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World Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine 2024年第2期10卷 149-158页

作者： eric wei chiang chan Hung Tuck chan Siu Kuin Wong Department of Food Science and Nutrition Faculty of Applied SciencesUCSI UniversityCherasKuala LumpurMalaysia Secretariat of International Society for Mangrove Ecosystems Faculty of AgricultureUniversity of the RyukyusOkinawaJapan School of Foundation Studies Xiamen University MalaysiaSepangSelangorMalaysia

The rich chemical constituents and diverse pharmacological properties of Ramulus Mori(RM) or the twig of Morus alba with evidence supported by clinical trials and patents are reviewed. Known as Sangzhi in Chinese, RM is widely used in traditional Chinese medicine to treat gout, arthritis, and rheumatism. Chemical constituents include flavonoids, benzofurans, alkaloids, stilbenes, chalcones, phenolic acids, and coumarins. Bioactivities of RM include antidiabetic, anti-obesity, anti-inflammatory, antityrosinase, neuroprotective, antioxidant, hepatoprotective, cytoprotective, renoprotective, antihyperuricemic, analgesic, antifungal, DNA protective, anticancer, gastroprotective, cardioprotective, anti-hair aging, anti-arthritic, and antiplatelet aggregation properties. The most active compounds from RM are mulberrin, oxyresveratrol, and mulberroside A. All four clinical trials on RM are focused on the treatment of diabetes. The patents entail using RM extracts as cosmetics for skin whitening and as agents for hypoglycemia. Topics for further research on RM are suggested.

关键词： Clinical trials mulberrin mulberroside A oxyresveratrol patents Sangzhi

Genipin and geniposide from Gardenia jasminoides:An overview of their anti-cancer and other pharmacological properties

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Journal of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences 2022年第1期31卷 1-12页

作者： eric wei chiang chan Siu Kuin Wong Hung Tuck chan Faculty of Applied Sciences UCSI University56000 CherasKuala LumpurMalaysia School of Foundation Studies Xiamen University MalaysiaBandar Sunsuria43900 SepangSelangorMalaysia Secretariat of International Society for Mangrove Ecosystems(ISME) Faculty of AgricultureUniversity of the RyukyusOkinawa 903-0129Japan

Genipin and geniposide are iridoids from the fruits of Gardenia *** compounds have a methyl acetate(-COOCH_(3))group at C4 and a hydroxyl(-OH)group at *** an iridoid glucoside with a glucose moiety at C1,geniposide is also known as genipin-1-O-β-*** the glucose moiety,genipin is an iridoid and the aglycone of ***-OH group at C1 of genipin is responsible for its cytotoxic *** without the-OH group at C1 lacks the cytotoxic *** are more publications on the anti-cancer properties of genipin than *** have reported the potentiation of genipin when used in combination with anti-cancer *** anti-cancer properties of geniposide have been investigated using human intestinal microflora that hydrolyzes geniposide to *** genipin and geniposide exert antiproliferative and apoptotic activities via different molecular targets and *** pharmacological properties of genipin and geniposide include antidepressant,antidiabetic,anti-inflammatory,anti-obesity,anti-thrombotic,hepatoprotective,and neuroprotective *** research on genipin and geniposide is suggested.

关键词： Iridoid Iridoid glucoside Anti-cancer Cytotoxicity

Matrine, oxymatrine, and compound Kushen injection from the roots of Sophora flavescens: an overview of their anticancer activities

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Journal of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences 2022年第5期31卷 321-333页

In the present review,we updated current information on the chemistry,contents,and anticancer properties of matrine(MT),oxymatrine(OMT),and compound Kushen injection(CKI).The anticancer properties were focused on lung,breast,and liver cancer cells because they are most *** of information were from Google,Google Scholar,PubMed,PubMed Central,Science Direct,PubChem,J-Stage,Directory of Open Access Journals(DOAJ),and China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI).Reference was also made on botanical websites,such as Flora of China and World Flora *** and OMT are dominant quinolizidine alkaloids from the roots of Sophora flavescens(Kushen)of the family *** lung,breast,and liver cancer cells,MT and OMT inhibit cell proliferation;induce cell cycle arrest,apoptosis,and autophagy;restrict angiogenesis;and inhibit cell metastasis,invasion,and *** processes involve various molecular targets and signaling *** is a traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)composed of root extracts of *** and Smilax glabra(Baituling)of the family *** MT and OMT as major components,CKI has been approved for the treatment of cancer in China more than 20 years *** recent years,systematic reviews and meta-analysis have been undertaken to evaluate the anticancer effects of *** CKI is used alone and in combination with chemotherapy of western medicine,there is much to be learned concerning their interactions besides their individual and integrated *** perspectives of MT,OMT,and CKI are discussed,and their suggestions for future research are provided.

关键词： injection invasion roots

An overview of flavonoids from Sophora flavescens(kushen)with some emphasis on the anticancer properties of kurarinone and sophoraflavanone G

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Journal of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences 2023年第8期32卷 603-615页

作者： eric wei chiang chan Ying Ki Ng Hung Tuck chan Siu Kuin Wong Faculty of Applied Sciences UCSI University56000 CherasKuala LumpurMalaysia Secretariat of International Society for Mangrove Ecosystems(ISME) Faculty of AgricultureUniversity of the RyukyusOkinawa 903-0129Japan School of Foundation Studies Xiamen University MalaysiaBandar Sunsuria43900 SepangSelangorMalaysia

In this overview,the current knowledge of the constituents of flavonoids isolated from the roots of Sophora flavescens(kushen)is *** consist of several classes,such as flavanones,flavonols,chalcones,isoflavones,biflavonoids,flavanols,and *** most common compounds are kurarinone(KRN),sophoraflavanone G(SFG),2′-methoxykurarinone,kuraridine,isoxanthohumol,and *** and SFG are two major flavanones with more vital anticancer properties than other *** the literature,the cytotoxic values of KRN and SFG are variable and depend on the type of cancer cells *** anticancer activities of these two flavonoids involve different molecular *** trials are needed before anticancer drugs from KRN and SFG can be developed.

关键词： Kushen Flavanones Cytotoxicity Molecular mechanisms

An overview on the chemistry, pharmacology and anticancer properties of tetrandrine and fangchinoline(alkaloids) from Stephania tetrandra roots

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2021年第4期19卷 311-316页

作者： eric wei chiang chan Siu Kuin Wong Hung Tuck chan Faculty of Applied Sciences UCSI UniversityKuala Lumpur 56000Malaysia School of Foundation Studies Xiamen University MalaysiaSelangor 43900Malaysia Secretariat of the International Society for Mangrove Ecosystems(ISME) Faculty of AgricultureUniversity of the RyukyusOkinawa 903-0129Japan

Tetrandrine(TET) and fangchinoline(FAN) are dominant bisbenzylisoquinoline(BBIQ) alkaloids from the roots of Stephania tetrandra of the family Menispermaceae. BBIQ alkaloids comprise two benzylisoquinoline units linked by oxygen bridges. The molecular structures of TET and FAN are exactly the same, except that TET has a methoxy(-OCH3) group, while FAN has a hydroxyl(-OH) group at C7. In this overview,the current knowledge on the chemistry, pharmacology and anticancer properties of TET and FAN have been updated. The focus is on colon and breast cancer cells, because they are most susceptible to TET and FAN, respectively. Against colon cancer cells, TET inhibits cell proliferation and tumor growth by inducing apoptosis and G1 cell cycle arrest, and suppresses adhesion, migration and invasion of *** breast cancer cells, FAN inhibits cell proliferation by inducing apoptosis, G1-phase cell cycle arrest and inhibits cell migration. The processes involve various molecular mechanisms and signaling pathways. Some insights on the ability of TET and FAN to reverse multi-drug resistance in cancer cells and suggestions for future research are provided.

关键词： Tetrandrine Fangchinoline Alkaloids Pharmacology Anticancer Multi-drug resistance

Casticin from Vitex species: a short review on its anticancer and anti-inflammatory properties

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2018年第3期16卷 147-152页

作者： eric wei chiang chan Siu Kuin Wong Hung Tuck chan Faculty of Applied Sciences UCSI University School of Science Monash University Secretariat of International Society for Mangrove Ecosystems Faculty of Agriculture University of the Ryukyus

This short review provides an update of the anticancer and anti-inflammatory properties of casticin from Vitex species. Casticin is a polymethylflavone with three rings, an orthocatechol moiety, a double bond,two hydroxyl groups and four methoxyl groups. Casticin has been isolated from various tissues of plants in the Vitex genus： fruits and leaves of V. trifolia, aerial parts and seeds of V. agnus-castus and leaves of ***. Studies have reported the antiproliferative and apoptotic activities of casticin from Vitex *** compound is effective against many cancer cell lines via different molecular mechanisms. Studies have also affirmed the anti-inflammatory properties of casticin, with several molecular mechanisms identified. Other pharmacological properties include anti-asthmatic, tracheospasmolytic, analgesic, antihyperprolactinemia, immunomodulatory, opioidergic, oestrogenic, anti-angiogenic, antiglioma, lung injury protection, rheumatoid arthritis amelioration and liver fibrosis attenuation activities. Clinical trials and commercial use of the casticin-rich fruit extract of V. agnus-castus among women with premenstrual syndrome were briefly discussed.

关键词： Vitexicarpin Polymethylflavone Apoptosis Molecular mechanisms

Phytochemistry,pharmacology,and clinical trials of Morus alba

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Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines 2016年第1期14卷 17-30页

作者： eric wei-chiang chan Phui-Yan LYE Siu-Kuin WONG Faculty of Applied Sciences UCSI University School of Science Monash University Sunway

The present review is aimed at providing a comprehensive summary on the botany,utility,phytochemistry,pharmacology,and clinical trials of Morus alba(mulberry or sang shu).The mulberry foliage has remained the primary food for silkworms for *** leaves have also been used as animal feed for livestock and its fruits have been made into a variety of food *** flavonoids as major constituents,mulberry leaves possess various biological activities,including antioxidant,antimicrobial,skin-whitening,cytotoxic,anti-diabetic,glucosidase inhibition,anti-hyperlipidemic,anti-atherosclerotic,anti-obesity,cardioprotective,and cognitive enhancement *** in anthocyanins and alkaloids,mulberry fruits have pharmacological properties,such as antioxidant,anti-diabetic,anti-atherosclerotic,anti-obesity,and hepatoprotective *** root bark of mulberry,containing flavonoids,alkaloids and stilbenoids,has antimicrobial,skin-whitening,cytotoxic,anti-inflammatory,and anti-hyperlipidemic *** pharmacological properties of *** include anti-platelet,anxiolytic,anti-asthmatic,anthelmintic,antidepressant,cardioprotective,and immunomodulatory *** trials on the efficiency of *** extracts in reducing blood glucose and cholesterol levels and enhancing cognitive ability have been *** phytochemistry and pharmacology of the different parts of the mulberry tree confer its traditional and current uses as fodder,food,cosmetics,and ***,*** is a multi-functional plant with promising medicinal properties.

关键词： Mulberry Multi-purpose Medicinal properties Morus alba

Phenolic constituents and anticancer properties of Morus alba(white mulberry) leaves

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2020年第3期18卷 189-195页

作者： eric wei chiang chan Siu Kuin Wong Joseph Tangah Tomomi Inoue Hung Tuck chan Faculty of Applied Sciences UCSI University56000 CherasKuala LumpurMalaysia School of Foundation Studies Xiamen University Malaysia43900 SepangSelangorMalaysia Forest Research Centre Sabah Forestry Department90009 SandakanSabahMalaysia Centre for Environmental Biology and Ecosystem Studies National Institute for Environmental Studies(NIES)OnogawaTsukuba 305-0053Japan Secretariat of International Society for Mangrove Ecosystems(ISME) Faculty of AgricultureUniversity of the RyukyusOkinawa 903-0129Japan

Flavonoids are by far the most dominant class of phenolic compounds isolated from Morus alba leaves(MAL). Other classes of compounds are benzofurans, phenolic acids, alkaloids, coumarins, chalcones and stilbenes. Major flavonoids are kuwanons, moracinflavans, moragrols and morkotins. Other major compounds include moracins(benzofurans), caffeoylquinic acids(phenolic acids) and morachalcones(chalcones). Research on the anticancer properties of MAL entailed in vitro and in vivo cytotoxicity of extracts or isolated compounds. Flavonoids, benzofurans, chalcones and alkaloids are classes of compounds from MAL that have been found to be cytotoxic towards human cancer cell lines. Further studies on the phytochemistry and anticancer of MAL are suggested. Sources of information were Pub Med,Pub Med Central, Science Direct, Google, Google Scholar, J-Stage, Pub Chem and China National Knowledge Infrastructure.

关键词： Flavonoids Benzofurans Cytotoxic Moracins Morachalcones Chalcomoracin

Phytochemistry and pharmacology of ornamental gingers,Hedychium coronarium and Alpinia purpurata:a review

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2015年第6期13卷 368-379页

作者： eric wei chiang chan Siu Kuin Wong Faculty of Applied Sciences UCSI University School of Science Monash University

In this review, the phytochemistry and pharmacology of two ornamental gingers, Hedychium coronarium （butterfly ginger） and Alpinia purpurata （red ginger）, are updated, and their botany and uses are described. Flowers of H. coronarium are large, showy, white, yellow or white with a yellow centre and highly fragrant. Inflorescences of A. purpurata are erect spikes with attractive red or pink bracts. Phytochemical investigations on the rhizomes of H. coronarium generated research interest globally. This resulted in the isolation of 53 labdane-type diterpenes, with little work done on the leaves and flowers. Pharmacological properties of H. coronarium included antioxidant, antibacterial, antifungal, cytotoxic, chemopreventive, anti-allergic, larvicidal, anthelminthic, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, anti-urolithiatic, anti-angiogenic, neuro- pharmacological, fibrinogenolytic, coagulant and hepatoprotective activities. On the contrary, little is known on the phytochemistry of A. purpurata with pharmacological properties of antioxidant, antibacterial, larvicidal, cytotoxic and vasodilator activities reported in the leaves and rhizomes. There is much disparity in terms of research effort within and between these two ornamental gingers.

关键词： herbal drugs plant extracts molecular mechanisms of pharmacological action pharmacology Zingiberaceae ginger review

An overview of Pu-erh tea and its health-promoting effects of lipid-lowering and anti-obesity

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Journal of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences 2021年第8期30卷 623-633页

作者： eric wei chiang chan Siu Kuin Wong Hung Tuck chan Faculty of Applied Sciences UCSI University56000 Cher asKuala LumpurMalaysia School of Foundation Studies Xiamen University MalaysiaBandar Sunsuria43900 SepangSelangorMalaysia Secretariat of International Society for Mangrove Ecosystems(ISME) Faculty of AgricultureUniversity of the RyukyusOkinawa 903-0129Japan

As a dark tea,Pu-erh tea(PET)is produced from sun-dried leaves of Camellia sinensis *** mainly in Yunnan Province of *** microorganisms are involved in the fermentation of *** them,Aspergillus niger is most *** is believed that the longer the preservation period,the better is the quality and taste of PET,which is commercially available as loose,compressed or instant tea *** components of PET include flavones,flavanols,flavonols,phenolic acids,alkaloids and *** this overview,the lipid-lowering and anti-obesity effects of PET were discussed based on animal models and human trials,and our study provided some insights into possible mechanisms of bioactive compounds,such as theabrownin,catechins,lovastatin and gallic *** bioactivities of PET and some information on Fuzhuan brick tea were also *** of information cited were from Google Scholar,Pub Med,Pub Med Central,Science Direct,J-Stage,Pub Chem,Directory of Open Access Journals(DOAJ),and China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI).

关键词： Pu-erh tea Fuzhuan brick tea Fermentation Lipid-lowering Anti-obesity