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CD137 agonist potentiates the abscopal efficacy of nanoparticle-based photothermal therapy for melanoma

Nano Research 2022年第3期15卷 2300-2314页

作者： Preethi Bala Balakrishnan Debbie KLedezma Juliana Cano-Mejia Jaclyn Andricovich erica Palmer Vishal APatel Patricia SLatham Eric SYvon Alejandro Villagra Rohan Fernandes Elizabeth E.Sweeney GW Cancer Center Department of MedicineSchool of Medicine and Health SciencesGeorge Washington UniversityWashingtonDC 20052USA The Institute for Biomedical Sciences School of Medicine and Health SciencesGeorge Washington UniversityWashingtonDC 20052USA GW Cancer Center Department of Biochemistry and Molecular MedicineSchool of Medicine and Health SciencesGeorge Washington UniversityWashingtonDC 20052USA Department of Dermatology&Oncology School of Medicine and Health SciencesGeorge Washington UniversityWashingtonDC 20037USA Department of Pathology School of Medicine and Health SciencesGeorge Washington UniversityWashingtonDC 20037USA ImmunoBlue BethesdaMD 20817USA

Despite the promise of immunotherapy such as the immune checkpoint inhibitors(ICIs)anti-PD-1 and anti-CTLA-4 for advanced melanoma,only 26%–52%of patients respond,and many experience grade III/IV immune-related adverse *** by the need for an effective therapy for patients non-responsive to clinically approved ICIs,we have developed a novel nanoimmunotherapy that combines locally administered Prussian blue nanoparticle-based photothermal therapy(PBNP-PTT)with systemically administered agonistic anti-CD137 monoclonal antibody therapy(aCD137).PBNP-PTT was administered at various thermal doses to melanoma cells in vitro,and was combined with aCD137 in vivo to test treatment effects on melanoma tumor progression,animal survival,immunological protection against tumor rechallenge,and *** administered at a melanoma-specific thermal dose,PBNP-PTT elicits immunogenic cell death(ICD)in melanoma cells and upregulates markers associated with antigen presentation and immune cell co-stimulation in ***,PBNP-PTT eliminates primary melanoma tumors in vivo,yielding long-term tumor-free ***,the antitumor immune effects generated by PBNP-PTT cannot eliminate secondary tumors,despite significantly slowing their *** addition of aCD137 enables significant abscopal efficacy and improvement of survival,functioning through activated dendritic cells and tumor-infiltrating CD8^(+)T cells,and generates CD4^(+)and CD8^(+)T cell memory that manifests in the rejection of tumor rechallenge,with no long-term *** study describes for the first time a novel and effective nanoimmunotherapy combination of PBNP-PTT with aCD137 mAb therapy for melanoma.

关键词： photothermal therapy Prussian blue nanoparticles anti-CD137 melanoma nanoimmunotherapy

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Understanding fatigue in primary biliary cholangitis:From pathophysiology to treatment perspectives

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World Journal of Hepatology 2022年第6期14卷 1111-1119页

作者： erica Nicola Lynch Claudia Campani Tommaso Innocenti Gabriele Dragoni Maria Rosa Biagini Paolo Forte Andrea Galli Gastroenterology Research Unit Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences“Mario Serio”University of FlorenceFlorence 50134Italy Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine University of FlorenceFlorence 50134Italy Department of Medical Biotechnologies University of SienaSiena 53100Italy Division of Gastroenterology University Hospital“Careggi”Florence 50134Italy

Fatigue is considered one of the most frequent and debilitating symptoms in primary biliary cholangitis(PBC),affecting over 50%of PBC *** in five patients with PBC suffer from severe fatigue,which significantly impairs quality of *** is made up of a central and a peripheral component,whose pathophysiology is still greatly *** fatigue is characterised by a lack of self-motivation and can manifest both in physical and mental activities(lack of intention).Peripheral fatigue includes neuromuscular dysfunction and muscle weakness(lack of ability).Peripheral fatigue could be explained by an excessive deviation from aerobic to anaerobic metabolism leading to excessive lactic acid accumulation and therefore accelerated decline in muscle function and prolonged recovery *** opposed to itching,and with the exception of endstage liver disease,fatigue is not related to disease *** objective of this review is to outline current understanding regarding the pathophysiology of fatigue,the role of comorbidities and contributing factors,the main tools for fatigue assessment,the failed therapeutic options,and future treatment perspectives for this disabling *** fatigue is an extremely common and debilitating symptom and there is still no licensed therapy for fatigue in PBC patients,further research is warranted to understand its causative mechanisms and to find an effective treatment.

关键词： Fatigue Primary biliary cholangitis Treatment Pathophysiology Central fatigue Peripheral fatigue

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A combined analysis based on microbial communities and volatile organic compounds as a tool to study soil quality in an urban environment

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Pedosphere 2023年第4期33卷 670-675页

作者： Luisa NERI Fabiano SILLO Elisa ZAMPIERI erica LUMINI Giovanni MARTURANO Chiara Degli ESPOSTI Gianniantonio PETRUZZELLI Beniamino GIOLI Alessandro ZALDEI Rita BARALDI Raffaella BALESTRINI National Research Council Institute of BioEconomyVia Piero Gobetti 101Bologna 40129 and Via G.Caproni 8Firenze 50145(Italy) National Research Council Institute for Sustainable Plant ProtectionStrada delle Cacce 73 and Viale Mattioli 25Torino 10135 and 10125(Italy) Department of Biotechnology University of VeronaStrada Le Grazie 15Verona 37134(Italy) National Research Council Institute of Research on Terrestrial Ecosystems(IRET)Via Moruzzi 1Pisa 56124(Italy)

Dear Editor,Soil quality is defined as"the capacity of a soil to function,within ecosystem and land use boundaries,to sustain productivity,maintain environmental quality,and promote plant and animal health"(Doran and Parkin 1994).In this context,soil functionality is fundamental to the biosphere and is highly dependent on the associated *** microorganisms are relevant for terrestrial ecosystem functioning,and understanding the functional changes of the biological community in diverse soils is relevant for monitoring soil quality and developing actions to mitigate soil degradation(Madsen,2008;Delgado-Baquerizo et al.,2021).

关键词： soil volatile maintain

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Main factors influencing long-term outcomes of liver transplantation in 2022

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World Journal of Hepatology 2023年第3期15卷 321-352页

作者： Elisa Fuochi Lorenzo Anastasio erica Nicola Lynch Claudia Campani Gabriele Dragoni Stefano Milani Andrea Galli Tommaso Innocenti Gastroenterology Research Unit Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences“Mario Serio”University of FlorenceFlorence 50134Italy Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine University of FlorenceFlorence 50134Italy Department of Medical Biotechnologies University of SienaSiena 53100Italy

Liver transplant(LT)outcomes have markedly improved in the recent decades,even if long-term morbidity and mortality are still *** of late deaths are independent from graft function and different comorbidities,including complications of metabolic syndrome and de novo neoplasms,seem to play a key role in determining long-term outcomes in LT *** review discusses the main factors associated with late mortality and suggests possible strategies to improve long-term management and follow-up after liver *** particular,the reduction of drug toxicity,the use of tools to identify high-risk patients,and setting up a multidisciplinary team also for long-term management of LT recipients may further improve survival after liver transplantation.

关键词： Alcohol Liver transplantation Long term survival Metabolic syndrome Renal dysfunction Therapy adherence

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Hypoxia,angiogenesis and liver fibrogenesis in the progression of chronic liver diseases

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第3期16卷 281-288页

作者： Claudia Paternostro Ezio David erica Novo Maurizio Parola Department of Experimental Medicine and Oncology Interuniversity Centre for Hepatic PathophysiologyUniversity of Torino Department of Pathology San Giovanni Battista Hospital

Angiogenesis is a dynamic,hypoxia-stimulated and growth factor-dependent process,and is currently referred to as the formation of new vessels from preexisting blood *** and clinical studies have unequivocally reported that hepatic angiogenesis,irrespective of aetiology,occurs in conditions of chronic liver diseases(CLDs) characterized by perpetuation of cell injury and death,inflammatory response and progressive *** and related changes in liver vascular architecture,that in turn concur to increase vascular resistance and portal hypertension and to decrease parenchymal perfusion,have been proposed to favour fibrogenic progression of the disease towards the end-point of ***,hepatic angiogenesis has also been proposed to modulate the genesis of portal-systemic shunts and increase splanchnic blood flow,thus potentially affecting complications of *** angiogenesis is also crucial for the growth and progression of hepatocellular *** literature has identified a number of cellular and molecular mechanisms governing the cross-talk between angiogenesis and fibrogenesis,with a specifi c emphasis on the crucial role of hypoxic conditions and hepatic stellate cells,particularly when activated to the myofibroblast-like *** anti-angiogenic therapy has been proven to be effective in limiting the progression of CLDs in animal *** a clinical point of view,anti-angiogenic therapy is currently emerging as a new pharmacologic intervention in patients with advanced fibrosis and cirrhosis.

关键词： Chronic liver diseases Hepatic myofi broblasts Hypoxia Liver angiogenesis Liver fi brogenesis

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Human herpesvirus-8 positive iatrogenic Kaposi's sarcoma in the setting of refractory ulcerative colitis

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2017年第12期5卷 423-427页

作者： erica Duh Sean Fine Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University Department of Inflammatory Bowel Disease Warren Alpert Medical School

Although Kaposi sarcoma(KS) has been more traditionally considered an AIDS-defining illness,it may also be seen in individuals on immunosuppresive *** report a case of a patient who presented to the hospital in the setting of increasingly refractory ulcerative *** tomography scan of the abdomen was consistent with sigmoid diverticulititis and blood cultures were positive for *** a course of antibiotics with resolution of infection,a colonoscopy was performed to evaluate his diverticulitis and incidentally revealed a new rectal *** showed the tumor was consistent with KS,with cells staining strongly positive for human *** case not only illustrates a rare case of KS found in an HIV-negative individual,but it also highlights the importance of considering an alternative diagnosis in a patient refractory to medical *** discuss the management and care of an ulcerative colitis patient diagnosed with KS on immunosuppressive therapy.

关键词： Kaposi sarcoma Colorectal cancer Ulcerative colitis Inflammatory bowel disease HIV/AIDS Human herpesvirus-8

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Direct-acting antivirals and risk of hepatocellular carcinoma: from genetic signature to metabolic risk factors

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Hepatoma Research 2020年第5期6卷 27-35页

作者： Stefano Gitto erica Villa Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine University of FlorenceFlorence 50121Italy Department of Medical Specialties Gastroenterology UnitUniversity of Modena&Reggio EmiliaModena 41124Italy

Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is the fifth most common malignancy and the second leading cause of cancerrelated *** C virus and mainly hepatitis C virus-related cirrhosis is the chief risk factor for *** direct-acting antivirals are available for the eradication of hepatitis C virus with remarkable results in terms of virological response and with optimal safety ***,some authors have suggested that viral eradication due to these new drugs might favor both occurrence and recurrence of *** exact biological mechanisms of carcinogenesis in this specific setting have not been well identified,but it has been suggested that adjustments in immune surveillance and increase in vascular endothelial growth factor expression could have a chief ***,after publication of many large studies and meta-analyses,we can affirm that there is no increased risk on a population ***,on an individual basis,sustained virological response due to direct-acting antivirals may facilitate HCC onset in some specific subgroups of *** them,we could point out patients with activated neoangiogenesis but also subjects with particularly severe metabolic imbalance.

关键词： Direct-acting antivirals hepatocellular carcinoma carcinogenesis

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Higher volume growth rate is associated with development of worrisome features in patients with branch duct-intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2022年第17期10卷 5667-5679页

作者： Tommaso Innocenti Ginevra Danti erica Nicola Lynch Gabriele Dragoni Matteo Gottin Filippo Fedeli Daniele Palatresi Maria Rosa Biagini Stefano Milani Vittorio Miele Andrea Galli Gastroenterology Research Unit Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences"Mario Serio"University of FlorenceFlorence 50134Italy Emergency Radiology Unit Department of ServicesCareggi University HospitalFlorence 50134Italy Department of Medical Biotechnologies University of SienaSiena 53100Italy

BACKGROUND Branch duct-intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms(BD-IPMNs)are the most common pancreatic cystic tumours and have a low risk of malignant *** guidelines only evaluate cyst diameter as an important risk factor but it is not always easy to measure,especially when comparing different *** the other side,cyst volume is a new parameter with low interobserver variability and is highly reproducible over *** To assess both diameter and volume growth rate of BD-IPMNs and evaluate their correlation with the development of malignant *** Computed tomography scans and magnetic resonance imaging exams were retrospectively *** diameter was measured on three planes,while the volume was calculated by segmentation:The volume of the entire cyst was determined by manually drawing a region of interest along the edge of the neoplasm on each consecutive slice covering the whole lesion;therefore,a threedimensional volume of interest was finally obtained with the calculated value expressed in cm^(3).Changes in size over time were *** development of worrisome features was *** We evaluated exams of 98 patients across a 40.5-mo median follow-up *** patients developed worrisome *** at baseline were significantly larger in patients who developed worrisome features(diameters P=0.0035,P=0.00652,P=0.00424;volume P=0.00222).Volume growth rate was significantly higher in patients who developed worrisome features(1.12 cm^(3)/year vs 0 cm^(3)/year,P=0.0001);diameter growth rate was higher as well,but the difference did not always reach statistical *** but not diameter growth rate in the first year of follow-up was higher in patients who developed worrisome features(0.46 cm^(3)/year vs 0 cm^(3)/year,P=0.00634).CONCLUSION The measurement of baseline volume and its variation over time is a reliable tool for the follow-up of *** measurement could be a better tool than

关键词： Intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms Cyst Volume Growth Worrisome features Malignancies

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Key Factors Involved in Lamb Quality from Farm to Fork in Europe

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2013年第11期12卷 1919-1930页

作者： Carlos Saudo erica Muela María del Mar Campo Department of Animal Production and Food Science University of Zaragoza

World lamb consumption is approximately 2 kg per capita with large variations between continents, e.g., 17 kg in Oceania vs. 0.7 kg in North America. With less than one million tonnes, the international trade of sheep meat contributes to a small percentage of the total meat exchanged between countries. On the other hand, lamb represents the highest rate of species trading in relation to the total sheep meat produced. It is therefore likely to ifnd a wide variability of different lamb products in the same market, and that the conservation procedures （such as refrigeration, packaging or freezing）, chemical composition, especially the fat due to its implication in human health, lfavour development and juiciness perception （affected, i.e., by the feeding or the age or slaughter weight of the animal） and acceptability （based on culinary background） could be considered important indicators of this advantageous situation. In this paper some studies related to the aforementioned indicators are discussed.

关键词： technology chemical composition consumer preferences

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Natural enemies depend on remnant habitat size in agricultural landscapes

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Journal of Forestry Research 2015年第2期26卷 469-477页

作者： Mainara Xavier Jordani erica Hasui Vinicius Xavier da Silva Laboratorio de Ecologia Animal Departamento de Zoologia e BotanicaUniversidade Estadual Paulista-UNESPRua Cristovao Colombo2265Jardim NazarethSao Jose Do Rio PretoSP CEP 15054-000Brazil Laboratorio de Ecologia de Fragmentos do Sul de Minas Gerais-ECOFRAG Instituto Ciencias da NaturezaUniversidade Federal de Alfenas-UNIFAL–MGRua Gabriel Monteiro da Silva700CentroAlfenasMG CEP 37130-000Brazil

In recent decades,the consequences of habitat fragmentation have been of growing concern,because it is particularly important to understand how fragmentation may affect biodiversity,an ecological *** tested two hypotheses：（1） that natural fragment size in agricultural landscapes indirectly affects the herbivore through effects on natural predator populations;and（2） predator activity into the crop reduces along the distance from the natural fragment *** 2008 and 2009,we conducted our study in seven forest remnants and in surrounding coffee plantations（fragments ranged from 6 to 105 ha,mean 49.28 ± 36.60 ha） in Southern Minas Gerais,*** were sampled by point counts,and insect predation was evaluated by using an artificial insect model（Koh and Menge 2006）.Our results suggest that although there were many potential predators（e.g.,wasps,ants,birds,and mammals）,birds were the most important taxon *** covariance analysis supported the hypothesis that patch size affected the number of larvae predation by overall taxi,but there was no support for a distance *** findings suggest that natural enemies’ ecological service（mainly from birds） declined with remnant reduction,which has implications not only for human welfare,but also in strengthening the economic justifications for conserving the remaining natural habitats and biodiversity in agricultural landscapes.

关键词： Ecosystem service Fragmentation Isolation Insectivore Predation

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