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A trait-based approach to assess climate change sensitivity of freshwater invertebrates across Swedish ecoregions

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Current Zoology 2014年第2期60卷 221-232页

作者： Leonard SANDIN Astrid SCHMIDT-KLOIBeR Jens-Christian SVeNNING erik JePPeSeN Nikolai FRIBeRG Department of Bioscience and Arctic Centre Aarhus University VejlsФvej 25 DK-8600 Silkeborg Denmark Department of Aquatic Sciences and Assessment Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences P.O. Box 7050 SE-750 07 UppsalaSweden Department Water Atmosphere Environment Institute of Hydrobiology and Aquatic Ecosystem Management University of NaturalResources and Life Sciences Max-Emanuel Strasse 17 1180 Vienna Austria Department of Bioscience Aarhus University Ny Munkegade 114 DK-8000 Aarhus Denmark Sino-Danish Center for education and Research Beijing China Norwegian Institute for Water Research Gaustadall6en 21 NO-0349 Oslo Norway

Freshwater habitats and organisms are among the most threatened on earth, and freshwater ecosystems have been subject to large biodiversity losses. We developed a Climate Change Sensitivity （CCS） indicator based on trait information for a selection of stream- and lake-dwelling ephemeroptera, Plecoptera and Trichoptera taxa. We calculated the CCS scores based on ten species traits identified as sensitive to global climate change. We then assessed climate change sensitivity between the six main ecoregions of Sweden as well as the three Swedish regions based on lilies. This was done using biological data from 1,382 stream and lake sites where we compared large-scale （ecoregional） patterns in climate change sensitivity with potential future exposure of these ecosystems to increased temperatures using ensemble-modelled future changes in air temperature. Current （1961-1990） measured temperature and ensemble-modelled future （2100） temperature showed an increase from the northernmost towards the southern ecoregions, whereas the predicted temperature change increased from south to north. The CCS indicator scores were highest in the two northernmost boreal ecoregions where we also can expect the largest global climate change-induced increase in temperature, indicating an unfortunate congruence of exposure and sensitivity to climate change. These results are of vital importance when planning and implementing management and conservation strategies in freshwater ecosystems, e.g., to mitigate increased temperatures using riparian buffer strips. We conclude that traits information on taxa specialization, e.g., in terms of feeding specialism or taxa having a preference for high altitudes as well as sensitivity to changes in temperature are important when assessing the risk from future global climate change to freshwater ecosystems [Current Zoology 60 （2）： 221-232, 2014].

关键词： Climate change Indicators Traits Freshwater Macroinvertebrates ecoregions

Mapping mountain areas: learning from Global, european and Norwegian perspectives

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Journal of Mountain Science 2019年第1期16卷 1-15页

作者： Martin F.PRICe Tor ARNeSeN erik GL?eRSeN Marc J.MeTZGeR Centre for Mountain Studies Perth College University of the Highlands and Islands Mountain Research Programme Eastern Norway Research Institute Spatial Foresight Territorial Policy Support and Research Research Institute of Geography and the Lived environment School of GeoSciences University of Edinburgh

Defining the spatial extent of mountain areas has long been a challenge. In the present century, the availability of digital elevation models(DeMs) incorporated into geographic information systems(GIS) has allowed the definition of mountain areas based on topographic and other criteria. This paper presents the various delineations of mountains that have been prepared at three scales – global, regional(europe), and national – and explores the reasons and processes leading to these delineations, and how they have been used. A detailed case study is then presented for Norway. Overall, two types of approaches to mapping mountains have been taken: first, considering mountains per se, based on elevation and/or topography; second, considering them among other categories, e.g., landforms or biogeographical, environmental or landscape zones. All attempts to map mountain areas derive essentially from the objectives of those commissioning and/or undertaking the work; a unitary definition remains unlikely.

关键词： Mountains Mapping Geographic information systems europe Norway Topography

Impacts of inorganic salts ions on the polar components desorption efficiency from tight sandstone:A molecular dynamics simulation and QCM-D study

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Petroleum Science 2022年第2期19卷 900-915页

作者： Shun Wang Jing Wang Hui-Qing Liu Hong-Quan Zhang Fang-Na Liu Ronald Omara erik State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Prospecting in China University of Petroleum Beijing102249China MOe Key Laboratory of Petroleum engineering in China University of Petroleum Beijing102249China Research Institute of Shanxi Yanchang Petroleum(Group)Co. Ltd.XianShanxi710075China

Ions in brine significantly affect ***,the mechanism of eOR with different brine is still *** Combining Molecular Dynamics(MD)method and Quartz Crystal Microbalance with Dissipation(QCM-D)technology to analyze ions distribution and the mechanisms in detaching acidic components on the sandstone,an effective method to determine the detaching capacity was *** results show that detaching capacity is related to ions distribution and hydration *** the oil/brine/rock system,ions far from the rock are favorable for detaching,while ions near the rock are unfavorable for detaching due to ion bridging *** hydrogen bond between water and naphthenic acid is key to *** strengthen the detaching by forming hydrated ions with water,and the detaching capacity is negatively correlated with hydrated ions radius and positively correlated with the water coordination *** detaching determination coefficient was established by considering the ions distribution,ions types,and hydration strength,then verified by *** brine detaching capacity with different Ca^(2+)/Mg^(2+)ratios was predicted based on MD and detaching determination coefficient,and verified by *** optimal Ca^(2+)/Mg^(2+)ratio gave 7:*** study provides theoretical guidance for targeted regulation of brine composition to improve the recovery of tight sandstone reservoir.

关键词： Tight sandstone reservoir Smart water Molecular simulation Quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation

An Inexact Proximal Method with Proximal Distances for Quasimonotone equilibrium Problems

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Journal of the Operations Research Society of China 2017年第4期5卷 545-561页

作者： Lennin Mallma Ramirez erik Alex Papa Quiroz P.R.Oliveira Coordenação dos Programas de Pós-gaduação em engenharia-Programa de engenharia de Sistemas e Computação Federal University of Rio de JaneiroRio of JaneiroBrazil Mayor de San Marcos National University LimaPeru

In this paper,we propose an inexact proximal point method to solve equilibrium problems using proximal distances and the diagonal *** some natural assumptions on the problem and the quasimonotonicity condition on the... 详细信息

关键词： equilibrium problems Quasimonotonicity Proximal distance Proximal method

Structure-based design of novel heterocyclesubstituted ATDP analogs as non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors with improved selectivity and solubility

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2023年第12期13卷 4906-4917页

作者： Li-Min Zhao Christophe Pannecouque erik De Clerc Shuai Wang Fen-er Chen Key Laboratory of Natural Resources of Changbai Mountain&Functional Molecules Ministry of EducationYanbian University College of PharmacyYanbian UniversityYanji 133002China engineering Center of Catalysis and Synthesis for Chiral Molecules Department of ChemistryFudan UniversityShanghai 200433China Shanghai engineering Center of Industrial Asymmetric Catalysis for Chiral Drugs Shanghai 200433China Rega Institute for Medical Research KU LeuvenLeuven B-3000Belgium

Following on our recently developed biphenyl-ATDP non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor ZLM-66(SI=2019.80,S=1.9μg/mL),a series of novel heterocycle-substituted ATDP derivatives with significantly improved selectivity and solubility were identified by replacement of the biphenyl moiety of ZLM-66 with heterocyclic group with lower ***,the representative analog 7w in this series exhibited dramatically enhanced selectivity and solubility(SI=12,497.73,S=4472μg/mL)in comparison with ZLM-66(SI=2019.80,S=1.9μg/mL).This new NNRTI conferred low nanomolar inhibition of wild-type HIV-1 strain and tested mutant strains(K103N,L1001,Y181C,e138K,and K103N+Y181C).The analog also demonstrated favorable safety and pharmacokinetic profiles,as evidenced by its insensitivity to CYP and heRG,lack of mortality and pathological damage,and good oral bioavailability in rats(F=27.1%).Further development of 7w for HIV therapy will be facilitated by this valuable information.

关键词： HIV-1 RT NNRTIS ATDP Pyridone

Should antibiotics be administered before arthroscopic knee surgery? A systematic review of the literature

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2018年第11期9卷 262-270页

作者： John Carney Nathanael Heckmann erik N Mayer Ram K Alluri Carleton Thomas Vangsness George F Hatch Ⅲ Alexander e Weber Department of Orthopaedic Surgery University of Southern California

AIM To explore the current evidence surrounding the administration of prophylactic antibiotics for arthroscopic knee surgery. MeTHODS Databases were searched from inception through May of 2018 for studies examining prophylactic antibiotic use and efficacy in knee arthroscopy. Studies with patient data were further assessed for types of arthroscopic procedures performed,number of patients in the study,use of antibiotics,and outcomes with the intention of performing a pooled analysis. Data pertaining to "deep tissue infection" or "septic arthritis" were included in our analysis. Reported data on superficial infection were not included in our data analysis. For the pooled analysis,a relative risk ratio was calculated and χ~2 tests were used to assess for statistical significance between rates of infection amongst the various patient groups. Post hoc power analyses were performed to compute the statistical power obtained from our sample sizes. Number needed to treat analyses were performed for statistically significant differences by dividing 1 by the difference between the infection rates of the antibiotic and no antibiotic groups. An alpha value of 0.05 was used for our analysis. Study heterogeneity was assessed by Cochrane's Q test as well as calculation of the I^2 *** A total of 49682 patients who underwent knee ar-throscopy for a diverse set of procedures across 19 studies met inclusion critera for pooled analysis. For those not undergoing graft procedures,there were 27 cases of post-operative septic arthritis in 34487 patients(0.08%) who received prophylactic antibiotics and 16 cases in 10911(0.15%) who received none [risk ratio(RR) = 0.53,95% confidence interval(CI): 0.29-0.99,P = 0.05]. A sub-group analysis in which bony procedures were excluded was performed which found no significant difference in infection rates between patients that received prophylactic antibiotics and patients that did not(P > 0.05). All anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction

关键词： Knee arthroscopy Antibiotics Systematic review Vancomycin Anterior cruciate ligament

energy harvesting textiles for a rainy day:woven piezoelectrics based on melt-spun PVDF microfibres with a conducting core

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npj Flexible electronics 2018年第1期2卷 67-75页

作者： Anja Lund Karin Rundqvist erik Nilsson Liyang Yu Bengt Hagstrom Christian Muller Department of Chemistry and Chemical engineering Chalmers University of TechnologyGöteborg 41296Sweden The Swedish School of Textiles University of BorasBoras 50190Sweden Department of Materials Swerea IVFBox 104Mölndal 43122Sweden Department of Industrial and Materials Science Chalmers University of TechnologyGoteborg 41296Sweden

Recent advances in ubiquitous low-power electronics call for the development of light-weight and flexible energy *** textile format is highly attractive for unobtrusive harvesting of energy from e.g.,biomechanical ***,we report the manufacture and characterisation of fully textile piezoelectric generators that can operate under wet *** use a weaving loom to realise textile bands with yarns of melt-spun piezoelectric microfibres,that consist of a conducting core surrounded byβ-phase poly(vinylidene fluoride)(PVDF),in the warp *** core-sheath constitution of the piezoelectric microfibres results in a—for electronic textiles—unique *** inner electrode is fully shielded from the outer electrode(made up of conducting yarns that are integrated in the weft direction)which prevents shorting under wet *** a result,and in contrast to other energy harvesting textiles,we are able to demonstrate piezoelectric fabrics that do not only continue to function when in contact with water,but show enhanced *** piezoelectric bands generate an output of several volts at strains below one *** show that integration into the shoulder strap of a laptop case permits the continuous generation of four microwatts of power during a brisk *** promising performance,combined with the fact that our solution uses scalable materials and well-established industrial manufacturing methods,opens up the possibility to develop wearable electronics that are powered by piezoelectric textiles.

关键词： piezoelectric harvesting electrode

Diclofenac sodium aqueous systems at low concentrations: Interconnection between physicochemical properties and action on hydrobionts

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2020年第2期32卷 177-186页

作者： Irina S.Ryzhkina Yuliya V.Kiseleva Lyaisan I.Murtazina Tatyana V.Kuznetsova erik R.Zainulgabidinov Igor V.Knyazev Andrew M.Petrov Sergey e.Kondakov Alexander I.Konovalov Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry FRC Kazan Scientific CenterRussian Academy of Sciences8 Arbuzov str.Kazan 420088Russia Institute for Problems of ecology and Mineral Wealth Use of Tatarstan Academy of Sciences 28 Daurskaya Str.Kazan 420087Russia Lomonosov Moscow State University Chemistry Dept.1/3 Lenin HillsMoscow 119899Russia

Diclofenac sodium(DS) is a widely used nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug(NSAIDs).NSAIDs are poorly removed during standard wastewater *** consequences of the presence of NSAIDs in rivers and lakes at 10-11–10-8 mol/L are not yet established;therefore, ecotoxicologists have focused their efforts on studying the effect of lowconcentration NSAIDs on fish and hydrobionts, and also on predicting the potential risks to *** provides some information about the bioeffects of some NSAID solutions in low concentrations but there is no physicochemical explanation for these *** the physicochemical patterns of DS solutions in the low range of concentrations and establishing an interconnection between the solutions’ physicochemical properties and bioeffects can provide a conceptually new and important source of information regarding the unknown effects of *** physicochemical properties and action of DS solutions on Ceriodaphnia affinis cladocerans,Paramecium caudatum infusoria, Chlorella vulgaris unicellular green algae, as well as on the growth of the roots of Triticum vulgare wheat seeds, were studied in the calculated concentration range of 1 × 10-3–1 × 10-18 mol/*** relationship between these phenomena was established using the certified procedures for monitoring the toxicity of natural water and *** was shown for the first time that water solutions of DS are dispersed systems in which the dispersed phase undergoes a rearrangement with dilution, accompanied by changes in its size and properties, which affects the nonmonotonic dependences of the system’s physicochemical properties and could cause nonmonotonic changes in action on hydrobionts in the low concentration range.

关键词： Diclofenac sodium Low concentration Aqueous solutions Physicochemical properties Hydrobionts Toxicity

Supergiant Barocaloric effects in Acetoxy Silicone Rubber over a Wide Temperature Range:Great Potential for Solid-state Cooling

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2020年第9期38卷 999-1005,I0008页

作者： William Imamura erik Oda Usuda Lucas Soares Paixao Nicolau Molina Bom Angelo Marcio Gomes Alexandre Magnus Gomes Carvalho Faculdade de engenharia Mec(a)nica UNICAMPCEP 13083-860CampinasSPBrazil Universidade Federal de Sāo Paulo UNIFESPCEP 09913-030DiademaSPBrazil Instituto de Física Gleb Wataghin UNICAMPCEP 13083-859CampinasSPBrazil Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology ICN208860 BelaterraBarcelonaSpain The Institute of Photonic Sciences ICFO08193 CastelldefelsBarcelonaSpain Instituto de Física UFRJCEP 21941-972Rio de JaneiroRJBrazil Departamento de engenharia Mec(a)nica UEMCEP 87020-900MaringáPRBrazil

Solid-state cooling based on caloric effects is considered a viable alternative to replace the conventional vapor-compression refrigeration *** barocaloric materials,recent results show that elastomers are promising candidates for cooling applications around *** the present paper,we report supergiant barocaloric effects observed in acetoxy silicone rubber—a very popular,low-cost and environmentally friendly *** values of adiabatic temperature change and reversible isothermal entropy change were obtained upon moderate applied pressures and relatively low *** huge barocaloric changes are associated both to the polymer chain rearrangements induced by confined compression and to the first-order structural *** results are comparable to the best barocaloric materials reported so far,opening encouraging prospects for the application of elastomers in near future solid-state cooling devices.

关键词： Solid-state cooling Barocaloric effect elastomer Silicone rubber Crystalline-amorphous transition