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Chondrocyte Production of Pro-Inflammatory Chemokine MCP-1 (CCL-2) and Prostaglandin E-2 Is Inhibited by Avocado/Soybean Unsaponifiables, Glucosamine, Chondroitin Sulfate Combination

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Pharmacology & Pharmacy 2018年第1期9卷 10-26页

作者： erica j. secor Mark W. Grzanna Ann M. Rashmir-Raven Carmelita G. Frondoza College of Veterinary Medicine Cornell University Ithaca New York USA Department of Research and Development Nutramax Laboratories Inc. Edgewood USA College of Veterinary Medicine Michigan State University East Lansing USA Department of Orthopedic Surgery Johns Hopkins University Baltimore USA College of Veterinary Medicine Mississippi State University Starkville USA

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic, painful disease affecting articulating j.ints in man and animals. It is characterized by cartilage breakdown, bone remodeling, osteophyte formation and j.int inflammation. Currently used non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs for the management of OA are known to have deleterious side effects. To address the need for alternatives, we evaluated the anti-inflammatory effects of a combination of avocado/soybean unsaponifiables (ASU), glucosamine (GLU) and chondroitin sulfate (CS) by measuring chemokine MCP-1 (monocyte chemoattractant protein 1, CCL2) and prostaglandin E-2 (PGE2) in stimulated chondrocytes. As the only cellular constituents of cartilage, chondrocytes are the source of pro-inflammatory mediators that play critical roles in the pathogenesis of OA. Chondrocytes were incubated: with: 1) control media, 2) [ASU + GLU + CS] combination, or 3) Phenylbutazone (PBZ) for 24 hours. Cells were next stimulated with IL-1β or LPS for another 24 hrs. MCP-1 and PGE2 from supernatants were quantitated by immunoassay. Another set of chondrocytes seeded in chamber slides were stimulated with IL-1β for 1 hour and then immunostained for NF-κB. Chondrocytes stimulated with IL-1β or LPS significantly increased MCP-1 and PGE2 production which were significantly reduced after treatment with [ASU + GLU + CS]. In contrast, PBZ significantly reduced PGE2 but not MCP-1 production. IL-1β stimulation induced nuclear translocation of NF-κB, which was inhibited by pre-treatment with either [ASU + GLU + CS] or PBZ. The present study provides evidence that the production of MCP-1 by chondrocytes can be inhibited by the combination of [ASU + GLU + CS] but not by PBZ. In contrast, PGE2 production was inhibited by either treatment suggesting that the production of MCP-1 and PGE2 could be independently regulated. The finding of distinct effects of [ASU + GLU + CS] on MCP-1 and PGE2 synthesis supports a scientific rationale for a multimodal treatment approach in

关键词： Inflammation Chondrocytes Avocado/Soybean Unsaponifiables Glucosamine Chondroitin Sulfate

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Resilience indicators support valuation of estuarine ecosystem restoration under climate change

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Ecosystem Health and Sustainability 2017年第4期3卷 15-33页

作者： L.A.Wainger D.H.secor C.Gurbisz W.M.Kemp P.M.Glibert E.D.Houde j.Richkus M.C.Barber Chesapeake Biological Laboratory University of Maryland Center for Environmental ScienceP.O.Box 38SolomonsMaryland 20688 USA Horn Point Laboratory University of Maryland Center for Environmental ScienceP.O.Box 775CambridgeMaryland 21613 USA National Socio-Environmental Synthesis Center 1 Park PlaceSuite 300AnnapolisMD 21401 USA RTI International 70113th St.NWSuite 750WashingtonD.C.20005 USA

Economic valuation of ecological restoration most often encompasses only the most tangible ecosystem service benefits,thereby omitting many difficult-to measure benefits,including those derived from enhanced reliability of ecosystem *** climate change is likely to impose novel ecosystem stressors,a typical approach to valuing benefits may fail to capture the contribution of ecosystem resilience to sustaining long-term ***,we generally lack predictive probabilistic models that would enable measurement and valuation of ***,alternative measures are needed to complement monetary values and broaden understanding of restoration *** use a case study of Chesapeake Bay restoration(total maximum daily load)to show that ecosystem service benefits that are typically monetized leave critical information *** address these gaps,we review evidence for ecosystem services that can be quantified or described,including changes in harmful algal bloom *** further propose two integrative indicators of estuarine resilience-the extent of submerged aquatic vegetation and spatial distribution of *** aquatic vegetation extent is indicative of qualities of ecosystems that promote positive feedbacks to water *** distributed fish populations reduce risk by promoting diverse responses to spatially heterogeneous *** synthesis and new analyses for the Chesapeake Bay suggest that resilience metrics improve understanding of restoration benefits by demonstrating how nutrient and sediment load reductions will alleviate multiple sources of stress,thereby enhancing the system’s capacity to absorb or adapt to extreme events or novel stresses.

关键词： benefit-relevant indicators climate change economic valuation ecosystem services non-monetary benefit indicators resilience total maximum daily load water quality.

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Environmental temperatures,physiology and behavior limit the range expansion of invasive Burmese pythons in southeastern USA

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Integrative Zoology 2012年第3期7卷 271-285页

作者： Elliott R.j.COBSON David G.BARKER Tracy M.BARKER Richard MAULDIN Michael L.AVERY Richard ENGEMAN Stephen secor College of Veterinary Medicine University of FloridaGainesvilleFlorida Vida Preciosa International(VPI) BoerneTexas US Department of Agriculture Wildlife ServicesNational Wildlife Research CenterFort CollinsColorado US Department of Agriculture Wildlife ServicesNational Wildlife Research CenterGainesvilleFlorida Department of Biological Sciences University of AlabamaTuscaloosaAlabamaUSA

A well-established population of Burmese pythons resides in the Everglades of southern *** in part by a report that identified much of southern USA as suitable habitat for expansion or establishment of the Burmese python,we examined the plausibility of this snake to survive winters at sites north of the *** integrated daily low and high temperatures recorded from October to February from 2005-2011 at Homestead,Orlando and Gainesville,Florida;and Aiken,South Carolina,with minimum temperatures proj.cted for python digestion(16℃),activity(5℃)and survival(0℃).Mean low and high temperatures decreased northward from Homestead to Aiken and the number of days of freezing temperatures increased *** was impaired or inhibited for 2 months in the Everglades and up to at least 5 months in Aiken,and activity was increasingly limited northward during these *** of overwinter survivorship document that a single bout of low and freezing temperatures results in python *** capacity for Burmese pythons to successfully overwinter in more temperate regions of the USA is seemingly prohibited because they lack the behaviors to seek refuge from,and the physiology to tolerate,cold *** tropical Southeast Asia is the source of the Everglades Burmese pythons,we predict it is unlikely that they will be able to successfully expand to or colonize more temperate areas of Florida and adj.ining states due to their lack of behavioral and physiological traits to seek refuge from cold temperatures.

关键词： ambient temperature Burmese python invasion snake thermal tolerance

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Nurses’ and midwives’ participation and utilization of health-related research in Kenya: Implications for evidence-based practice

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International j.urnal of Nursing Sciences 2023年第2期10卷 199-205页

作者： Daniel M.Nzengya Albanus K.Mutisya Miriam C.A.Wagoro Molly secor-Turner j.an Edwards Research and Innovation St.Paul’s UniversityLimuruKenya School of Nursing Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture&TechnologyNairobiKenya Department of Nursing Sciences University of NairobiNairobiKenya Mark and Robyn j.nes College of Nursing Montana State UniversityBozemanMTUSA Nelda C.Stark College of Nursing Texas Woman's UniversityHoustonTXUSA

Obj.ctive To assess the level of participation of nurses and midwives in health-related research,determine the status of utilization of research to inform nursing and midwifery practice in Kenya,and explore perspectives of nurses and midwives about strategies to empower nurses/midwives to engage in health research in *** Data were extracted from online survey responses of 156 nurse and midwife educators,practitioners,and managers/*** version 26 was used to analyze quantitative data;qualitative data were analyzed using Excel to organize data into *** Over one-third of participants reported ever publishing research(37.2%,58/156).Participants reported using knowledge gained in nursing school to guide practice most frequently(n=148).Utilization of research findings to guide practice was reported by 80.3%(110/137)of *** to enhance participation in the research included research training,research forums,policy reforms,and emphasis on research in *** There is need to intensify and prioritize proposed strategies to empower nurses/midwives to engage in health research.

关键词： Evidence-based practice Kenya Midwifery Nurses Research

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再谈《俄狄浦斯王》(英文)

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合肥工业大学学报（社会科学版） 2010年第1期24卷 50-55页

作者：詹姆斯·L·赛科尔英国利物浦市Smithdown路104号

对从索福克勒斯时期到约瑟夫.坎贝尔时期的傲慢进行概述,特别强调对悲剧的深入解释;傲慢,这种长期持续的"对上帝的违抗"在文学中是如何改变的。根据索福克勒斯关于悲剧的观点,对俄狄浦斯作为该剧悲剧主角的一般性解释提出疑问,说明观众... 详细信息

对从索福克勒斯时期到约瑟夫.坎贝尔时期的傲慢进行概述,特别强调对悲剧的深入解释;傲慢,这种长期持续的"对上帝的违抗"在文学中是如何改变的。根据索福克勒斯关于悲剧的观点,对俄狄浦斯作为该剧悲剧主角的一般性解释提出疑问,说明观众在该剧产生时本应知道的内容。从俄狄浦斯和伊俄卡斯特的关系和各种时期的同类著作中反复推出具有启发意义的类比。

关键词：俄狄浦斯伊俄卡斯特傲慢希腊悲剧索福克勒斯

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