via structural modifications of the leads K-5a2 and *** them,15a with dimethylphosphine oxide moiety showed the most prominent antiviral potency against all of the tested viral panel,being 1.6-fold(WT,EC_(50) Z 1.75 nmol/L),3.0-fold(L100I,EC_(50) Z 2.84 nmol/L),2.4-fold(K103N,EC_(50) Z 1.27 nmol/L),3.3-fold(Y181C,EC50 Z 5.38 nmol/L),2.9-fold(Y188L,EC_(50) Z 7.96 nmol/L),2.5-fold(E138K,EC_(50) Z 4.28 nmol/L),4.8-fold(F227L/V106A,EC_(50) Z 3.76 nmol/L)and 5.3-fold(RES056,EC_(50) Z 15.8 nmol/L)more effective than that of the marketed drug *** docking results illustrated the detailed interactions formed by compound 15a and WT,F227L/V106A,and RES056 ***,15a-HCl carried outstanding pharmacokinetic(t1/2 Z 1.32 h,F Z 40.8%)and safety profiles(LD_(50)>2000 mg/kg),which demonstrated that 15a HCl is a potential anti-HIV-1 drug candidate.

关键词： HIV-1 NNRTIs NNIBP Structural alert Anti-HIV-1 drug candidate

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Design,synthesis,and biological evaluation of benzo[4,5]thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine derivatives as novel HIV-1 NNRTIs

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第6期35卷 344-348页

作者： Bairu Meng Zongji Zhuo Han Yu Sining Tao Zixuan Chen erik De Clercq Christophe Pannecouque Dongwei Kang Peng Zhan Xinyong Liu Department of Medicinal Chemistry Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology(Ministry of Education)School of Pharmaceutical SciencesCheeloo College of MedicineShandong UniversityJi’nan 250012China Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy Rega Institute for Medical ResearchK.U.LeuvenLeuven B-3000Belgium China-Belgium Collaborative Research Center for Innovative Antiviral Drugs of Shandong Province Ji’nan 250012China

Inspired by our previous studies to discover novel human immunodeficiency virus-1(HIV-1)nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors(NNRTIs)by targeting the tolerant region II of the NNRTIs binding pocket(NNIBP),a series of novel benzo[4,5]thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine derivatives were designed through structure-based drug design as novel potent HIV-1 *** results showed that compound16b was the most active inhibitor,exhibiting 50% effective concentration(EC50)values from 0.021μmol/L to 0.298μmol/L against wild-type(WT)and a panel of NNRTIs-resistant HIV-1 ***,16b was demonstrated with a significantly low 50% cytotoxicity concentration(CC_(50))value(>200μmol/L)and high selectivity index(SI)*** addition,16b yielded moderate reverse transcriptase(RT)enzyme inhibition with a 50% inhibition concentration(IC_(50))value of 0.183μmol/L,which demonstrated that it acted as HIV-1 *** binding mode of 16b with RT was also illustrated via molecular ***,this work provided a novel lead compound for developing potent HIV-1 NNRTIs.

关键词： HIV-1 NNRTIs DAPYs Tolerant regionⅡ Drug design

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