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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2021年第2期10卷 237-242页

作者： Sofie Blicher eric Bartholomae Jochen Kressler Department of Exercise and Nutritional Sciences San Diego State UniversitySan DiegoCA 92113USA

Background:Decaffeinated green tea extract(dGTE)can increase fat oxidation during leg exercise,but dGTE is unsuitable for many people(e.g.,those with injuries/disabilities),and its effects on arm exercise and women are ***:Eight adults(23-37 years old,4 women)performed an incremental arm cycle test to measure peak oxygen uptake(VO_(2_(peak))),followed by four 1-h trials at 50%VO_(2_(peak).Subjects were randomly assigned to 650 mg of dGTE or placebo(PLA)for 4 weeks followed by a 4-week washout and crossover *** samples were obtained pre-exercise and post-exercise for glycerol and free fatty acid *** gases were collected ***:VO_(2) showed no differences across trials((0.83-0.89)±(0.19-0.25)L/min,p=0.460),neither did energy expenditure((264-266)±(59-77)kcal,p=0.420)nor fat oxidation(dGTE=0.11 to 0.12 g/min ***=0.10 to 0.09 g/min,p=0.220).Fat oxidation as percentage of energy expenditure was not different for dGTE ***(23%±12%to 25%±11%vs.23%±10%to 21%±9%,p=0.532).Glycerol concentration increased post-exercise in all trials,independent of treatments(pre=(3.4-5.1)±(0.6-2.6)mg/dL ***=(7.9-9.8)±(2.6-3.7)mg/dL,p=0.867,η^(2)=0.005 for interaction),as did free fatty acid((3.5-4.8)±(1.4-2.2)mg/dL vs.(7.2-9.1)±(2.6-4.5)mg/dL,p=0.981,η^(2)=0.000).Conclusion:Chronic dGTE supplementation had no effect on lipolysis and fat oxidation during arm cycle exercise in men and women.

关键词： Arm exercise Cardiometabolic disease Fat oxidation Nutraceutical

Epigenetics and transgenerational inheritance in domesticated farm animals

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2015年第2期6卷 123-129页

作者： Amanda Feeney eric Nilsson Michael K Skinner Center for Reproductive Biology School of Biological Sciences Washington State University

Epigenetics provides a molecular mechanism of inheritance that is not solely dependent on DNA sequence and that can account for non-Mendelian inheritance patterns. Epigenetic changes underlie many normal developmental processes, and can lead to disease development as well. While epigenetic effects have been studied in well-characterized rodent models, less research has been done using agriculturally important domestic animal species. This review will present the results of current epigenetic research using farm animal models （cattle, pigs, sheep and chickens）. Much of the work has focused on the epigenetic effects that environmental exposures to toxicants, nutrients and infectious agents has on either the exposed animals themselves or on their direct offspring. Only one porcine study examined epigenetic transgenerational effects; namely the effect diet micronutrients fed to male pigs has on liver DNA methylation and muscle mass in grand-offspring （F2 generation）. Healthy viable offspring are very important in the farm and husbandry industry and epigenetic differences can be associated with production traits. Therefore further epigenetic research into domestic animal health and how exposure to toxicants or nutritional changes affects future generations is imperative.

关键词： Environment EDiclenetics Pig. Review Transgenerational

αβ T cell receptors as predictors of health and disease

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2015年第4期12卷 391-399页

作者： Meriem Attaf eric Huseby Andrew K Sewell Cardiff University School of Medicine Cardiff UK and ZDepartment of Pathology University of Massachusetts Medical School Worcester MA USA Correspondence: Professor AK Sewell Division of Infection and Immunity Cardiff University School of Medicine Henry Wellcome Building University Hospital Wales Cardiff CF14 4XN UK.

The diversity of antigen receptors and the specificity it underlies are the hallmarks of the cellular arm of the adaptive immune system. T and B lymphocytes are indeed truly unique in their ability to generate receptors capable of recognizing virtually any pathogen. It has been known for several decades that T lymphocytes recognize short peptides derived from degraded proteins presented by major histocompatibility complex （MHC） molecules at the cell surface. Interaction between peptide-MHC （pMHC） and the T cell receptor （TCR） is central to both thymic selection and peripheral antigen recognition. It is widely assumed that TCR diversity is required, or at least highly desirable, to provide sufficient immune coverage. However, a number of immune responses are associated with the selection of predictable, narrow, or skewed repertoires and public TCR chains. Here, we summarize the current knowledge on the formation of the TCR repertoire and its maintenance in health and disease. We also outline the various molecular mechanisms that govern the composition of the pre-selection, naive and antigen-specific TCR repertoires. Finally, we suggest that with the development of high-throughput sequencing, common TCR ＇signatures＇ raised against specific antigens could provide important diagnostic biomarkers and surrogate predictors of disease onset, progression and outcome.

关键词： T cell receptor (TCR) TCR repertoire TCR diversity TCR clonotype TCR bias Deep sequencing

Phenotypic variation in food utilization in an outbreak insect herbivore

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Insect Science 2018年第3期25卷 467-474页

作者： Roberto Quezada-Garcia Alvaro Fuentealba eric Bauce Faculté de Foresterie Géographie et Géomafique Département des Sciences du Bois et de la Forêt Centre d'Etude de la Forêt (CEF) Universite Laval Quebec City Quebec Canada

The effects of nutrition may have subtantial impact on insect evolution by shaping different components of phenotypes. The key to undestanding this evolutionary process is to know how nutritional condition affects additive and nonadditive components of the phenotype. However, this is poorly understood in outbreaking insects. We investigated the additive and nonadditive variation present in food utilization traits in spruce budworm individuals subjected to chronic nutritional stress. A total of 160 full-sib families of spruce budworm （Choristoneurafumiferana Clem.） were raised under laboratory condi- tions, feeding on 2 diets （high and low energy） during 3 generations. Variables tested were pupal mass, consumption rate （RCR）, growth rate （RGR）, approximate digestibility （AD）, the efficiency of conversion of digested food （ECD） and the efficiency of conversion of ingested food （ECI）. Our results show that all traits tested presented a high percentage of nonadditive effects that modulate phenotype expression. We found a significant impact of family × diet interaction on pupal mass, RGR and ECD. Furthermore, these traits exhib- ited the greatest heritability. There was no evidence of presence of maternal effects. The results revealed that food utilization traits may evolve through epigenetics effects, such as phenotypic plasticity. This information can be used by modellers to improve forecast of spruce budworm population dynamics.

关键词： food utilization nutritional stress phenotypic plasticity spruce budworm

Understanding future changes to fires in southern Europe and their impacts on the wildland-urban interface

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Journal of Safety Science and Resilience 2021年第1期2卷 20-29页

作者： Anne Ganteaume Renaud Barbero Marielle Jappiot eric Maillé INRAE RECOVERAix-en-ProvenceFrance

Southern Europe is a highly fire-prone region where extreme fires have often disastrous consequences on both structures and *** activities and fire weather conditions favouring ignitions and propagation have always been the drivers of such fires but anthropogenic climate change alongside the extension of wildland-urban interface(WUI)that concentrates both assets and fire ignitions have the compounding effect of exacerbating fire *** are currently not adequately prepared to sustain events whose frequency and intensity are foreseen to increase in the future as shown during the extreme fires that occurred recently in Euro-Mediterranean *** work presents the context of WUI fires in the Euro-Mediterranean region,their driving forces and their impacts on society,with insights from three recent catastrophic fires that drew much *** this context,we propose a conceptual framework for understanding the WUI issue assessing the implications for fire risk and providing some guidance to mitigate this risk,updated management strategies as well as comments about gaps in our current knowledge and how we might address this problem in the future.A successful approach to reduce fire risk in the future will require building resilient landscapes and communities better prepared to face these extreme fire events in which WUI population,forest managers,land planners,civil protection,and policy-makers need to work together to improve the safety and resilience of these fire-prone areas.

关键词： Wildland-urban interface Mediterranean region Fire risk Resilient community and landscape fire weather conditions Vulnerability

Two-Dimensional Organometallic TM3–C12S12 Monolayers for Electrocatalytic Reduction of CO2

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2019年第3期2卷 193-200页

作者： Jin-Hang Liu Li-Ming Yang eric Ganz Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry and Materia Medica Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and StorageMinistry of EducationHubei Key Laboratory of Materials Chemistry and Service FailureSchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan China School of Physics and Astronomy University of MinnesotaMinneapolis MN USA

Organometallic nanosheets are a versatile platform for design of efficient electrocatalyst materials due to their high surface area and uniform dispersion of metal active *** this paper,we systematically investigate the electrocatalytic performance of the first transition metal series TM3–C12S12 monolayers on CO2 using spin-polarized density functional *** calculations show that M3–C12S12 exhibits excellent catalytic activity and selectivity in the catalytic reduction in *** main reduction products of Sc,Ti,and Cr are CH4.V,Mn,Fe and Zn mainly produce HCOOH,and Co produces HCHO,while CO is the main product for Ni and *** Sc,Ti,and Cr,the overpotentials are>0.7 V,while for V,Mn,Fe,Co,Ni,Cu,Zn,the overpotentials are very low and range from 0.27 to 0.47 ***,our results indicate that many of the M3–C12S12 monolayers are expected to be excellent and efficient CO2 reduction catalysts.

关键词： density functional theory electrocatalytic reduction of CO2 organometallic TM3-C12S12 Monolayers single atom catalyst two-dimensional materials

Fire Retardant Textiles: A Particular Reference to China and Kenya

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Journal of Donghua University(English Edition) 2002年第3期19卷 106-110页

作者： eric Oyondi Nganyi 郁崇文 College of Textiles Dong Hua UniversityShanghai200051

As more and more attention is paid to the utilization of fire retardant textile products in apparel, household, furnishing, and industrial sectors, this paper presents a brief survey of the use of fire retardant (FR) textile products, the rules, and regulations concerning their use, and their market potential in China and in Kenya.

关键词： fire losses, fire retardant fibres, combustion gases.

Fibre Distribution in Friction-spun Yarns

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Journal of Donghua University(English Edition) 2006年第2期23卷 92-95页

作者： eric Oyondi Nganyi 郁崇文 College of Textiles Donghua University

According to the yarn forming characteristics in friction spinning, the arrangement of fed sliver is designed, to get the desired fiber distribution in the resultant yarn. On the base of that, the relation between the... 详细信息

关键词： Friction-spun yarns fibre distribution FR conex blended yarns.

Influence of Spinning Variable on the FR Properties of Yarns

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Journal of Donghua University(English Edition) 2003年第2期20卷 48-51页

作者： eric Oyondi Nganyi 郁崇文 College of Textiles Donghua University Shanghai 200051

Broadly considered, spuming variables influences the properties of yarns. However there is scant information on the influence on the fire retardancy (FR) properties. The present work aims to establish the influence of... 详细信息

关键词： Fire retardant fibres yam FR properties fibre distribution

Mode of débitage and technical cognition of hominids at the Guanyindong site

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2009年第21期54卷 3864-3871页

作者： LI YingHua HOU YaMei BOEDA eric Department of History Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 China C.N.R.S.-UMR7041 Anthropologie des Techniques des Espaces et des Territoires aux Plio-Pleistocene Maison de I'Archeologie et de I'Ethnologie Nanterre cedex 92023 France Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100044 China Joint Laboratory of Human Evolution and Archaeometry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100044 China

Exploring and interpreting the mode of cognition and behavioral patterns of prehistoric hunter-gatherers is always one of the main goals of current Paleolithic research. In the 1940s, French prehistorians proposed the technological method for studying lithic assemblages which opened a brand-new perspective on the prehistoric domain. In the 1960s, French ethnographer and anthropologist André Leroi-Gourhan proposed the concept "chane opératoire" and established the theory of lithic technological study. After the 1980s, the concept "chane opératoire" was substituted for two different but complementary concepts: techno-cognition and techno-economy, which contributed not only to revealing the technical knowledge and know-how applied during lithic production but also to interpreting the technical behavior of prehistoric hunter-gatherers from social and economic viewpoints. The lithic technological study of the Guanyindong site, presented in this paper, was carried out for the first time by applying lithic technological method developed by French prehistorians to the Chinese materials. Our analytical results demonstrated that the débitage system of Guanyindong is quite distinct from the concept Levallois largely used in Europe, Near-East and Africa. The differentiation between these two débitage modes may contribute to exploring and interpreting the relationship in Middle Paleolithic between China and Europe, Near-East and Africa.

关键词：技术学习认知模式原始人类网站旧石器时代行为模式技术经济人类学家