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Microbial communities biostimulated by ethanol during uranium （VI） bioremediation in contaminated sediment as shown by stable isotope probing

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2015年第3期9卷 453-464页

作者： Mary Beth LEIGh Wei-Min WU erick CARDENAS Ondrej UhLIK Sue CARroLL Terry GENTRY Terence L. MARSh Jizhong ZhOU Philip JARDINE Craig S. CRIDDLE James M. TIEDJE Center for Microbial Ecology Michigan State University East Lansing MI 48824 USA Institute of Arctic Biology University of Alaska Fairbanks Fairbanks AK 99775 USA Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Center for Sustainable Development & Global Competitiveness Codiga Resource Recovery Center Stanford University Stanford CA 94305-4020 USA Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology Institute of Chemical Technology Prague Technicka 3 166 28 Prague Czech Republic Environmental Sciences Division Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge TN 37831 USA Department of Botany and Microbiology University of Oklahoma Norman OK 73019 USA Department of Crop and Soil Sciences Texas A&M University College Station TX 77843 USA

Stable isotope probing （SIP） was used to identify microbes stimulated by ethanol addition in microcosms containing two sediments collected from the bioremediation test zone at the US Department of Energy Oak Ridge site, TN, USA. One sample was highly bioreduced with ethanol while another was less reduced. Microcosms with the respective sediments were amended with ^13C labeled ethanol and incubated for 7 days for SIP. Ethanol was rapidly converted to acetate within 24h accompanied with the reduction of nitrate and sulfate. The accumulation of acetate persisted beyond the 7 d period. Aqueous U did not decline in the microcosm with the reduced sediment due to desorption of U but continuously declined in the less reduced sample. Microbial growth and concomitant 13C-DNA production was detected when ethanol was exhausted and abundant acetate had accumulated in both microcosms. This coincided with U（VI） reduction in the less reduced sample. I3C originating from ethanol was ultimately utilized for growth, either directly or indirectly, by the dominant microbial community members within 7 days of incubation. The microbial community was comprised predominantly of known denitrifiers, sulfate-reducing bacteria and iron （Ⅲ） reducing bacteria including Desulfovibrio, Sphingomonas, Ferribacterium, Rhodanobacter, Geothrix, Thiobacillus and others, including the known U（VI）-redueing bacteria Acidovorax, Anaeromyxobacter, Desulfovibrio, Geobac- ter and Desulfosporosinus. The findings suggest that ethanol biostimulates the U（VI）-reducing microbial com- munity by first serving as an electron donor for nitrate, sulfate, iron （Ih） and U（VI） reduction, and acetate which then functions as electron donor for U（VI） reduction and carbon source for microbial growth.

关键词： Stable isotope probing (S/P) ethanol acetate uranium reduction sediment bioremediation

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Use of Agaricus bisporus mushroom in beef burgers:antioxidant,flavor enhancer and fat replacing potential

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食物生产加工与营养(英文) 2019年第1期1卷 64-78页

作者： Iliani Patinho erick Saldaña Miriam Mabel Selani Adriano Costa de Camargo Thais Cardoso Merlo Beatriz Schmidt Menegali Anna Paula de Souza Silva Carmen J.Contreras-Castillo Departamento de Agroindústria Alimentos e Nutrição(LAN)Escola Superior de Agricultura“Luiz de Queiroz”(ESALQ)Universidade de São Paulo(USP)Avenida Pádua Dias11PiracicabaSP 13418-900Brazil Centro de Ciências da Natureza Campus Lagoa do SinoUniversidade Federal de São CarlosRod.Lauri Simões de BarrosKm 12BuriSPBrazil Departamento de Ciencias Vegetales Facultad de Agronomía e Ingeniería ForestalPontificia Universidad Católica de ChileCasilla306-22 SantiagoChile Facultad de Ingeniería Agroindustrial Universidad Nacional de Moquegua(UNAM)MoqueguaPeru

This study aimed to evaluate the potential use of Agaricus bisporus mushroom as a natural antioxidant,fat/salt substitute and flavor enhancer in beef *** treatments were considered using a fractional factorial design(salt[0.5,1.25 and 2.0%],fat[10,15 and 20%]and mushroom content[0,15 and 30%]).Treatments were characterized by instrumental and sensory *** statistical design indicated that fat content had little influence on the *** principal component analysis showed that the incorporation of mushrooms and salt modified the texture,moisture and water *** stability decreased as the salt content increased,at a low-fat ***,the sensory profile was affected by the mushroom and salt contents,with the fat content exerting the least ***,mushroom incorporation in beef burger may be a feasible strategy to reduce the fat content of beef burgers.

关键词： Beef burger Agaricus bisporus Lipid oxidation Texture profile analysis Descriptive analysis

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Fuzzy Analysis and Evaluation of Public Transport Service Quality: A Case Study of Dar es Salaam City, Tanzania

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Journal of Transportation Technologies 2016年第5期6卷 297-311页

作者： erick P. Massami Benitha M. Myamba Leticia Edward Unit for Applied Mathematics Dar es Salaam Institute of Technology Dar es Salaam Tanzania Department of Logistics and Transport Studies National Institute of Transport Dar es Salaam Tanzania Department of Computing and Communication Technologies National Institute of Transport Dar es Salaam Tanzania

Urban public transport plays a critical role in stimulating economic development of any nation since most of the revenues come from cities. The majority of the city dwellers of any country use public transport. The evaluation of public transport service quality provides a valuable feedback to commuter operators to ensure continuous improvement of level of service and to the government to take appropriate measures for enhancing the quality of public transport service. This paper analyses and evaluates service quality of road Public Transport (RPT) (i.e. minibuses and buses) and Urban Rail Transport (URT) in Dar es Salaam City, Tanzania. Since service quality and its attributes are intangible and vague, a fuzzy evaluation model is developed and applied. The formulated model is composed of Fuzzy Entropy Method (FEM) and Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS). The overall evaluation procedure is as follows: initially, an intensive literature search and experts’ opinions are employed to establish criteria for evaluating the service quality of public transport in Dar es Salaam City. The developed FEM is used to obtain criteria weight. Lastly, the formulated TOPSIS is used to provide an overall ranking of urban public transport service quality. The overall evaluation shows that urban rail transport outperforms road public transport in terms of service quality. Nevertheless, the urban rail transport service in Dar es Salaam City is currently not well developed as it is provided on very limited routes. Thus, the Tanzania government, the rail transport operator i.e. Tanzania Railway Limited (TRL) and the agency responsible for the provision of rail infrastructure i.e. Reli Assets holding Company (RAhCO) are advised to design and employ Public-Private-Partnership (PPP) schemes i.e. concession contracts to invest more in rolling stocks, locomotives and rail wagons so that the rail transport service is available on many routes of the road public

关键词： Service Quality Urban Public Transport Entropy Method Fuzzy TOPSIS Dar es Salaam City

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Quality Issues in the Expansion of University Education in Kenya, the human Resource challenges and Opportunities

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Chinese Business Review 2012年第6期11卷 596-605页

作者： charles Kombo Okioga erick Nyakundi Onsongo Yobes Benjamin Nyaboga Kisii University College Kisii Kenya

This paper gives an analysis of the quality issues in the expansion of university education in Kenya examining the human resource challenges and opportunities. It examines a variety of factors that impact the nature, content, and mode of delivery of the teaching. The paper is an introduction and highlights the importance of higher education to societal development. It observes that higher education enables individuals to develop their capabilities to the highest potential, serves the needs of an adaptive, sustainable and knowledge based economy and plays a major role in shaping a democratic, civilized and inclusive society. It is thus seen as the key to progress in the 21 st century. It examines government policy with respect to education in general and higher education in particular. It is noted that the government recognizes the important role that education plays to foster national development and has therefore through various policy instruments sought to ensure that access, relevance, and quality become the major areas of the development of higher education in the country. The management of the universities in the country has faced serious human resource challenges. These challenges arise from the fact that the rapid expansion of university education in the country has not been accompanied with provision of resources in order to maintain high standards, quality, and relevance. This in turn has negatively affected the quality and relevance of the programmes. It is recommended that in order to enhance the quality of teaching, research, and service delivery.

关键词： higher education research expansion

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Procedural complexity independent of P2Y12 reaction unit(PRU)values is associated with acute in situ thrombosis in Pipeline flow diversion of cerebral aneurysms

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Stroke & Vascular Neurology 2018年第3期3卷 169-175页

作者： Bowen Jiang Matthew T Bender erick M Westbroek Jessica K Campos Li-Mei Lin Risheng Xu Rafael J Tamargo Judy huang Geoffrey P Colby Alexander L Coon Department of Neurosurgery Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMarylandUSA Department of Neurosurgery University of CaliforniaIrvine School of MedicineOrangeCaliforniaUSA Department of Neurosurgery University of CaliforniaLos AngelesLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA

background Acute in situ thrombosis is an ischaemic phenomenon during Pipeline embolisation device(PED)procedures with potentially high morbidity and *** is controversy regarding the role of platelet function testing with P2Y12 assay as a predictor of intraprocedural thromboembolic *** is limited knowledge on whether procedural complexity influences these *** Data were collected retrospectively on 742 consecutive PED cases at a single *** with intraprocedural acute thrombosis were compared with patients without these *** A cohort of 37 PED cases with acute in situ thrombosis(mean age 53.8 years,mean aneurysm size 8.4 mm)was matched with a cohort of 705 PED cases without intraprocedural thromboembolic events(mean age 56.4 years,mean aneurysm size 6.9 mm).All patients with in situ thrombosis received intra-arterial and/or intravenous *** two groups were evenly matched in patient demographics,previous treatment/subarachnoid hemorrhage(SAh)and aneurysm *** was no statistical difference in postprocedural P2Y12 reaction unit(PRU)values between the two groups,with a mean of 156 in the in situ thrombosis group vs 148 in the control group(p=0.5894).Presence of cervical carotid tortuosity,high cavernous internal carotid artery grade,need for multiple PED and vasospasm were not significantly different between the two *** in situ thrombosis group had statistically significant longer fluoroscopy time(60.4 vs 38.4 min,phigher radiation exposure(3476 vs 2160 mGy,phigher rates of adjunctive coiling(24.3% vs 8.37%,p=0.0010)and higher utilisation of balloon angioplasty(37.8% vs 12.2%,phe in situ thrombosis cohort had higher incidence of major and minor stroke,intracerebral haemorrhage and length of *** Predictors of procedural complexity(higher radiation exposure,longer fluoroscopy time,adjunctive coiling and need for balloon angioplasty)are asso

关键词： P2Y12 matched balloon

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Modeling the Interaction between a Thermal Flow and a Liquid: Review and Future Eulerian-Lagrangian Approaches

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Open Journal of Fluid Dynamics 2018年第3期8卷 264-285页

作者： Stéphane Vincent erick Meillot Céline Caruyer Jean-Paul Caltagirone Université Paris-Est Marne la Vallée Laboratoire MSME UMR 8208 Champs-Sur-Marne France CEA-DAM Le Ripault F-37 260 Monts France Université de Bordeaux Laboratoire I2M Pessac Cedex France

Suspension Plasma Spraying is a complex process in which several physical mechanisms play a part. So the modeling and understanding of the interaction between a high-velocity and thermal flow and a liquid precursor phase is of major importance concerning the control and characterization of the process. The liquid droplet size distribution has a high influence on the kinetic properties of the as-sprayed nanometer particles before impacting on a target substrate. An overview of existing models is provided dealing with the penetration of the liquid phase into the thermal flame and the resulting fragmentation and vaporization of this phase before impact. The physical characteristics of the flow as well as existing Lagrangian and Eulerian modeling strategies are briefly discussed while paying attention to the physical parameters characterized and measured by numerical simulation. The potential of the various models and also their limits are intended to be highlighted. Future coupled Eulerian-Lagrangian modeling strategies are also proposed for a global and more exhaustive representation of the injection, fragmentation and dispersion part of the two-phase gas-liquid flow before particle impact on the substrate.

关键词： Modeling Liquid/Plasma Interaction Fragmentation Thermal Spraying Simulation

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Simultaneous Modelling of Gravity and Magnetic Data in a Measured heat Flux Area to characterize Geothermal heat Sources: A Case for Eburru Geothermal Complex, Kenya

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2021年第5期9卷 40-54页

作者： erick Rayora Nyakundi Githiri J. Gitonga Maurice O. K’Orowe Department of Physics Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology Nairobi Kenya

Forward modelling of gravity and magnetic data was done simultaneously to show the correlation between gravity and magnetic anomalies on a measured heat flux region. The results were used to characterize the heat source structures in Eburru area. Modelling was done using Oasis montaj geosoft software which is an iteration process where the gravity and magnetic anomalies were calculated and compared to the observed residual anomaly until there was a fit. The start model was constructed based on depths from Euler deconvolution and models constrained using stratigraphy data from the existing wells in the study area. Forward modelling of gravity and magnetic data revealed intrusions within the Earth’s subsurface with depth to the top of the sources ranging from 739 m to 5811 m. The density of the sources ranges between 3.0 g/cm3 and

关键词： Forward Modelling Gravity Anomaly Magnetic Anomaly heat Source heat Flux Geothermal Gradient Eburru

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A Review of Autism Spectrum Disorder among the Somali Diaspora: Implications for Autism Care in Somalia

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Open Journal of Psychiatry 2022年第3期12卷 269-284页

作者： Zakaria Ahmed Mohamed erick Thokerunga Chunjiao Tang Ali Omar Jimale Jingyi Fan Department of Pediatrics Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University Wuhan China Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine Center for Gene Diagnosis Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University Wuhan China

Despite the dramatic increase in autism spectrum disorders (ASD) globally, no research has been conducted in Somalia regarding ASD. however, research studies from Somali immigrants (diaspora) living in Sweden, the US, the UK, etc., have been major contributors to the subject of ASD among people of Somali descent. In this review, we aimed to examine ASD among the Somali diaspora community in terms of its prevalence, possible causes, knowledge of the diseases among the diaspora community, and the challenges faced in raising ASD-affected children in a foreign country. These findings create a general picture of the magnitude of the burden of ASD diagnosis and management and the coping mechanisms adopted by the Somali diaspora community, which are vital lessons for policymakers, child health non-governmental organizations, and the professional medical bodies aiming to tackle ASD back home in Somalia. The study found that ASD is three to five times more prevalent among children of Somali descent than their peers from other backgrounds and that Somali children were generally diagnosed much later than their peers and often presented with lower intellectual abilities than their peers. Furthermore, Somali immigrants were found to have low levels of knowledge about autism, faced stigma and discrimination and often resorted to religion and a small tight circle of friends and family for social support. They faced a huge challenge of seeking access to healthcare and schools for their autistic children and have a mistrust of social services for fear of the government taking away their children. These findings raise the possibility that neglected ASD cases may be prevalent in Somalia and thus makes recommendations for future research, social policy development, and early intervention services for individuals with autism in Somalia.

关键词： Autism ASD Somali Immigrants Diaspora

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Evaluation of Protector 700 Wd in Controlling Tobacco Pests in Tanzania

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Journal of Agricultural Chemistry and Environment 2023年第2期12卷 134-141页

作者： Donatha Raphael Dunda Magdalena Raphael Ntatilwa Elimboto Ibrahim Muna erick Anthony Zawadi Tobacco Research Institute of Tanzania Tabora Tanzania

In Tanzania, tobacco is an important cash crop benefiting most farmers and stakeholders. however, the crop is characterized by a low yield per unit area. Several factors are responsible for the low yield and quality of tobacco, among which are damages caused by the insects and other pests. Major insect pests of tobacco are cutworms (Agrotis spp), budworms (heliothis virescens (F.)), (Lepidoptera Noctuidae) and aphids (Myzus persicae, Aphis tabaci) (homoptera: Aphididae). These pests adversely affect crop growth, yield and leaf quality. In order to reduce insect attack in tobacco, applying pesticides is a critical management practices. In Tanzania, various pesticides have been approved for use in controlling the pests. Currently, farmers are using Bamethrine 2.5 EC to control the pests. The Pesticide named Protector 700 WG with an active ingredient imidacloprid 700 g/kg is a new product introduced in Tanzania during the 2021/22 crop season. Research trials were conducted in three research sites, namely Ulowa-Kahama, Tumbi-Tabora and Mtanila-Chunya, on Protector 700 WG efficacy in different rates, 15 g, 20 g, and 25 g each dissolved in 20 litres of water. The Protector 700 Wg was compared with the standard pesticide (Bamethrin 2.5 EC). Absolute control was also inclusive where the plot had no application of pesticides. The results showed that Protector 700 WG at all rates outweigh the commonly used pesticide. The difference in the number of pests between Protector 700 WG and Bamethrin 2.5 EC was significantly at P hts, the yield was significantly different at P however, when yield and number of insects were compared among the rates of protector, there was no significant difference. From these results, farmers are advised applying Protector 700 WG at the rate of 0.15 kg/ha by dissolving it in 200 litres of water.

关键词： Tobacco Insect Protector

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Risk of Autism Spectrum Disorder According to the Dose and Trimester of Exposure to Antiseizure Medications: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

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Open Journal of Psychiatry 2023年第2期13卷 106-121页

作者： Zakaria Ahmed Mohamed erick Thokerunga Ali Omar Jimale Zhichen Liu Jingyi Fan Department of Pediatrics Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University Wuhan China Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine Center for Gene Diagnosis Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University Wuhan China

Background: The association between prenatal exposure to antiseizure medications (ASM) and autism spectrum disorder has been documented. This study sought to examine and synthesize evidence from studies that have evaluated these associations, with particular focus on the trimester of pregnancy and dosage of exposure. Methodology: PubMed, Embase, and PsycINFO databases were searched following strict inclusion/exclusion criteria. 10 studies were recruited involving children born to mothers with epilepsy who took ASM during pregnancy as cases, and those with epilepsy who did not take any ASM in pregnancy. Results: The relative risk of developing ASD among children exposed to valproic acid (RR, 3.90 [95% CI: 2.36 - 6.44], p higher than that of carbamazepine (RR, 1.65 [95% CI: 0.62 - 4.37], p he trimester of exposure and dosage of ASM administered were not significant. Conclusion: In summary, prenatal exposure to ASM increased the risk of developing ASD in children. The relative risk was twice as high in those exposed to valproic acid compared to those exposed to carbamazepine or lamotrigine. Trimester of pregnancy and dosage of ASM used by the mothers were not significant.

关键词： Autism Anti-Seizure Anticonvulsants Anti-Epileptic Fetal Prenatal

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