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Fungicolous fungi:terminology,diversity,distribution,evolution,and species checklist

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Fungal Diversity 2019年第2期95卷 337-430页

作者： Jing-Zu Sun Xing-Zhong Liu Eric H.C.McKenzie Rajesh Jeewon Jian-Kui(Jack)Liu Xiao-Ling Zhang Qi Zhao Kevin D.hyde State Key Laboratory of Mycology Institute of MicrobiologyChinese Academy of SciencesNo.3 Park 1Beichen West RoadChaoyang DistrictBeijing 100101People’s Republic of China center of Excellence in Fungal Research Mae Fah Luang UniversityChiang Rai 57100Thailand Manaaki Whenua Landcare Research Private Bag 92170AucklandNew Zealand Department of health Sciences Faculty of ScienceUniversity of MauritiusReduitMauritius center for Bioinformatics School of Life Science and TechnologyUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu 611731People’s Republic of China Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of ScienceKunming 650201People’s Republic of China Department of Microbiology College of Life ScienceNankai UniversityJinnan DistrictTianjin 300350People’s Republic of China

Fungicolous fungi are a very large,diverse,ecological and trophic group of organisms that are associated with other fungi.This association occurs with species of different lineages across the fungal kingdom.They are recognized as symbionts,mycoparasites,saprotrophs,and even neutrals.Wherever fungi have been found,fungicolous taxa have also been found.homogeneous environments favour the development of highly adapted and coevolved fungicolous species,which could have led to host-specificity aspects.As a primary consumer,fungicolous fungi decrease the turnaround time of certain nutrients in food webs,due to their special often-rapid life cycles.They may also significantly affect population dynamics and population sizes of their hosts in aquatic or terrestrial ecosystems.As mycoparasites of pathogenic fungi,some fungicolous fungi have been explored as biocontrol agents.They may also cause serious diseases of cultivated edible and medicinal mushrooms,decreasing both yield and quality.Fungicolous fungi could be used as model organisms that may help determine better understanding of species interactions,fungal evolution and divergence,and fungicolous mechanisms.This review summarizes our current understanding of fungicolous fungi,with a particular focus on the terminology,diversity,global distribution,and interaction with their hosts.We also provide a checklist including 1552 fungicolous fungal taxa so far recorded following the updated classification schemes.There is a need for further investigations on this ecologically important group of fungi to better understand their biology,ecological aspects,origin and divergence,hostspecificity and application in biocontrol.Accurate identification of these fungi as pathogens and their significance in quarantine purposes on the mushroom industry need further evaluations so that efficient control measures can be developed for better disease management purposes.

关键词： Biocontrol host-specificity Mushroom diseases Mycoparasites Species diversity

Phyllosticta capitalensis,a widespread endophyte of plants

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Fungal Diversity 2013年第3期60卷 91-105页

作者： Saowanee Wikee Lorenzo Lombard Pedro W.crous chiharu Nakashima Keiichi Motohashi Ekachai chukeatirote Siti A.Alias Eric H.C.McKenzie Kevin D.hyde School of Science Mae Fah Luang UniversityChiangrai 57100Thailand Institute of Excellence in Fungal Research Mae Fah Luang UniversityChiangrai 57100Thailand cBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity centre Uppsalalaan 83584 CT UtrechtThe Netherlands Microbiology Department of BiologyUtrecht UniversityPadualaan 83584 CH UtrechtThe Netherlands Laboratory of Phytopathology Wageningen University and Research Centre(WUR)Droevendaalsesteeg 16708 PB WageningenThe Netherlands Graduate School of Bioresources Mie UniversityKurima-machiya 1577TsuMie 514-8507Japan Electron Microscope center Tokyo University of AgricultureSakuraoka 1-1-1SetagayaTokyo 156-8502Japan Institute Ocean and Earth Sciences Institute for Postgraduate StudiesUniversity MalayaKuala Lumpur 50603Malaysia Landcare Research Private Bag 92170Auckland Mail CentreAuckland 1142New Zealand

Phyllosticta capitalensis is an endophyte and weak plant pathogen with a worldwide distribution presently known from 70 plant families.This study isolated P.capitalensis from different host plants in northern Thailand,and determined their different life modes.Thirty strains of P.capitalensis were isolated as endophytes from 20 hosts.An additional 30 strains of P.capitalensis from other hosts and geographic locations were also obtained from established culture collections.Phylogenetic analysis using ITS,AcTand TEF gene data confirmed the identity of all isolates.Pathogenicity tests with five strains of P.capitalensis originating from different hosts were completed on their respective host plants.In all cases there was no infection of healthy leaves,indicating that this endophyte does not cause disease on healthy,unstressed host plants.That P.capitalensis is often isolated as an endophyte has important implications in fungal biology and plant health.Due to its endophytic nature,P.capitalensisis commonly found associated with lesions of plants,and often incorrectly identified as a species of quarantine importance,which again has implications for trade in agricultural and forestry production.

关键词： Guignardia Leaf spot Morphology Molecular phylogeny Quarantine

Microfungi on Tectona grandis(teak)in Northern Thailand

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Fungal Diversity 2017年第1期82卷 107-182页

作者： Mingkwan Doilom Asha J.Dissanayake Dhanushka N.Wanasinghe Saranyaphat Boonmee Jian-Kui Liu D.Jayarama Bhat Joanne E.Taylor Ali.h.Bahkali Eric H.C.McKenzie Kevin D.hyde Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of Sciences132 Lanhei RoadKunming 650201China center of Excellence in Fungal Research Mae Fah Luang UniversityChiang Rai 57100Thailand School of Science Mae Fah Luang UniversityChiang Rai 57100Thailand Institute of Plant and Environment Protection Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry SciencesNo.9 of Shu Guang Hua Yuan Zhong LuHaidian DistrictBeijing 10097China Guizhou Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biotechnology Guizhou Academy of Agricultural SciencesGuiyang 550006GuizhouChina Formerly Department of Botany Goa UniversityTaleigãoGoaIndia No.128/1-J Azad Housing SocietyCurcaGoa VelhaIndia Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh 20A Inverleith RowEdinburgh EH35LRUK Department of Botany and Microbiology College of ScienceKing Saud UniversityP.O.Box 2455Riyadh 1145Saudi Arabia Manaaki Whenua Landcare Research Private Bag 92170AucklandNew Zealand

To date there is virtually no information available concerning the fungi associated with Tectona grandis(teak)(Lamiaceae)in Thailand.In this study,samples of microfungi were collected from both asymptomatic stems and dead wood,and symptomatic branches,stem and leaves of T.grandisfrom 27 sites in six provinces(chiang Mai,chiang Rai,Phayao,Phitsanulok,Phrae and Uttaradit Provinces).Morphology and combined multi-gene phylogeny(cAL,GAPDh,ITS,LSU,RPB2,SSU,TEF1 and TUB)were used to identify taxa.A total of 270 collections,representing 28 fungal species residing in 12 families,7 orders and 21 genera,with three species of uncertain taxonomic placement were identified.Of these,one family,three genera and 14 species are new to science.The new family,Pseudocoleodictyosporaceae is introduced based on its distinct lineage in the Dothideomycetes and its unique morphology as compared to Roussoellaceae and Torulaceae.The new genera are Neooccultibambusa,Pseudocoleodictyospora and Subglobosporium.The newly described species are Diaporthe neoraonikayaporum,D.tectonendophytica,D.tectonae,D.tectonigena,hermatomyces tectonae,h.thailandica,Manoharachariella tectonae,Neooccultibambusa chiangraiensis,Pseudocoleodictyospora sukhothaiensis,Ps.tectonae,Ps.thailandica,Rhytidhysteron tectonae,Subglobosporium tectonae and Tubeufia tectonae.Fourteen species are known published taxa including Alternaria tillandsiae,Berkleasmium talaumae,Boerlagiomyces macrospora,ceratocladium purpureogriseum,Fusarium solani,helicoma siamense,Lasiodiplodia theobromae,Macrovalsaria megalospora,Paradictyoarthrinium diffractum,Phaeoacremonium italicum,Sphaeropsis eucalypticola,Stachybotrys levispora,St.renispora and Thaxteriellopsis lignicola.Epitypifications or reference specimens are designated for Boerlagiomyces macrospora and Macrovalsaria megalospora.Macrovalsaria megalospora is transferred from Botryosphaeriaceae to Dothideomycetes genus,incertae sedis based on taxonomy and phylogenetic analysis,which indicate it is distinct from Botryosphaeriaceae.All fungal

关键词： Ascomycota Basidiomycota Dothideomycetes Sordariomycetes Taxonomy Multi-gene phylogenetics

Overview of Stachybotrys(Memnoniella)and current species status

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Fungal Diversity 2015年第2期71卷 17-83页

作者： Yong Wang Kevin D.hyde Eric H.C.McKenzie Yu-Lan Jiang De-Wei Li De-Gang Zhao Guizhou Key Laboratory Agro-Bioengineering Guizhou UniversityGuiyangGuizhou 550025People’s Republic of China Department of Plant Pathology College of AgricultureGuizhou UniversityGuiyangGuizhou 550025China Institute of Excellence in Fungal Research School of ScienceMae Fah Luang UniversityChiang RaiThailand Landcare Research Private Bag 92170AucklandNew Zealand Valley Laboratory The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station153 Cook Hill RoadWindsorCT 06095USA

Stachybotrys(asexual hypocreales)has a worldwide distribution.This genus inhabits substrates rich in cellulose and is closely related to Memnoniella.classification of species has previously been based on morphology,with conidial characters being considered as important.This study reevaluates Stachybotrys and Memnoniella,which is shown to include at least seven species-groups;while Memnoniella is a synonym of Stachybotrys.The sexual genera Ornatispora and Melanopsamma are also synonyms of Stachybotrys.With the exception of Stachybotrys subsimplex,species formed a wellsupported monophyletic group in LSU data analysis belonging to Stachybotriaceae.Seventy-four accepted Stachybotrys species are discussed,while eight species are considered to belong to other genera or are doubtful in this paper and a key to these species provided.Twelve new combinations and 1 nomina nova is proposed.The status of Stachybotrys species on health,as human or animal pathogens,in indoor environments,and use as biocontrol agents and compound discovery are also discussed.

关键词： current species Nomen excludendum Phylogeny Synonyms Taxonomic history

Towards a natural classification and backbone tree for Graphostromataceae,hypoxylaceae,Lopadostomataceae and Xylariaceae

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Fungal Diversity 2018年第1期88卷 1-165页

作者： Dinushani A.Daranagama Kevin D.hyde Esteban B.Sir Kasun M.Thambugala Qing Tian Milan c.Samarakoon Eric H.C.McKenzie Subashini c.Jayasiri Saowaluck Tibpromma Jayarama D.Bhat XingZhong Liu Marc Stadler State Key Laboratory of Mycology Institute of MicrobiologyChinese Academy of SciencesNo.31st West Beichen RoadChaoyang DistrictBeijing 100101People’s Republic of China center of Excellence in Fungal Research Mae Fah Luang UniversityChiang Rai 57100Thailand Guizhou Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biotechnology Guizhou Academy of Agricultural SciencesGuiyang 550006GuizhouPeople’s Republic of China Department of Microbial Drugs Helmholtz-Zentrum fu¨r Infektionsforschung GmbHInhoffenstrasse 738124 BrunswickGermany Fundacion Miguel Lillo CONICETInstitute of MycologyMiguel Lillo 2514000 San Miguel de TucumanTucumanArgentina Department of Botany Goa UniversityGoa 403206India Manaaki Whenua Landcare Research Private Bag 92170AucklandNew Zealand

Species and generic recognition in the order Xylariales has been uncertain due to lack of molecular data from authentic cultures,as well as overlapping morphological characteristics.In this study,we revise the families Graphostromataceae,hypoxylaceae,Lopadostomataceae and Xylariaceae in Xylariales.Our study is based on DNA sequence data derived from living cultures of fresh isolates,data from GenBank and morphological observation of type and worldwide herbarium specimens.We also collected new specimens from Germany,Italy and ***bined analyses of ITS,LSU,RPB2 and b-tubulin sequence data were used to reconstruct the molecular phylogeny of the above families.Generic and familiar boundaries between these families are revised and presented in an updated combined phylogenetic tree.We accept six genera in Graphostromataceae,19 genera in hypoxylaceae,four in Lopadostomataceae and 37 genera in Xylariaceae.Five genera previously treated in Xylariaceae are placed in Amphisphaeriales genera incertae sedis and seven genera are placed in Xylariales genera incertae sedis.Two genera are placed in Sordariomycetes genera incertae sedis,while four genera are placed as Xylariomycetidae genera incertae sedis.Three genera are considered as doubtful.Barrmaelia and cannonia,presently included in Xylariaceae are transferred to Diatrypaceae and coniochaetales respectively,based on their morphology and phylogeny.Areolospora and Myconeesia are excluded from Xylariaceae and synonymized with Phaeosporis and Anthostomella respectively.Updated descriptions and illustrations are provided for all taxa with notes provided on each genus.Excluded and doubtful genera are listed with notes on their taxonomy and phylogeny.Taxonomic keys are provided for all revised families with morphological details for genera within the families.

关键词： classification Genera Phylogeny Xylariomycetidae

Predicting global numbers of teleomorphic ascomycetes

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Fungal Diversity 2022年第3期114卷 237-278页

作者： Indunil c.Senanayake Dhandevi Pem Achala R.Rathnayaka Subodini N.Wijesinghe Saowaluck Tibpromma Dhanushka N.Wanasinghe Rungtiwa Phookamsak Nuwan D.Kularathnage Deecksha Gomdola Dulanjalee harishchandra Lakmali S.Dissanayake Mei-mei Xiang Anusha h.Ekanayaka Eric H.C.McKenzie Kevin D.hyde hao-xing Zhang Ning Xie Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Epigenetics College of Life Science and OceanographyShenzhen UniversityNanhai AvenueNanshanShenzhen 3688GuangdongChina Innovative Institute for Plant health Zhongkai University of Agriculture and EngineeringHaizhu DistrictGuangzhou 510225China center of Excellence in Fungal Research Mae Fah Luang UniversityChiang Rai 57100Thailand School of Science Mae Fah Luang UniversityChiang Rai 57100Thailand honghe center for Mountain Futures Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesHonghe County 654400YunnanChina centre for Mountain Futures(cMF) Kunming Institute of BotanyKunming 650201YunnanChina cIFOR-IcRAF china Program World Agroforestry(ICRAF)Kunming 650201YunnanChina Beijing Key Laboratory of Environment Friendly Management On Fruit Diseases and Pests in North china Institute of Plant and Environment ProtectionBeijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry SciencesBeijing 100097China Engineering Research center of the Utilization for characteristic Bio-Pharmaceutical Resources in Southwest Ministry of EducationGuizhou UniversityGuiyang 550025GuizhouChina Manaaki Whenua-Landcare Research Auckland Mail CentrePrivate Bag 92170Auckland 1142New Zealand

Sexual reproduction is the basic way to form high genetic diversity and it is beneficial in evolution and speciation of fungi.The global diversity of teleomorphic species in Ascomycota has not been estimated.This paper estimates the species number for sexual ascomycetes based on five different estimation approaches,viz.by numbers of described fungi,by fungus:substrate ratio,by ecological distribution,by meta-DNA barcoding or culture-independent studies and by previous estimates of species in Ascomycota.The assumptions were made with the currently most accepted,“2.2–3.8 million”species estimate and results of previous studies concluding that 90%of the described ascomycetes reproduce sexually.The catalogue of Life,Species Fungorum and published research were used for data procurement.The average value of teleomorphic species in Ascomycota from all methods is 1.86 million,ranging from 1.37 to 2.56 million.however,only around 83,000 teleomorphic species have been described in Ascomycota and deposited in data repositories.The ratio between described teleomorphic ascomycetes to predicted teleomorphic ascomycetes is 1:22.Therefore,where are the undiscovered teleomorphic ascomycetes?The undescribed species are no doubt to be found in biodiversity hot spots,poorly-studied areas and species complexes.Other poorly studied niches include extremophiles,lichenicolous fungi,human pathogens,marine fungi,and fungicolous fungi.Undescribed species are present in unexamined collections in specimen repositories or incompletely described earlier spe-cies.Nomenclatural issues,such as the use of separate names for teleomorph and anamorphs,synonyms,conspecific names,illegitimate and invalid names also affect the number of described species.Interspecies introgression results in new species,while species numbers are reduced by extinctions.

关键词： Ascomycota Estimates habitat diversity Molecular techniques Species concepts

A phylogenetic and taxonomic re-evaluation of the Bipolaris - cochliobolus - curvularia complex

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Fungal Diversity 2012年第5期56卷 131-144页

作者： Dimuthu S.Manamgoda Lei cai Eric H.C.McKenzie Pedro W.crous hugo Madrid Ekachai chukeatirote Roger G.Shivas Yu Pei Tan Kevin D.hyde Institute of Excellence in Fungal Research Mae Fah Luang UniversityChiang Rai 57100Thailand School of Science Mae Fah Luang UniversityChiang Rai 57100Thailand State Key Laboratory of Mycology Institute of MicrobiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190People’s Republic of China Landcare Research Private Bag 92170AucklandNew Zealand cBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity centre Uppsalalaan 83584 CT UtrechtNetherlands Department of Agriculture Fisheries and ForestryPlant Pathology Herbarium(BRIP)Plant Biosecurity ScienceGPO Box 267BrisbaneQLD 4001Australia

Three genera,cochliobolus,Bipolaris and curvularia form a complex that contains many plant pathogens,mostly on grasses(Poaceae)with a worldwide distribution.The taxonomy of this complex is confusing as frequent nomenclatural changes and refinements have occurred.There is no clear morphological boundary between the asexual genera Bipolaris and curvularia,and some species show intermediate morphology.We investigated this complex based on a set of ex-type cultures and collections from northern Thailand.combined gene analysis of rDNA ITS(internal transcribed spacer),GPDh(glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase),LSU(large subunit)and EF1-α(translation elongation factor 1-α)shows that this generic complex divides into two groups.Bipolaris and cochliobolus species clustered in Group 1 along with their type species,whereas curvularia species(including species named as Bipolaris,cochliobolus and curvularia)clustered in Group 2,with its generic type.The nomenclatural conflict in this complex is resolved giving priority to the more commonly used established generic names Bipolaris and curvularia.Modern descriptions of the genera Bipolaris and curvularia are provided and species resolved in this study are transferred to one of these genera based on their phylogeny.

关键词： Anamorph Generic complex Neotype Nomenclature Pathogens Pseudocochliobolus

Divergence time calibrations for ancient lineages of Ascomycota classification based on a modern review of estimations

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Fungal Diversity 2019年第3期96卷 285-346页

作者： Milan c.Samarakoon Kevin D.hyde Sinang hongsanan Eric H.C.McKenzie hiran A.Ariyawansa Itthayakorn Promputtha Xiang-Yu Zeng Qing Tian Jian-Kui(Jack)Liu center for Informational Biology School of Life Science and TechnologyUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu 611731People’s Republic of China Guizhou Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biotechnology Guizhou Academy of Agricultural SciencesGuiyang 550006People’s Republic of China center of Excellence in Fungal Research Mae Fah Luang UniversityChiang Rai 57100Thailand Department of Biology Faculty of ScienceChiang Mai UniversityChiang Mai 50200Thailand Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of ScienceKunming 650201YunnanPeople’s Republic of China Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Microbial Genetic Engineering College of Life Sciences and OceanographyShenzhen UniversityShenzhenPeople’s Republic of China Manaaki Whenua Landcare Research Private Bag 92170AucklandNew Zealand Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology College of Bio-Resources and AgricultureNational Taiwan UniversityNo.1Sec.4Roosevelt RoadTaipei 106TaiwanROC Environmental Science Research center Faculty of ScienceChiang Mai UniversityChiang Mai 50200Thailand

Inaccurate taxonomic placement of fossils can lead to the accumulation of errors in molecular clock studies and their generated evolutionary lineages.There are limited fossil data that can be used in divergence time estimations.Therefore,reliable morphological characterization and taxonomical identification of fossil fungi are extremely important.Most fossils of Dothideomycetes and Sordariomycetes are from the early cenozoic(66-23 Mya),with fewer from the late Mesozoic(174-145 Mya).however,it is hard to distinguish some fossil descriptions as photographs and illustrations are unclear;thus,the validity of using these fossils in calibrations of molecular clocks is problematic.This study brings scattered paleobiological data on selected fossil Ascomycota,using descriptions,fossil images and illustrations,coupled with recent age estimations,and taxonomic and phylogenetic affinity of extant species.As an integrated approach,this study summarizes a historical fossil outline with a reliable minimum age for 16 calibrating points viz.crown of Aigialus,Anzia,Aspergillus,Asterina,calicium chlorosporum–c.nobile,capnodiales,chaenotheca,colletotrichum,Diaporthales,Meliola,Ophiocordyceps,Microthyriales,Microthyrium,Muyocopron,Pezizomycotina and Stigmatomyces.A scheme of Ascomycota ancient lineages is also provided in order to improve divergence time estimations.

关键词： Fossil fungi Morphological characterization Phylogeny Taxonomy Two new combinations

Taxonomic studies of some often over-looked Diaporthomycetidae and Sordariomycetidae

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Fungal Diversity 2021年第6期111卷 443-572页

作者： Shi-Ke huang Kevin D.hyde Ausana Mapook Sajeewa S.N.Maharachchikumbura Jayarama D.Bhat Eric H.C.McKenzie Rajesh Jeewon Ting-chi Wen State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural BioengineeringMinistry of EducationGuizhou UniversityGuiyang 550025China The Engineering Research center of Southwest Bio-Pharmaceutical Resources Ministry of EducationGuizhou UniversityGuiyang 550025Guizhou ProvinceChina center of Excellence in Fungal Research Mae Fah Luang UniversityChiang Rai 57100Thailand School of Science Mae Fah Luang UniversityChiang Rai 57100Thailand The Mushroom Research centre Guizhou UniversityGuiyang 550025China Institute of Plant health Zhongkai University of Agriculture and EngineeringHaizhu DistrictGuangzhou 510225China School of Life Science and Technology University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu 611731China Department of Botany Goa UniversityGoaIndia Present Address:Goa Velha India Manaaki Whenua-Landcare Research Private Mail Bag 92170AucklandNew Zealand Department of health Sciences Faculty of Medicine and Health SciencesUniversity of MauritiusReduitMauritius

Sordariomycetes is an earlier-introduced and one of the widely distributed class of Ascomycota.The class was initially clas-sified based on morphology in having inoperculate and unitunicate asci.With the development of DNA based phylogenetic analysis,several undetermined or polyphyletic members of Sordariomycetes were reclassified.however,not all species belonging to this class have been sequenced and analyzed.There are a number of species,especially those old and poorly studied ones which have never been sequenced before and not even recollected again for further taxonomic verification.One of the main objective in this study is to revise and update the taxonomy of several well-known early and poorly studied spe-cies whose classification are still obscure.herein,we re-examined the type materials and/or authentic specimens together to explore 74 relatively poorly-studied genera,which mainly belong to Boliniales,calosphaeriales,chaetosphaeriales,Jobellisiales,and Sordariales classified under Diaporthomycetidae and Sordariomycetidae.We provide descriptions,notes,figures and/or drawings and discussed their phylogenetic relationships.As a result,the monotypic Jobellisiales is transferred from hypocreomycetidae to Diaporthomycetidae.Based on phylogenetic analysis,the polyphyletic Lasiosphaeriaceae is divided into five families,Bombardiaceae(Apodospora,Bombardia,Bombardioidea,Fimetariella and Ramophialophora),Lasiosphaeriaceae(Anopodium,Bellojisia,corylomyces,Lasiosphaeria,Mammaria and Zopfiella),Lasiosphaeridaceae(Lasiosphaeris),Strattoniaceae(Strattonia)and Zygospermellaceae(Episternus and Zygospermella).In addition,a new family Neoschizotheciaceae is established based on Neoschizothecium.Analysis of the type species of Boothiella,Stel-latospora,Sulcatistroma and Tengiomyces placed them in Sordariaceae,chaetomiaceae,hypocreales and coronophorales,respectively.We classify the genera lacking molecular data based on their morphology and expect them to be recollected;that is,Kacosphaeria in calosphaeriales;Arnium,Biconios

关键词： 43 new taxa Boliniales calosphaeriales helminthosphaeriaceae Jobellisiales Sordariales Sordariomycetes