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Influence of Sea Level Pressure on Inter-Annual Rainfall Variability in Northern Senegal in the Context of Climate Change

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Atmospheric and Climate Sciences 2022年第1期12卷 113-131页

作者： Aichetou Dia-Diop Malick Wade Sinclaire Zebaze Abdoulaye Bouya Diop eric efon Andre Lenouo Bouya Diop Laboratoire des Sciences de l’Atmosphère et des Océans—Matériaux-énergie-Dispositifs (LSAO-MED) Université Gaston Berger Saint-Louis Sénégal Department of Physics Faculty of Science University of Yaoundé 1 Yaoundé Cameroon Department of Physics Faculty of Science University of Bamenda Bamenda Cameroon

This study examines the inter-annual variability of rainfall and Mean Sea Level Pressure (MSLP) over west Africa based on analysis of the Global Precipitation Climatology Project (GPCP) and National Center for Environmental Prediction/National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCEP/NCAR) Reanalysis respectively. An interconnection is found in this region, between Mean Sea Level Pressure (MSLP) anomaly (over Azores and St. Helena High) and monthly mean precipitation during summer (June to September: JJAS). We also found that over northern Senegal (15°N - 17°N;17°W - 13°W) the SLP to the north is strong;the wind converges at 200 hPa corresponding to the position of the African Easterly Jet (AEJ) the rotational wind 700 hPa (corresponding to the position of the African Easterly Jet (AEJ) coming fro

关键词： Global Precipitation Climatology Project (GPCP) West Africa monsoon Inter-Tropical Convergence Zone African Easterly Jet (AEJ) Tropical Easterly Jet (TEJ) Sea Level Pressure (SLP)

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Influences of Rainfall and Temperature on Malaria Endemicity in Cameroon: Emphasis on Bonaberi District

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2022年第3期10卷 46-66页

作者： Sharlot Fosah Amelie D. Mbouna eric efon Doroty Fosah Achu Lenouo Andre Alain M. Dikande Department of Physics University of Buea Buea Cameroon Department of Physics University of Yaoundé 1 Yaoundé Cameroon Department of Physics Faculty of Science University of Bamenda Bamenda Cameroon National Malaria Program Yaoundé Yaoundé Cameroon Department of Physics Faculty of Science University of Douala Douala Cameroon Department of Physics Faculty of Science University of Buea Buea Cameroon

Relating the influence of climate on the occurrence of a vector-borne disease like malaria quantitatively is quite challenging. To better understand the disease endemicity, the effects of climate variables on the distribution of malaria in Cameroon are studied over space and time, with emphasis on the Bonaberi district. Meteorological monitoring can lead to proactive control. The government of Cameroon, through the National Control Malaria Program, has put in place strategies to control and stop the spread of the disease. This study is therefore geared towards assessing the yearly parasite ratio of malaria over the ten regions of Cameroon and to work out the influence of rainfall and temperature on disease endemicity with emphasis on a district of Douala. The model used is the VECTRI model, which shows the dynamic link between climatic variables and malaria transmission. The parasite ratio observed and simulated showed a maximum correlation of 0.75 in 2015. A positive relationship between temperature, rainfall and malaria is revealed in this study but Bonaberi has malaria all year round. The West region is the least affected by malaria. We recommend that For the VECTRI model to perform better, the population could be incorporated in the model.

关键词： Malaria Parasite Ratio Malaria Modeling Climate Variables

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Interannual Variability of Rainfall over the West Africa Sahel

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2020年第3期8卷 85-101页

作者： Aichetou Dia-Diop Sinclaire Zebaze Malick Wade Rinelle Ngongang Djiondo Bouya Diop eric efon Andre Lenouo Laboratoire des Sciences de l’Atmosphère et des Océans-Matériaux-énergie-Dispositifs (LSAO-MED) Université Gaston Berger Saint-Louis Sénégal Department of Physics Faculty of Science University of Douala Douala Cameroon Department of Physics Faculty of Science University of Bamenda Bamenda Cameroon

Interannual variability of the precipitation over West Africa Sahel is analyzed based on 32 years (1979-2010) from monthly and daily database of the Global Precipitation Climatology Project (GPCP). In this region, we found that there is a link between the West Africa Monsoon (WAM) and the daily means of the precipitation in the summer, unseasonal rains can occur in the transition seasons and even in the heart of the dry season. Rainfall is the most important element for agro-pastoral activities in this region. The 850-hPa wind and wind divergence structure show a maximum convection over Mountain region (Fouta-Djalon and Mont-Cameroon) which corresponds to the high precipitation and OLR observed in these regions. The trend and empirical orthogonal function (EOF) of the precipitation are presented, including the mid-July variability of the precipitation. The dominant EOF of GPCP precipitation accounts for around 25.3% of the variance with slightly large amplitude in the north while relatively small in the equatorial band respectively. The second and third EOF which accounts for 20.5% and 14%, describes a longitudinal contrast with a zonal gradient.

关键词： GPCP Precipitation West Africa Monsoon Inter Tropical Convergence Zone Trend

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Kinematic Evolution of the Nyakong-Manyi Shear Zone(Adamawa,Cameroon): Constraints from Field Observations and Microstructures,and Implication for Metamorphic P-T-t Estimation

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地球科学学刊:英文版 2023年第5期34卷 1465-1487页

作者： Belmien Robinson Sobze Yemdji Jules Tcheumenak Kouémo eric Martial Fozing Ludovic Achu Megnemo Julios efon Awoum Agnes Blandine Kamgang Tchuifong Brice Rostant Tepi Yemele Maurice Kwékam Department of Earth Science University of DschangDschang 67Cameroon Department of Earth Science Faculty of ScienceUniversity of DoualaDouala 24157Cameroon

The Nyakong-Manyi Shear Zone(NMSZ) is a NE-SW elongated corridor found to the northwest of the Foumban-Bankim Shear Zone(FBSZ) along the Central Cameroon Shear Zone. Controversial chronology models has been proposed for the kinematic evolution of the sinistral and dextral shear phases in the Tikar Plain, thus in the FBSZ;early dextral and late sinistral shear phases for some authors and early sinistral and late dextral shear for others. Moreover, the NMSZ kinematic evolution implication on the mylonitization P-T-t path in the area seem to be problematic and the present paper aim is to clear enough those problems;since this shear zone is the main mylonitic corridor that registered the left and right lateral movement in this area. The NMSZ comprises amphibolites, protomylonites, strict sensus mylonites(garnet-kyanite-sillimanite mylonite and garnet-pyroxene mylonite), ultramylonites kyanite-sillimanite and garnet-kyanite-sillimanite gneiss. Field structures testify that the investigated area recorded three deformation phases:(i) the D1deformation phase which is marked by NW-SE to N-S trending S1metamorphic foliation with low to moderate dips(15°–45°) that was transposed during the D2phase, is responsible for a regional metamorphism whose mineral paragenesis is garnet-kyanite-sillimanite;(ii) the early sinistral NNE-SSW to NE-SW shear phase D2marked by S2metamorphic and mylonitic foliations;responsible for, L2stretching mineral lineation, F2fold axes and B2boudins structures;(iii) the late dextral NE-SW shear phase D3, characterized by F3folds, B3boudins and ductile dextral C3shear planes. Mineral paragenesis garnet + kyanite + sillimanite and microstructures within gneiss testify that this rock underwent high grade regional metamorphism whose peak conditions are estimated at 11.5–13.5 kbar/850–900 ℃. After the peak of metamorphism gneiss was overprinted by high grade pressure mylonitization during the early sinistral and late dextral shear deformations. Microstructura

关键词： structural and microstructural features pressure-temperature estimation Nyakong-Manyi Shear Zone Foumban-Bankim Shear Zone Central Cameroon ShearZone tectonics petrology

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