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Foaming supramolecular surfactants for gas mobility control in naturally fractured carbonate reservoirs at high temperature,salinity,and hardness

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Petroleum Science 2022年第6期19卷 3134-3148页

作者： Enrique Soto-Castruita Raúl Hern andez-Altamirano Eduardo Buenrostro-González erick-ema.uel luna.rojero Sung Jae Ko-Kim Violeta-Yasmín Mena-Cervantes Mirna Pons-Jiménez Jorge-Francisco Ramírez-Pérez David-Aaσn Nieto-Alvarez Ricardo Cerón-Camacho Jos e-Ernesto Parra Raúl Oviedo-Roa Jos e-Manuel Martínez-Magadán Rodolfo Cisneros-Dévora Luis-S.Zamudio-Rivera Instituto Mexicano del Petr oleo Eje Central Lazaro Cardenas Norte 152Col.San Bartolo AtepehuacanCiudad de Mexico07730Mexico CONACy T-Instituto Mexicano del Petroleo Eje Central Lazaro Cardenas Norte 152Col.San Bartolo AtepehuacanCiudad de Mexico07730Mexico Centro Mexicano para la Produccion mas Limpia Instituto Politecnico NacionalAvenida Acueducto s/nCol.La Laguna TicomanCiudad de Mexico07340Mexico Centro de Tecnologías para Exploracion y Produccion Camino de Terracería 800Col.San Jose NovilleroBoca delRíoVeracruz94286Mexico

Oil production and mainte nance are essential issues in naturally fractured reservoirs because they are the largest and most productive on ***,they present early water and gas channeling but could be remediated by using foaming agents to control these phenomena through blocking channeling *** Mexico these reservoirs have pressure up to 5,500 psi,high temperature up to 200℃,salinity up to400,000 ppm,and hardness up to 250,000 ppm;due to these thermodynamic conditions,there has been no available technology to form stable enough *** this work,a foaming supramolecular surfactant with the capability to chelate Ca^(2+)ions is *** a result,surfactant monomers are bridged by captured Ca^(2+)cations leading to the formation of high-molecular-weight oligomers,which significantly increment the viscosity of the solution improving the foam stability,and since at this manner the Ca2+cations are no longer available to precipitate as components of solid salts,the foaming supramolecular surfactant also performs as *** observations are explained through quantum theoretical *** foam is stable,effectively blocking the gas channels,whereas in presence of oil the foam is broken leading the oil to pass into the *** characteristic rheological properties of the foam allow its injection into the formation at a range of flow rates,foam qualities,and shear stress to achieve the flooding and the blocking of a variety of fractured carbonate formations,and the change of the wettability of the matrix,which is a desirable behavior in a huff and puff process,as reported in a previous publication about a successful pilot test of this foam.

关键词： Calcium chelation Foaming composition Supramolecular surfactant Molecular design Gas mobility control Flow assurance Improved oil recovery Conformance control

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Interferon Regulatory Factor 5 and Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System Polymorphisms in Coronary Artery Disease: An Overview of Experimental and Clinical Studies

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World Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases 2021年第7期11卷 332-341页

作者： Jorge Luis Bermudez-Gonzalez Rodrigo Dagio-Cuellar Cristina Villarreal-Guerrero Ana Gilabert-Garcia Luis Angel Ferral-Barbabosa Joaquin Berarducci Jose Luis Siller-Nava Jose Antonio luna-Alvarez-Amezquita Javier Iván Armenta-Moreno Nilda Espínola-Zavaleta erick Alexanderson-Rosas Juan Ignacio Straface National Institute of Cardiology Ignacio Chavez Mexico City Mexico Medicine Faculty of National Autonomous University of Mexico Mexico City Mexico

Heart diseases are the main cause of mortality in Mexico, being coronary heart disease the most frequent in the country. Its high prevalence makes important the study of the pathophysiology and the search for prognostic factors. Different genes and polymorphisms promote atherogenesis and coronary artery disease, they affect inflammatory and vascular pathological processes. Interferon regulatory factor 5 (IRF5) is associated with coronary heart disease, it promotes chronic inflammation and cytokines release;it could trigger immune reactions and its activating receptors express in the vascular endothelium. Besides, polymorphisms in the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) are implied with coronary disease, they are found in angiotensinogen (AGT), angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R), angiotensin II type 2 receptor (AT2R), and angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) genes. These genetic polymorphisms are associated with a prothrombotic state, endothelial dysfunction, and immune activation. Multiple experimental studies showed that chronic activation of RAAS and chronic expression of IRF5 generates an environment prone to the development of atherosclerosis, and autoimmune and cardiovascular diseases. Studying these specific genes and their relationship with coronary heart disease will allow a better understanding of the pathological process and possibly the quest for new treatments.

关键词： Interferon Regulatory Factor 5 (IRF5) Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) Angiotensinogen (AGT) Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor (AT1R) Angiotensin II Type 2 Receptor (AT2R) Polymorphisms

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Interferon Regulatory Factor 5 and Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System Polymorphisms in Coronary Artery Disease: An Overview of Experimental and Clinical Studies

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World Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases（心血管病） 2021年第7期

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