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Epidemiological, Clinical Aspects and Outcome of Measles in a Low-Income Country in 2023

Open Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第1期14卷 139-148页

作者： Sime Tchouamo Arielle Annick Enyama Dominique Noukeu Diomède Atyam Ekotto Marie Christine Abouame Palma Haoua Epee Ngoue Jeannette Kago Tague Daniel Armand Touka eric Brice Tasse Simo Nathalie Ines Nguéfack félicité faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences of University of Dschang Dschang Cameroon Gynaeco-Obstetric and Pediatric Hospital of Yaounde Yaounde Cameroon Gynaeco-Obstetric and Pediatric Hospital of Douala Douala Cameroon Regional Annex Hospital of Dschang Dschang Cameroon faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences of University of Garoua Garoua Cameroon faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences of University of Yaounde 1 Yaounde Cameroon West Regional Delegation of Public Health Bafoussam Cameroon

Introduction: Measles remains a worrying health problem in sub-Saharan African countries. There have been measles outbreaks in Cameroon with the most recent occurring between October 2022 and September 2023. The Centre region of Cameroon was the most a.fected in the country and being at the frontline of the fight against this illness, we conducted this study in order to determine the epidemiological and clinical characteristics as well as the outcome of children who contracted the measles and were hospitalized at the Yaoundé Gynaeco-Obstetric and Pediatric Hospital. Methodology: We conducted a cross-sectional descriptive and prospective study for one year from October 2022 to November 2023 corresponding to the duration of the outbreak. We included all children admitted in the pediatric unit for measles and its complications during this period. Results: In total, 60 children were enrolled. Their caregivers were mostly their mothers who had a mean age of 34.71 ± 9.55 years living in significant precarious conditions for the majority. The median age of children was 16 months (09 - 30 months). Twenty six percent of children (16) were less than 9 months. Girls were predominant (55%). Most children were not up to date with their routine EPI vaccination (80%) and most did not receive the measles and Rubella vaccine (76.67%). Clinical manifestations, included fever, conjunctivitis, and cough. Skin rash and catarrh (98.33% and 86.67% respectively) are the case definition signs of measles. The outcome was unfavorable for 4 children. One had a neurological disorder: coma and three presented with pneumonia and severe respiratory distress (6.67%). Conclusion: Measles is still being a reality and claiming lives in our context, emphasis should be made on immunization coverage and if possible, advocacies should be formulated to decrease the age of measles vaccine administration.

关键词： Measles Complications Low-Income Countries

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Analysis of the Quality of Physical and Chemical Parameters of Groundwater in Three Localities in the Sub-Prefecture of Zanzra (Ivory Coast)

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Journal of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering 2024年第4期12卷 1-17页

作者： Djedjess Essoh Jules-César Meledje Bi Irié Marc Gouli Drissa Ouattara Kra Vanh eric-Simon Zran Adjourma Konate Albert Trokourey Laboratoire de Chimie des Eaux (LCE) de l’ Ecole Normale Sup&#233rieure d&#8217Abidjan Abidjan C&#244te d&#8217Ivoire Laboratoire de Constitution et Ré action de la Mati&#232re (LCRM) &#224 l&#8217UFR SSMT-Universit&#233 F&#233lix Houphou&#235t-Boigny (UFHB) de Cocody Abidjan C&#244te d&#8217Ivoire

The availability of groundwater of acceptable quality has become a difficult challenge to meet in many countries, particularly Côte d’Ivoire. The State of Côte d’Ivoire and rural populations are building hydraulic infrastructure for this purpose. However, the quality of water coming from these infrastructures remains to be determined. This study therefore aims to analyze certain physicochemical parameters of the groundwater of Gloazra, Kouezra and Trahonfla. These are temperature, pH, electrical conductivity, TDS, salinity level, hardness, alkalinity, chloride content and bicarbonate. To determine the pH, electrical conductivity, temperature, TDS, and salinity rate, an electrochemical analysis was carried out. The titrimetric analysis made it possible to determine the chloride and bicarbonate content, alkalinity, and hardness. The results indicate that the studied groundwater is soft and acidic with good mineralization. This water does not present a health hazard to consumers but can a.fect hydraulic equipment and household containers.

关键词： Ivory Coast Gloazra Trahonfla Kouezra Physicochemical Parameters Water WHO Standards

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Supervised Learning Method: Critical Analysis and Updating of Cubing Rate formulas for Determining Bark Masses of Prunus africana (Hook. f.) Kalkman (Rosaceae) in Cameroon

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Open Journal of forestry 2024年第3期14卷 346-368页

作者： Armand Ndedy Bile Alain Mpouam Benoit fouadjio Lorette Guedeu Kambale Muhesi Steve Tassiamba Paulette Kouam eric Wete Marius Ela Michèle Yimga Joseph Ambara Louis Aimé fono Jean Lagarde Betti Department of Plant Biology Faculty of Science The University of Douala Douala Cameroon Department of Wood and forest Sciences ISABEE University of Bertoua Bertoua Cameroon Department of Water and forests Higher Institute of Agronomic Veterinary and Forestry Studies of Butembo Butembo Democratic Republic of Congo Department of forestry Faculty of Agronomy and Agricultural Sciences University of Dschang Dschang Cameroon Department of Biology and Plant Faculty of Sciences University of Maroua Maroua Cameroon Deutsche Gresellschaft fur Internationale Zusammenarbeit GmbH (GIZ) Bertoua Cameroon Department of Mathematics and Computer Science Faculty of Science The University of Douala Douala Cameroon

The stem barks of Prunus africana are used in the treatment of the benign prostate. Cameroon is one of the important exporters of the barks. Despite the important measures adopted in Cameroon for sustaining its harvesting, some many chalenges still remain. The objective of this work is to refine the forest management parameters in relation to P. africana in the regions of Adamaoua and the South-West by developing a volume rate which makes it possible to estimate the production for a new stem. The work took place in two phases: in the South-West in 2010 and in Adamaoua in 2011. Data collection used the semi-direct method, while the cubing equation was deduced by the multiple linear regression method. Two models for volume estimation and three models for mass prediction were developed. The predictive parameters retained are diameter, height of the bole and thickness of the bark. Results show that the average mass of the dry bark for a given P. africana tree species is 27.55 ± 14.44 kg and this varies according to the site. The strong adjusted coefficient of determination (adjusted R2) observed illustrates the reliability of the proposed models. These models provide a reliable tool that can be adopted as a standard in Cameroon for P. africana.

关键词： Prunus africana Prostate Quota Mass Model Sustainable Management

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Vestibular migraine in low-and lower-middle-income countries:A scoping review

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Journal of Otology 2023年第3期18卷 173-184页

作者： eric K.Kim Amina Seguya May Htoo Thaw Peggy Tahir eric J.formeister Christopher J.Waterworth Ali f.Ja.fer The Global Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Initiative USA Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery University of CaliforniaSan FranciscoSan FranciscoCAUSA Ear Nose and Throat SurgeonMulago National Referral HospitalKampalaUganda Eye ORL-HNS HospitalMandalayMyanmar UCSf Library University of CaliforniaSan FranciscoCAUSA Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Duke UniversityDurhamNCUSA Department of Audiology and Speech Pathology The University of MelbourneVictoriaAustralia Nossal Institute for Global Health University of MelbourneVictoriaAustralia HearWell Audiology Clinic Dar es SalaamTanzania

Background:Vestibular migraine(VM)is a common cause of dizziness that is underrecognized,underdiagnosed,and challenging to effectively *** prevalence,appropriate diagnostic workup,and therapies for VM in low-and lower-middle-income countries(LLMICs)remain *** objective of this scoping review is to evaluate the current state of VM research in ***:PubMed,Embase,and Web of Science databases were searched to execute a scoping review of ***“vestibular diseases”and“vertigo”were used in combination with terms referring to LLMICs as defined by the World *** and abstract screening,full-text review,and data collection were conducted by two authors ***:Twenty-six studies were included in the scoping *** studies were cross-sectional(57.7%)or case studies/series(23.1%)and were conducted in urban settings only(92.3%).Geographic distribution of studies was skewed,with 65.4%of articles originating from *** prevalence of VM among clinic patients ranged from 0.3%to 33.3%.VM most frequently presented as headache,nausea and vomiting,and *** imaging,audiometry,and electronystagmography/videonystagmography were the three most commonly utilized diagnostic modalities in the dizziness *** most studied pharmacotherapies included calcium channel blockers,followed by beta-blockers and *** studies and series discussed less common VM pharmacotherapies,such as ayurvedic ***:There is a need for more VM research in LLMICs,including innovative diagnostic approaches and therapies that can improve VM care *** partnerships between LLMIC and highincome country researchers must expand vestibular research capacity and productivity in LLMICs.

关键词： Vestibular migraine Migraine Global Otolaryngology Scoping review

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Dissemination of Resistance Integrons and Genes Coding for Blse and Cabapenemases in the Urban Drainage Network in Cote d’Ivoire

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Advances in Microbiology 2024年第5期14卷 268-286页

作者： Coulibaly Kalpy Julien Diaby Aboubakar Sidik Vakou N’dri Sabine M’bengue Gbonon Valérie Carole Claon Jean Stephane Yao Kouamé eric Gnali Gbohounou fabrice Yéo Yéfougnini Bagré Issa Djaman Allico Joseph Dosso Mireille Pasteur Institute of Ivory Coast Abidjan C&#244te d&#8217Ivoire fé lix Houphou&#235t-Boigny University Abidjan C&#244te d&#8217Ivoire

Antibiotic resistance has become a major threat to human health worldwide. Environment, particularly the water environment, has long been overlooked as a player in the antibiotic resistance cycle, although its role remains unclear. These can provide an ideal setting for the acquisition and dissemination of antibiotic resistance, as they are frequently a.fected by anthropogenic activities. The objective of this study was to establish a diffusion map of resistance integrons used as genetic markers of resistance associated with antibiotic resistance conferring genes (ARGs). Total DNA extracts from non-cultivable bacterial communities were used for the analyses. These communities were obtained from wastewater samples from 14 sites upstream and downstream of drainage channels or effluents in the cities of Abidjan, Bouaké, and Yamoussoukro. The results obtained correspond to the number of positives among the treated samples (n = 39). Among the genetic markers of dissemination, class 1 integrons were the most evident in 94.8% of samples in Abidjan (93.3%), Bouaké (100%) and Yamoussoukro (91.6%). Class 2 integrons and class 3 integrons were found respectively in 41% and 51% of all samples. Genes coding for β-lactamases and blaTEM was identified in almost all samples at a rate of 97.4%. A co-presence of the three genes blaTEM, blaSHV and blaCTX-M is also remarkable in the sites of the city of Yamoussoukro. Among the genes coding for carbapenemases, only blaKPC 17.94%, blaNDM 30.76% and blaOXA48 38.46% were detected in the samples.

关键词： Antibiotic Resistance Wastewater Resistance Integrons (RIs) Resistance Genes

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Natural orifice translumenal endoscopic surgery: Progress in humans since white paper

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2011年第13期17卷 1655-1665页

作者： Byron f Santos eric S Hungness Department of Surgery Feinberg School of Medicine Northwestern University Chicago IL 60611 United States

Since the first description of the concept of natural orifice translumenal endoscopic surgery (NOTES), a substantial number of clinical NOTES reports have appeared in the literature. This editorial reviews the available human data addressing research questions originally proposed by the white paper, including determining the optimal method of access for NOTES, developing safe methods of lumenal closure, suturing and anastomotic devices, advanced multitasking pla.forms, addressing the risk of infection, managing complications, addressing challenges with visualization, and training for NOTES procedures. An analysis of the literature reveals that so far transvaginal access and closure appear to be the most feasible techniques for NOTES, with a limited, but growing transgastric, transrectal, and transesophageal NOTES experience in humans. The theoretically increased risk of infection as a result of NOTES procedures has not been substantiated in transvaginal and transgastric procedures so far. Development of suturing and anastomotic devices and advanced pla.forms for NOTES has progressed slowly, with limited clinical data on their use so far. Data onthe optimal management and incidence of intraoperative complications remain sparse, although possible factors contributing to complications are discussed. finally, this editorial discusses the likely direction of future NOTES development and its possible role in clinical practice.

关键词：白皮书内窥镜人类手术孔口自然 Notes 多任务平台

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Physicochemical degradation of phycocyanin and means to improve its stability:A short review

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Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis 2022年第3期12卷 406-414页

作者： Aïda Adjali Igor Clarot Zilin Chen eric Marchioni Ariane Boudier Universite de Lorraine CITHEFORF-54000NancyFrance Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery Ministry of EducationHubei Province Engineering and Technology Research Center for Fluorinated Pharmaceuticalsand Wuhan University School of Pharmaceutical SciencesWuhan430071China State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100080China Universite de Strasbourg CNRSIPHC UMR 7178F-67000StrasbourgFrance

The cyanobacterium Arthrospira platensis,spirulina,is a source of pigments such as phycobiliprotein and *** is used in the food,cosmetics,and pharmaceutical industries because of its antioxidant,anti-inflammatory,and anticancer *** different steps involved in extraction and purification of this protein can alter the final *** this review,the stability of phycocyanin(pH,temperature,and light)is discussed,considering the physicochemical parameters of kinetic *** optimal working pH range for phycocyanin is between 5.5 and 6.0 and it remains stable up to 45℃;however,exposure to relatively high temperatures or acidic pH decreases its ha.f-life and increases the degradation kinetic *** are sensitive to light;preservatives such as mono-and disaccharides,citric acid,or sodium chloride appear to be effective stabilizing *** within nano-or micro-structured materials such as nanofibers,microparticles,or nanoparticles,can also preserve or enhance its stability.

关键词： Arthrospira platensis Spirulina Phycocyanin stability Preservatives Encapsulation

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Impact of Diabetes, Hypertension and Heart failure on Stroke Rehabilitation Care

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Open Journal of Therapy and Rehabilitation 2022年第3期10卷 111-132页

作者： eric f. Tanlaka Jennifer Voth Nathania Liem faculty of Nursing University of Windsor Windsor Canada Hotel Dieu Grace Healthcare Windsor Canada

Background: Stroke patients who have multiple comorbidities at inpatient rehabilitation admission might experience poorer outcomes than those without comorbidities. Some differences in outcomes between these two groups may be based on age and type of comorbidity. Materials and Methods: Retrospective administrative data.from an inpatient stroke rehabilitation unit in a Southwestern Ontario hospital were examined to determine the independent associations between diabetes, hypertension, and heart failure in stroke patients and rehabilitation length of stay (LOS), functional gains in rehabilitation, and discharge destination. We also examined the associations between CHADS2 score and rehabilitation LOS, functional gains in rehabilitation, and discharge destination. Results: Seven hundred and seven cases of stroke subcategorized as experiencing mild (n = 193), moderate (n = 454), and severe (n = 60) stroke were included in the study. Of these patients, 16.4% (n = 116) had type 2 diabetes, 58.7% (n = 415) had hypertension, and 5.8% (n = 41) had congestive heart failure (CHf) prior to stroke. CHf patients were significantly (p = 0.02) older, had significantly (p = 0.014) lower mean fIM gains and were discharged to residential care facilities compared to non-CHf cases. A higher CHADS2 score was significantly associated with Lower fIM gains and discharge to longer term settings. Conclusion: Significant differences exist in the functional gains and discharge disposition of stroke patients based on age of patient, type of comorbidity in stroke, and CHADS2 score.

关键词： Stroke Comorbidities Inpatient Rehabilitation functional Outcomes CHADS2 Score

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Investigation into a practical approach and application of cotton fiber elongation

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Journal of Cotton Research 2023年第1期6卷 13-24页

作者： DELHOM Christopher D. WANJURA John D. PELLETIER Mathew G. HOLT Gregory A. HEQUET eric f. USDA-ARS New OrleansLA 70124USA USDA-ARS LubbockTX 79403USA Texas Tech University LubbockTX 79409USA

Background The strength of cotton fiber has been extensively studied and significantly improved through selec-tive breeding,but fiber elongation has largely been ignored,even though elongation contributes to determining the energy needed to break *** developments to calibrate the high volume instrument(HVI)for elongation has renewed interest in ***,it is not understood how best to utilize yet another fiber property which has the potential to add to the complexity of fiber *** explore a practical approach to applying elongation,cot-ton samples were tested using single fiber methods,the Stelometer,and the *** of strength,elongation,and combined properties such as modulus were *** HVI testing was shown to be sensitive enough to characterize elongation differences but unlike single fiber testing it was unable to capture within-sample *** bundle testing,like Stelometer and HVI was shown to reduce bias due to fiber *** The use of secant modulus,an intrinsic material property,allowed for one value to represent both strength and *** modulus was shown to contain more useful information than either elongation or ***-to-break was shown to be more influenced by a specific value of breaking force or elongation rather than the intrinsic behavior of the sample being *** the influence of genetics and environment on elongation,and its interaction with other fiber properties,requires additional *** modulus,by combining strength and elongation into one value,shows the potential to incorporate elongation values into fiber characteriza-tion without increasing the complexity of current fiber selection processes.

关键词： Cotton Elongation Tenacity Work-to-break ModulusBackground

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New perspectives on robotic pancreaticoduodenectomy:An analysis of the National Cancer Database

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2023年第1期15卷 60-71页

作者： Aleksandr Kalabin Vishnu R Mani Robin L Kruse Chase Schlesselman Kai Yu Li Kevin f Staveley-O'Carroll eric T Kimchi Department of Surgery University of MissouriColumbiaMO 65212United States Department of Surgery The Johns Hopkins HospitalBaltimoreMD 21287United States

BACKGROUND Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma is a common *** all advancements,the prognosis remains,poor with an overall 5-year survival of only 10.8%.Recently,a robotic pla.form has become an attractive tool for treating pancreatic cancer(PC).While recent studies indicated improved lymph node(LN)harvest during robotic pancreaticoduodenectomy(PD),data on long-term outcomes are *** To evaluate absolute LN harvest during *** outcomes included evaluating the association between LN harvest and short-and long-term oncological outcomes for three different surgical *** We conducted an analysis of the National Cancer Database,including patients diagnosed with PC who underwent open,laparoscopic,or robotic PD in ***-way analysis of variance was used to compare continuous variables,chi-square test-for *** survival was defined as the time between surgery and *** survival time was estimated with the Kaplan-Meier method,and groups were compared with the Wilcoxon test.A Cox proportional hazards model was used to assess the association of covariates with survival after controlling for patient characteristics and procedure *** 17169 patients were included,8859(52%)males;mean age 65;14509(85%)white.13816(80.5%)patients had an open PD,2677(15.6%)and 676(3.9%)-laparoscopic and robotic PD *** comorbidity index(Charlson-Deyo Score)*** average,18.84 LNs were *** LN harvest during open,laparoscopic and robotic PD was 18.59,19.65 and 20.70 respectively(Pfor cancer and did not differ by the procedure type(P=0.26).Vascular invasion was noted in 42.6%of LNs and did differ by the approach:42.1%for open,44.0%for laparoscopic and 47.2%for robotic PD(P=0.015).Median survival for open PD was 26.1 mo,laparoscopic-27.2 mo,robotic-29.1 mo(P=0.064).Survival was associated with higher LN harvest,while higher number of positive LNs was assoc

关键词： Pancreatic cancer Pancreaticoduodenectomy Robotic surgery National Cancer Database

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