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Journal of Materials science and Chemical Engineering 2024年第4期12卷 1-17页

作者： Djedjess Essoh Jules-César Meledje Bi Irié Marc Gouli Drissa Ouattara Kra Vanh eric.simon Zran Adjourma Konate Albert Trokourey Laboratoire de Chimie des Eaux (LCE) de l’ Ecole Normale Sup&#233rieure d&#8217Abidjan Abidjan C&#244te d&#8217Ivoire Laboratoire de Constitution et Ré action de la Mati&#232re (LCRM) &#224 l&#8217UFR SSMT-Universit&#233 F&#233lix Houphou&#235t-Boigny (UFHB) de Cocody Abidjan C&#244te d&#8217Ivoire

The availability of groundwater of acceptable quality has become a difficult challenge to meet in many countries, particularly Côte d’Ivoire. The state of Côte d’Ivoire and rural populations are building hydraulic infrastructure for this purpose. However, the quality of water coming from these infrastructures remains to be determined. This study therefore aims to analyze certain physicochemical parameters of the groundwater of Gloazra, Kouezra and Trahonfla. These are temperature, pH, electrical conductivity, TDs, salinity level, hardness, alkalinity, chloride content and bicarbonate. To determine the pH, electrical conductivity, temperature, TDs, and salinity rate, an electrochemical analysis was carried out. The titrimetric analysis made it possible to determine the chloride and bicarbonate content, alkalinity, and hardness. The results indicate that the studied groundwater is soft and acidic with good mineralization. This water does not present a health hazard to consumers but can affect hydraulic equipment and household containers.

关键词： Ivory Coast Gloazra Trahonfla Kouezra Physicochemical Parameters Water WHO standards

Diatom and Diatomite: Different Focus on Natural Media to Material science Path

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Americ.n Journal of Analytical Chemistry 2024年第1期15卷 1-29页

作者： secou sall Vasiliki Papaefthimiou Thierry Dintzer Fabrice Vigneron eric.Brendlé Pierre Petit Tom Ferte saliha Haddoum sana Labidi Corinne Petit ICPEEs UMR-CNRS 7515 Strasbourg University Strasbourg France Adscientis Wittelsheim France ICs CNRS UPR 22 Strasbourg France IPCMs UMR CNRS 7504 Strasbourg University Strasbourg France Ecole Nationale Polytechnique El-Harrach Algeria

Bio-silica issued from diatom, a microalgae, is attracted increasing attention in material science thanks to its peculiar nanoarchitecture and related properties with versatile applications. The present work is a deep analysis on morphological and chemical properties of bio-silica issued from fossil origin (diatomaceous earth) and living one (algal paste). An optimization in purification protocol was performed to obtain multiparous bio-silica from its raw media with keeping its original shape entirely. Multiple characterization methods as scanning electronic microscopy (sEM), infrared spectroscopy, x-ray diffraction (DRX), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPs), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), nitrogen adsorption and inverse gas chromatography (IGC), were used to check the purification protocol efficiency as well as to gather accurate information on morphology and chemical composition of diatom material obtained in large amount.

关键词： Diatom Diatomite Bio-silica Purification Frustule

Predictors of Fatal Outcome in Hospitalised Adult Patients with Acute Kidney Injury at Two Tertiary Hospitals in sub-saharan Africa

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Open Journal of Nephrology 2024年第1期14卷 86-103页

作者： Denis Georges Teuwafeu Fombo Enjeh Jabbossung Maimouna Mahamat eric.Aristide Nono Tomta Mbapah Leslie Tasha Francois Kaze Folefack Gloria Ashuntantang Faculty of Health sciences University of Buea Buea Cameroon Triad Research Fundation Buea Cameroon Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical sciences University of Yaounde I Yaounde Cameroon Department of nephrology Yaounde General Hospital Yaounde Cameroon Departement of Nephrology Yauonde Teaching Hospital Yaounde Cameroon

Introduction: Data on mortality in acute kidney injury (AKI) derives from high-income countries where AKI is hospital-acquired and occurs in elderly patients with a high burden of cardiovascular disease. In sub-saharan Africa (ssA), AKI is community-acquired occurring in healthy young adults. We aimed to identify predictors of fatal outcomes in patients with AKI in two tertiary hospitals in Cameroon. Methods: Medical records of adults with confirmed AKI, from January 2018 to March 2020 were retrieved. The outcomes of interest were in-hospital deaths and presumed causes of death. We used multiple logistic regressions modeling to identify predictors of death. The study was approved by the ethics boards of both hospitals. Values were considered significant for a p-value of 0.05. Results: We included 285 patient records (37.2% females). The mean (sD) age was 50.1 (19.0) years. Hypertension (n = 97, 34.0%), organ failure (n = 88, 30.9%), and diabetes (n = 60, 21.1%) were the main comorbidities. The majority of patients had community-acquired AKI (78.6%, n = 224), were KDIGO stage 3 (88.8%, n = 253), and needed dialysis (52.6%, n = 150). Up to 16.7% (n = 25) did not receive what was needed. The in-hospital mortality rate was 29.1% (n = 83). Lack of access to dialysis (OR = 27.8;CI: 5.2 - 149.3, p = 0.001), hypotension (OR = 11.8;CI: 1.3 - 24.8;p = 0.001) and ICU admission (OR = 5.7;CI: 1.3 - 24.8, p = 0.001) were predictors of mortality. The presence of co-morbidities or underlying diseases (n = 46, 55%) were the main causes of death. Conclusions: In-hospital AKI mortality is high, as in other low- and middle-income economies. Lack of access to dialysis and the severity of the underlying illness are major predictors of death.

关键词： Predictors Fatal Outcome Acute Kidney Injury Tertiary Hospital

Laparoscopic Orchidopexy after 4 Weeks of Testicular Traction with Preservation of Blood supply: A New Concept for the Treatment of Intra-Abdominal Cryptorchidism: Original Article

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第2期14卷 205-217页

作者： Ntsobe Tobie eric.Haijin Liu Nyanit Bob Dorcas Wei Peng Feng Chen Ndikontar Raymond Kouna Tsala Irene Nadine Qian Liu surgery Department Garoua General Hospital Garoua Cameroon Paediatric surgery Department First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical College Ganzhou China Paediatric surgery Department China Medical University Shenyang China Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical sciences University of Yaounde I Yaounde Cameroon Paediatric surgery Department Yaounde Central Hospital Yaounde Cameroon China Traditional Medicine University Nanchang China

Background: Testicular atrophy is recurrent after orchidopexy for intra-abdominal cryptorchidism due to damage to vessels. Fowlers-stephens and shehata methods proposed staged orchidopexy, but are still associated to a rate of atrophy greater than 10%. Purpose: We set out to present a new technique that preserves testicular vessels. Our study is aimed at investigating testicular vitality after surgery. Patients and Method: We reviewed files of boys who underwent orchidopexy for 2 years in our department. Those who have been operated for intra-abdominal cryptorchidism with the new technique and aged between 6 months and 14 years old were included in our study. We excluded boys who have been operated before 6 months and after 14 years old and those who did not respect their follow-up plane. Ultrasound (Us) outcomes were used to measure testicular volumes and blood flow at each postoperative visit. The sample population was divided into group A and group B representing testes that were followed respectively for 12 and 24 months. Results: 22 boys with 25 testes were included in our study;11 testes in group A and 14 testes in group B. In each group, we noted a significant difference of UDT volumes from the third month after surgery with respective P-values 0.05. There was no statistical difference between UDT and contra lateral testes volumes 12 months after surgery in group A and 24 months in group B with respective P-values of 0.07 and 0.72. All volume differential indexes were Conclusion: This method offers a new perspective in performing safe orchidopexy for intra abdominal undescended testes.

关键词： Laparoscopy staged-Orchidopexy Testicar Traction Testicular Atrophy

surgical site Infections in Trauma and Orthopaedics at Bouaké Teaching Hospital (Côte d’Ivoire)

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Open Journal of Orthopedics 2024年第9期14卷 381-390页

作者： Loukou Blaise Yao Koffi Léopold Krah Aya Adelaïde Natacha Kouassi Kouamé Innocent M’bra Kouamé Jean-eric.Kouassi Michel Kodo Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics Bouak Teaching Hospital Bouak Cte dIvoire

Background: surgical site infections are serious healthcare problems. The aim was to describe the epidemiological, diagnostic, therapeutic, and prognostic aspects of surgical site infections in Trauma and Orthopaedics at Bouaké Teaching Hospital. Method: This retrospective, descriptive, and analytical study was conducted from January 2019 to December 31, 2021. The data studied included prevalence, initial lesions, type of surgical intervention, type of ssI, bacteria involved, treatment, and outcomes. Results: Forty-four (11%) of the 399 patients included in the study developed a surgical site infection. The mean age was 27 years, with 36 male and 8 female. Initial lesions were predominantly open fractures (n = 31;70%), with a mean delay of 48 hours for surgical management. Emergency interventions accounted for 70% (n = 31) of cases. The NNIss infection risk score was 1 in 80% (n = 35) of cases. superficial infections (n = 34;77%) appeared early, on a mean 6 days postoperatively. Bacteriological analysis primarily identified Pseudomonas aeruginosa (n = 10;23%), sensitive to Imipenem and Chloramphenicol but resistant to Amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, Ceftriaxone, Gentamicin, and Ciprofloxacin. Multidrug-resistant bacteria were found in 89% (n = 8) of cases, with all bacteria resistant to Ceftriaxone. surgical revision was performed in 10 patients (23%), primarily involving debridement with hardware retention (n = 7;70%). Chloramphenicol was the most commonly used antibiotic post-antibiogram (61%). Outcomes were favourable in 98% of cases. Identified risk factors included the type of lesion according to NRC classification, the delay in managing open fractures, and the NNIss score. Conclusion: The prevalence of surgical site infection was 11%, favoured by the delayed operation of open fractures.

关键词： surgical site Infection Open Fractures Pseudomonas aeruginosa Ceftriaxone

The impact of hypoxic-ischemic brain injury on stem cell mobilization,migration,adhesion,and proliferation

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Neural Regeneration Research 2018年第7期13卷 1125-1135页

作者： stephanie M.Parry eric.s.Peeples Department of Pediatrics University of Nebraska Medical Center

Neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy continues to be a significant cause of death or neurodevelopmental delays despite standard use of therapeutic *** use of stem cell transplantation has recently emerged as a promising supplemental therapy to further improve the outcomes of infants with hypoxic-ischemic *** the injury,the brain releases several chemical mediators,many of which communicate directly with stem cells to encourage mobilization,migration,cell adhesion and *** manuscript reviews the biomarkers that are released from the injured brain and their interactions with stem cells,providing insight regarding how their upregulation could improve stem cell therapy by maximizing cell delivery to the injured tissue.

关键词： brain-derived neurotrophic hypoxia inducible erythropoietin factor matrix metalloproteinase neonatal stromal cell-derived vascular endothelial growth

Natural Hazard-Induced Disasters and Production Efficiency:Moving Closer to or Further from the Frontier?

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International Journal of Disaster Risk science 2019年第2期10卷 166-178页

作者： Preeya s.Mohan Nekeisha spencer eric.strobl sir Arthur Lewis Institute of social and Economic studies(sALIsEs) University of the West IndiesSt AugustineTrinidad and Tobago University of the West Indies MonaKingstonJamaica University of Bern 3012BernSwitzerland

Production efficiency is a key determinant of economic growth and demonstrates how a country uses its resources by relating the quantity of its inputs to its outputs. When a natural hazard-induced disaster strikes, it has a devastating impact on capital and labor, but at the same time provides an opportunity to upgrade capital and increase labor demand and training opportunities, thereby potentially boosting production efficiency. We studied the impact of natural hazard-induced disasters on countries’ production efficiency, using the case study of hurricanes in the Caribbean. To this end we built a country-specific,time-varying data set of hurricane damage and national output and input indicators for 17 Caribbean countries for the period 1940–2014. Our results, using a stochastic frontier approach, show that there is a short-lived production efficiency boost, and that this can be large for very damaging storms.

关键词： Caribbean Hurricanes Production efficiency

Abiotic Factors Associated with Abundance Dynamics and Antibiotic Multidrug Resistance of Escheric.ia coli and Enterococcus faecalis Isolated from some Ombessa Aquatic systems (Central Cameroon Region)

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2024年第9期12卷 335-369页

作者： Lucie Leme Banock Blandine Pulchérie Tamatcho Kweyang Fabrice ezo’o Mengo stephane Arthur Noah eric.Donald Mbo Zang Olive Vivien Noah Ewoti Laboratory of Hydobiology and Environment Department of Animal Biology and Physiology Faculty of Sciences University of Yaounde 1 Yaounde Cameroon Laboratory of Microbiology of soil and Environment Department of Microbiology Faculty of Sciences University of Yaounde 1 Yaounde Cameroon

The present study conducted in the town of Ombessa aims to assess the influence of abiotic factors on the abundance dynamics and antibiotic susceptibility of Escheric.ia coli and Enterococcus faecalis isolated from some aquatic systems from February to July 2022, monthly samples were taken at 10 water points used by the population (8 groundwater points and 2 surface water points). samples were analyzed for physico-chemical parameters such as temperature, pH, electrical conductivity. Bacteriological variables such as BHAM, E. coli and E. faecalis abundances were also assessed. Antibiotic susceptibility of E. coli and E. faecalis was assessed using 06 antibiotics using the Kirby-Bauer diffusion disk method. The results show that bacterial abundances were the highest in surface waters. Bacterial densities were the highest in May and the lowest in February. The average densities recorded were 3845 CFU/100mL for BHAM, 380 CFU/100mL for E. coli and 14 CFU/100mL for E. faecalis in groundwater;and 8583 CFU/100mL for BHAM, 6878 CFU/100mL for E. coli and 812 CFU/100mL for E. faecalis in surface water. Antibiotic susceptibility tests showed that these bacterial species are sensitive to Gentamicin, Chloramphenicol, Azithromycin and Ciprofloxacin. They are all resistant to Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, E. coli is resistant to Doxycycline and E. faecalis has an intermediate sensitivity to Gentamicin. Overall, the Multiresistance to Antibiotics (MRA) indices obtained were above 0.2, indicating the presence of multidrug resistance in bacterial communities. The physico-chemical properties of the water varied over time and space, but on the whole remained below the threshold values of WHO guidelines. The degree of linkage between abiotic water variables and bacteriological parameters has shown that bacterial densities are more abundant in rainy seasons and increased O2 levels favor bacterial growth, while Tss, CO2 and dissolved nitrate levels affect the sensitivity of these bacteria

关键词： Bacterial Abundance Multiresistance Abiotic Aquatic

Yellowstone Region Drainage History as Determined from the 1955 Ashton, Idaho,Montana, and Wyoming 1:250,000 scale Topographic Map, UsA

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Open Journal of Geology（地质学期刊） 2024年第3期 317页

作者： eric.Clausen

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基于PDC法测量评估电机绝缘状态

国外大电机 2024年第1期 32-37,52页

作者： [加拿大]eric.David 刘梁玉(译) 宋秀芝(译) 付强(校) 不详

0引言。直流(DC,direct current)试验是用于维护和诊断电机定子绝缘系统最常用的试验方法。随着试验设备的不断改进和商业化,目前已经可以在阶跃电压试验(极化/去极化电流(PDC)试验)期间连续监测充电和放电电流。本文首先介绍了PDC法测... 详细信息

0引言。直流(DC,direct current)试验是用于维护和诊断电机定子绝缘系统最常用的试验方法。随着试验设备的不断改进和商业化,目前已经可以在阶跃电压试验(极化/去极化电流(PDC)试验)期间连续监测充电和放电电流。本文首先介绍了PDC法测量电机定子绕组绝缘老化状态的理论知识;随后以不同绝缘系统的定子线棒的PDC测试结果分析了线棒防晕层对测试结果的影响;然后分析了不同环境条件(吸潮、污染)对定子线棒/线圈的PDC测试结果的影响,同时分析了定子线棒绝缘未完全固化时对PDC测试结果的影响,也分析了运行52年的定子线棒在不同电压下测试的PDC参数。

关键词：绝缘系统电机定子绕组阶跃电压测试结果分析绝缘老化试验设备 PDC 连续监测